1、Free,GroundFloor，includingLevel0-2)、(UpperFloor，includingLevel3-5)、(LowerFloor，includingLevel-1、-2,Atotalofmorethan100showrooms,Africapavilion,pavilion,pavilionofancientEgypt,ancientGreekandRomanpavilion,pavilioninAsia,Europe,theMiddleEastpavilion,specