1、：世界三大博物馆之大英博物馆游览攻略小编给你一个美联英语官方试听课申请链接：旅游英语：WhentheBritishMuseumopenedin1753,itwastheworldsfirstnationalpublicmuseum,free(asitstillis)toall“studiousandcuriouspersons.”Itcontainsabreathtakingcollectionofover8millionobjectsthatpaintaninterconnectedportraitoft
2、heworldscultures.ButitalsoepitomizesthelongBritishtraditionsofexploration,quirkinessandobsessivecollecting.Youcouldspendweekshere.Butdontworry;wellguideyouthrough.大英博物馆于1753年对外开放，是世界上第一个国立公共博物馆，免费(至今仍然如此)对所有“勤奋与好奇的人”开放。它的藏品达到惊人的800多万件，为多种世界文化描绘出一幅彼此相联的画卷。但它也体现了英国长期以来
4、lengthofthemuseumside,housessculpturesandartifactsfromabout3,000yearsofancientEgyptiancivilization.Itfeaturesspectacularbusts,elaboratelyengravedsarcophagiandthemuseumsmostpopularexhibittheRosettaStone,datingfrom196B.C.andinscribedwithnear-identicaltextsinthre
5、escripts,whichallowedlinguiststodevelopanunderstandingofEgyptianhieroglyphsthroughcomparison.这个长而壮观的展馆几乎贯穿整个博物馆西翼，藏有横跨3000年古埃及文明的雕塑与文物。其中有壮观的半身像、精心雕刻的石棺，以及博物馆最受欢迎的展品罗塞塔石碑(RosettaStone)，它大约来自公元前196年，以三种文字刻着几乎相同的文本，令语言学家能够通过比较来发展对埃及象形文字的理解。WhyItsMustSee:Theseexhibitsgiveaninst
6、antideaofthemagnificence,ambitionandsophisticationofancientEgyptianculture.必看原因：这些展品能令人立刻了解到古埃及文化的宏伟、抱负与复杂性。WhattoLookFor:Agiantsculptureofascarabbeetle,withtenderlycarvedandcurvinglegs,andanenormousbustofRamessesII,whichinspiredPercyByssheShelleyspoem“Ozyman
7、dias.”看点：一座巨大的圣甲虫雕塑，有着柔和的线条和弯曲的腿，还有一座巨大的拉美西斯二世(RamessesII)半身像，正是它启发珀西比希雪莱(PercyByssheShelley)写下了奥兹曼sMiddleE迪亚斯(Ozymandias)这首诗。Nearby:AdjacenttothelongEgyptiangalleryispartofthemuseumcollection.InRoom6,youllfindtheincrediblehuman-headed,wingedlionstatues(883-859B.C.)t
8、hatformedthegatestothethroneroomofKingAshurnasirpalIIofAssyria(whichwenowcallnorthernIraq).Andyes,theydohavefivelegs,becausetheyweredesignedtobeseeneitherfromthefrontorfromtheside.附近：长长的埃及馆旁边是博物馆中东藏品的一部分。在6号展厅里，可以看到不可思议的人面狮身有翅雕像(公元前883-859年)，它们构成了通往亚述(今伊拉克
9、北部)的阿淑尔纳西尔帕王二世(KingAshurnasirpalII)王座宫殿的大门。是的，它们有五条腿，因为它们是被设计为从正面或侧面观看的。ARTANDMYTHINATHENS雅典的艺术与神话TheParthenonSculptures|Room18帕台农(Parthenon)神殿雕塑|18号展厅ThesebeautifulfriezesandsculpturesformedpartoftheParthenonontheAcropolisofAthens,builtbetween447and438B.C.Theywer
10、eremovedin1805byLordElgin,theBritishambassadortotheOttomanEmpire,inanattempttosavethemfromfurtherdegradation,buttheBritishMuseumspossessionoftheElginMarbles,astheycametobecalled,haslongbeenasubjectofintensecontroversy.这些美丽的中楣横条(friezes)和雕塑曾经是雅典卫城帕台农神殿的一部分，
11、该神殿于公元前447到438年之间建成。1805年，英国驻奥斯曼帝国大使埃尔金勋爵(LordElgin)为保护它们免遭进一步损坏，将它们拆下来带走，此后它们便被称为埃尔金大理石雕，但是大英博物馆对它们的所有权一直存在激烈的争议。WhyItsMustSee:Theseintricatelycarvedfriezesandstand-alonesculpturesofferarichlydetailedportraitofAtheniansocietyandmores.必看原因：这些雕刻精美的中楣横条以及独立存在的雕塑丰富详尽地描绘出雅典的社会风
12、貌与习俗。WhattoLookFor:Therivetinghorseshead,withitsbulgingeyesandveinedcheeks,exhaustedfromdrawingthechariotofthemoonacrossthenightsky.看点：雕塑上迷人的马头，眼珠凸起，面颊上血脉贲张，它拉着月神的战车飞过夜空，已经筋疲力尽。Nearby:TheNereidMonument,alargeLuciantombfoundatXanthos(inmodernTurkey),intheadja
13、centRoom17andisawonderfulmeldingofGreekandMiddleEasternfigures,withnereids(mythicalseanymphs),aPersiankingandaGreekarmyalldepictedonitsdecorativepanels.附近：旁边的17号展厅内有涅内伊德碑像(TheNereidMonument)，以及在桑瑟斯古城(Xanthos，位于现在的土耳其)发现的一个巨大的卢西安(Lucian)坟茔，这座展厅是希腊与中东文物的精彩融合，装饰板上描绘着
14、涅内伊德(神话里的海中仙女)、波斯国王和希腊军队。THEINVENTIONOFPORCELAIN瓷器的发明ChineseCeramics(SirPercivalDavidcollection)|Room95中国陶瓷(珀西瓦尔大维德爵士SirPercivalDavid收藏)|95号展厅ThisstunningcollectionofChineseceramicsisoutstandingforitsbeauty,rarityandhistoricalvalue.Somepiecesdatebacktotheinventio
15、nofporcelainaround2,000yearsago.这个令人惊叹的中国瓷器系列以其美丽、稀有和历史价值而闻名。一些展品可追溯到2000年前瓷器刚刚发明出来的时代。WhyItsMustSee:Thegalleryhasmorethan1,700examplesofbreathtakingbeautifulceramicobjects,bothpracticalandfanciful.必看原因：展厅内有超过1700件陶瓷器物，既有实用器，也有供人赏玩之物，它们的美丽令人惊叹。WhattoLookFor:TheDavidVa
16、ses,probablythemostimportantblue-and-whiteporcelainpiecesinexistence,haveinscriptionsneartheirtopsthatdatethemto1351.SirPercivalDavidreunitedthevasesin1935,afterbuyingthemfromtwoseparatecollections.看点：大维德花瓶(TheDavidVases)，可能是现存最重要的青花瓷器物，其顶部附近的铭文表明它们的年代可以追溯到1351年。19
17、35年，珀西瓦尔大维德爵士分别从两个收藏家手中买下它们，令这对花瓶重聚。Nearby:NexttotheceramicsgalleryisRoom67,devotedtoKoreancultureandtraditionfrom300B.C.tothepresent.Ithasaneclecticrangeofobjects,includingmetalwork,drawings,painting,ceramicsandcalligraphy,andiswellworthalook,evenifjusttose
18、ethere-creationofasaranbang,ortraditionalscholarsstudy.附近：瓷器展厅旁边是67号展厅，专门收藏公元前300年至今的朝韩文化与传统物品。藏品内容非常广泛，包括金属制品、书画，以及陶瓷，非常值得一看，即使只是看看重建的舍廊坊(saranbang，传统学者的书房)，也是值得的。ASPECTACULARARCHEOLOGICALDISCOVERY考古大发现SuttonHooShipBurial|Room41萨顿胡船葬(SuttonHooShipBurial)|41号展厅The193
19、7discoveryofanAnglo-SaxonshipdatingfromaroundA.D.600wasanastonishingfindofroyaltreasures.The88.5-footlongshipwasanarchaeologistsdream,packedwithtreasures,includinggoldjewelry,Byzantinesilverware,amagnificentcasketandanironhelmet.Itmayhavebeentheburialpl
20、aceforanAnglo-Saxonking.这艘于1937年发现的盎格鲁-撒克逊船只年代可追溯到公元600年左右，在其中发现了惊人的王室珍宝。它长达88.5英尺，堪称考古学家的梦想，里面装满宝物，包括黄金首饰、拜占庭银器、一个宏伟的棺木和铁头盔。它可能是某个盎格鲁-撒克逊国王的墓地。WhyItsMustSee:TheobjectsondisplayareexquisitelycraftedandtellusmuchaboutAnglo-SaxonEnglandandthatthegreattreasures,epictrav
21、elsandlarger-than-lifewarriorsofthepoetryofthattimewerenotfarfromreality.必看原因：展出的器物工艺精美，并且能够告诉我们许多有关盎格鲁-撒克逊英格兰的事情，仿佛诗歌中那些宏大的宝藏、史诗般的旅行和传奇的勇士距离现实不是那么遥远。WhattoLookFor:Madeofironandcoveredwithcopperpanelsthatshowarangeofscenes,theSuttonHoohelmetisoneofonlyfoursurv
22、ivinghelmetsfromtheperiod.Ithasadistinctiveshapeandamenacingface-maskwithcoppereyebrowsthatareinlaidwithsilverwireandgarnets,endinginasilverboarshead.看点：萨顿胡头盔由铁制成，外面覆以铜片，上面雕刻着一系列景象，是同时期仅存的四个头盔之一。它形状独特，有着充满威胁性的面具，铜制的眉毛上镶嵌着银线和石榴石，眉毛尾部是银色的野猪头。Nearby:Evenifyouarenotin
23、terestedinclocks,Rooms38and39housewonderfultimepiecesthatarelikelytoleaveyoumarveling.Makesuretofindthe1589CarillonClockthatplaysmusicwrittenbyMartinLuther,andthe1585MechanicalGalleon,whichhasminiaturesoldiersstrikingbellsandfiringguns.附近：就算你对钟表不感兴趣，38号展厅和3
24、9号展厅精美的钟表也可能会让你惊叹不已。一定要找到1589钟琴(1589CarillonClock)，它曾经被用来演奏马丁路德(MartinLuther)谱写的音乐，还要找到1585机械帆船钟(1585MechanicalGalleon)，上面有微型士兵敲钟和开枪。THESPORTOFKINGS国王的运动AssyrianLionHunts|Room10亚述猎狮(AssyrianLionHunts)|10号展厅Thesculptedreliefsonalabasterpanelsthatlinethisgalleryillustra
25、tetheextravaganthuntingritualsofthelastgreatAssyrianKing,Ashurbanipal,wholivedbetween668andaround630B.C.Thepanelsdepictafullstory,fromthereleaseofthelionstothesubsequentchase,theshoweringofarrowsandthekillingsthatmarkedthekingsprowessandpower.在这个展厅里，雪
26、花大理石浮雕描绘了最后一个伟大的亚述王亚述巴尼拔(Ashurbanipal)的盛大狩猎仪式，他生活的年代大约在公元前668到630年。这些石板描绘了一个完整的故事，从放出狮子到后来的追逐，万箭齐发，乃至最后的杀戮，象征着国王的力量与权力。WhyItsMustSee:Thehuntscenesshowaworldofpageantry,ritualandunsentimentalcrueltyfarfrommostwesternsensibilitiestoday.必看原因：狩猎场景展示了一个充满盛宴与仪式，残酷无情的世界，与如今大多数西方人的情感
27、倾向相去甚远。WhattoLookFor:Thelittleboywhoreleasesthelionsfromtheircageatthestartofthesequenceisasmall,butcharmingdetail.看点：一系列浮雕开始之时，那个把狮子从笼子里释放出来的小男孩是个迷人的小细节。Nearby:Inanotherpartofthisgallery,youwillfindremnantsofthepalaceofAshurbanipalfromwhatisnownorthernIra
28、q.Lookcloselyatthestonewallpanel,whichshowsfinelyobservedstudiesofplantsandanimals,includingthelionsthatwerekeptintheroyalgardens.附近：在这个展厅的另一部分，可以找到亚述巴尼拔宫殿的遗迹，来自如今的伊拉克北部。仔细看看石墙的墙面，上面雕刻着栩栩如生的植物和动物，包括养在皇家花园的狮子。OfftheBeatenPath不走寻常路Lesser-knownbutnotless-importantpieces
29、resideinthesefivegalleries.下面五个展厅里的藏品虽然不那么著名，但也非常重要。OxusTreasure|Room52奥克瑟斯宝藏(OxusTreasur)|52号展厅Thisroomfeaturesaround170goldandsilverobjects,foundwhenagroupofmerchantswasrescuedfrombanditsbyaBritishofficerneartheOxusRiver,inwhatwasthenthePersianEmpire.Th
30、ehoardcontainedvessels,sculptures,coinsandvotiveplaquesandtheyshowthegold-andsilversmithingskillsoftheAchaemenidperiod(550-331B.C).Exquisitegriffin-headedamulets,agoldfishwithtinyscalesandahorseandchariotsculptureareamongthesewonders.这个展厅里陈列着大约170件金银制品。在当年隶属波斯帝
31、国的奥克瑟斯河附近，一名英国军官从土匪手中救下一个商队时发现了它们。这批宝物中包括容器、雕塑、硬币和祈愿用的牌匾，它们显示了阿契美尼德(Achaemenid)时期(公元前550-331)的金银工艺。这些珍宝当中包括一枚精致的格里芬头像护身符、一条长着细小鳞片的金鱼，以及一匹马和战车的雕塑。TheHolyThornReliquary|Room2a圣荆棘圣物箱|2a展厅Thisjewelboxofaroomcontainssome300preciousobjectsfrommedievalandRenaissanceEurope,bequeath
32、edtotheBritishMuseumbythecollectorBaronFerdinandRothschildin1898.AmongtheraritiesfoundhereistheHolyThornReliquary,datingfrom1397andmadetohouseathornfromthecrownofthornsplacedonChristhseadathiscrucifixion.Lookforthe16th-centurytheatricalcabinetthatlooks
33、likeaministageset,andabreathtaking17th-centuryjadecup,withtwodragonlikefiguresforminghandles.这个展厅内展出的珍宝中包含来自中世纪和文艺复兴时期欧洲的约300件珍贵物品，由收藏家费迪南德罗斯柴尔德男爵(BaronFerdinandRothschild)在1898年遗赠给大英博物馆。其中的珍品包括圣荆棘圣物箱，它的历史可以追溯到1397年，用来盛放基督在十字架上被钉死时头戴的荆冠上的一根荆棘。还可以去看看一个16世纪的戏剧陈列柜，看上去像个迷你舞台;以及一个惊人的
34、17世纪玉杯，有两个龙形手柄。Mexico|Room27墨西哥|27号展厅BrieflyadmiretheHuastecgoddesssculpturesneartheentrance,thenheadstraightforthecabinetatthebackoftheroom,whichcontainsadouble-headedserpentmadefromasinglepieceofcedarandcoveredintinyturquoisemosaics.Itsfangliketeetha
35、remadefromconchshells,itsgumsandsnoutfromredoystershell.Theworkmanshipisspectacular,asitisonthetwoturquoiseface-masksincabinetsfoundoneachsideoftheserpent.在入口附近欣赏一下瓦斯蒂克(Huastec)女神雕塑，然后直接去看展厅后部的柜子，那里装着一条双头蛇，由一整块松木制成，上面覆盖着小块绿松石马赛克。它的牙齿是由海贝制成，其牙龈和口鼻是用红色牡蛎壳制成，做工极为精美，在蛇的
36、两侧发现的两个柜子上的两个绿松石面具也是如此。HoaHakananaia|Room24失落的朋友(HoaHakananaia)|24号展厅Thismonumentalstatue,fromtheincrediblyremoteEasterIslandinthePacificocean,wastakenbythecrewofaBritishshipin1868.Itishardtoimaginehowtheymovedtheenormousstatue,madeofvolcanicrockandweig
38、25非洲藏品|25号展厅Althoughthiscollectioniseclectic,therearesuperbpieceshere,notablythe16th-centuryBeninPlaques.Theserectangularmetalpanelsservedasdecorationforthekingspalace,andtheyofferdepictionsofcourtlifeanditsrituals,butalsoofEuropeanadventurers,andofgodsan
39、dtheirattendants.Everyplaquehasastorytotell,offeringafascinatingglimpseintoacomplexsociety.DontgallerywithoutseeingthecontemporaryTreeofLife,a2004sculpturemadefromscivilwar.decommissionedweaponsfromMozambique虽然这个系列藏品兼收并蓄，但也有一流的物品，特别是16世纪的贝宁铜板(BeninPlaques)。这些矩形
40、金属板块是国王宫殿的装饰，它们描述了宫廷生活及其仪式，以及欧洲令人得以瞥见到一个复杂探险家、神和神的侍从。每个板块都有一个故事要讲，非常迷人，来了这个展厅，就一定要看看当代作品“生命之树”(TreeOf曷fe)l2004,年的雕塑，由莫桑比克内战中废弃的武器制成。UnexpectedlyQuietSpots意外的安静地点Ifyouneedabreakfromthecrowds,thereareafewplacesthatalwaysseempeaceful.如果你需要远离人群，休息一下，有几个地方看上去总是那么平静。THEENLIGHTENMENTG
41、ALLERIES|ROOMS1AND2启蒙运动馆|1号和2号展厅Theselonggalleries,outfittedwithoakandmahoganyfloors,classicalcolumns,balconiesandglass-frontedbookcases,offerasenseofanotherera.Theywereaddedtotheoriginalmuseumin1823toholdKingGeorgeIIIscollectionofover60,000books,and
42、nowhouseacabinetofcuriositiesthatrepresenttheinsatiablecuriosityandinvestigativespiritoftheAgeofReason,froma350,000-year-oldhandaxto18th-centuryplantspecimens.Inmanyways,theEnlightenmentGalleriesfeellikeanothermuseumaltogether,andtheyaremostlytranquilandhush
44、casesateachendofthemuseumandspendsometimelookingattheartworkthateveryoneelsewalkspast.TheNorthstairsfeatureanextraordinarywhitemarbleAmitabhaBuddhafromnorthernChinathatrisesthroughthemuseumsfourstories.TheWeststairsboaststunningmosaicpanelsfromthe4than
46、ints,datingbackto1400.Thedisplayhereisalwayschanging,butyoucanasktoseeanyoftheprints,intheadjacentstudyroom.Consulttheonlinearchiveaheadoftime.印刷馆隐藏在四楼，它拥有一个惊人的档案库，收藏着超过溯到1400年。这里的展品总是在变动，但你可以要求在旁边的研究室内观看任何印刷品，不过要事先研究在线档案。INTIMATETREASURES内部珍品CarvedJadeTerrapinF
47、romAllahabad|Room34阿拉哈巴德玉龟(CarvedJadeTerrapinFromAllahabad)|34号展厅This90-poundterrapiniscarvedfromasinglepieceofgreenjadeandwasfoundatthebottomofawatercisternduringengineeringexcavationsin1803.Thewonderfullylifelikepieceisthoughttobefromtheearly1600s.No
48、tehowtheslightlyoff-centerheadcreatestheimpressionthatthecreatureismovingforward.这只90磅的水龟是用一块绿玉雕刻出来的，1803年一次工程挖掘期间，人们在一个水箱底部发现了它。这件栩栩如生的物品被认为来自17世纪初。注意稍微偏向一侧的头部是怎样给人带来它正在向前移动的感觉。ChineseCeramicTombGuardians|Room33中国守墓陶俑|33号展厅Lookatthedetailandvarietyofthesecolor-glaz
49、edburialfiguresfromtheTangdynasty(A.D.618-906).Therearetwoguardianfigures,calledlokapala,amilitaryofficial,acivilofficialandtwofantasticalbeasts.Dontoverlookthebirdofpreyonthemilitaryofficialshat.这些彩釉墓葬俑来自唐朝(公元618-906年)，注意它们的细节和种类。有两个守卫者，称为“天王”，还有一位军事官员，一位民事官员和两头
50、神兽。不要漏过军官帽子上的猛禽。PaintingandCalligraphyGallery|Room91a绘画书法馆|91a号展厅ThischangingdisplayofpaintingandcalligraphyfromChinaincludesthedelicatelywrought“AdmonitionsScroll”(A-4.D0.63),4a4nearlyexampleoftheintegrationoftheartsofpoetry,paintingandcalligraphy.Adigitalinter
51、activeversionisavailablewhenthescrollisnotondisplay.这个中国绘画和书法展厅的展品随时都有变化，其中包括精美的女史箴图(公元344-406年)，这是诗歌、绘画和书法艺术融合的早期例子。当这幅图不出展时，可以观看它的数字交互版本。GemsFromUr|Room56乌尔的珍宝|56号展厅Theseitemsarefromoneoftheearliestcitiesintheworld,UrinMesopotamia,anddatebacktoaround2500B.C.
52、TheStandardofUrisabox,withinlaidmosaicshowingincrediblyelaboratewarscenesononesideandscenesoftributeandbanquetingontheother.TheRoyalGameofUr,alsoknownastheGameof20Squares,isoneoftheoldestgamingboardsinexistence(andshowsthatboardgameswereaspopul
54、timetoseetheGreekandRomangalleries,headhereforacondensedlookatartifactsfromatimewhentheGreekworldwasatitsheightofpower,influenceandartisticpatronage,underAlexandertheGreat(around330B.C.).LookforthebeautifulmarblestatueofDemeterandthedecoratedcolumnfrag
56、StrategizeyourvisittotheBritishMuseumtomakeitadaytheyllneverforgeteither.安排好参观计划，给他们也留下一个难忘的回忆。DONTLEAVETHEKIDSATHOME别把孩子留在家里TheBritishMuseumisparticularlychild-friendly.Thefamilydeskprovidesbackpackswithsuggestedchild-appropriateroutes,notesontheobjectstheywi
57、llswebsiteoffersasee,andsmallcoloringbooks.Digitalguides($7)providegamesthatarelinkedtodifferentdisplays,bestsuitedtothoseunder10.Themuseumcalendaroffamilyeventsandsuggestionsofchild-friendlyactivities.Ifyouwanttopickafewthingstoseeonyourown,hereare
58、foursuggestions.Onenote:Dontrydotoomuchwithchildren-themuseumislargeandusuallycrowded,andtherearentmanyplacestositdown.Oneortwowell-chosenspotswillprobablybeenoughforvisitorsunder10.Remember,youcancomebackitsfree!大英博物馆是格外照顾孩子的。家庭服务台提供的背包有关于适合孩子的参观路线建议，介绍了他
60、edbytherichlydecoratedandcarvedsarcofagithatfillthisroom-andcharmedbythesacredanimals（cats,bullsandcrocodilesamongthem）thatwerealsomummified.听起来可能有点恐怖，但是这个摆满了装饰华丽的雕刻石棺的展厅，孩子们肯定着迷的不得了那些同样被制成木乃伊的神兽（猫、牛和鳄鱼等等）也会很吸引他们。THELEWISCHESSMEN|ROOM40路易斯西洋棋|40号展厅Theseelaborately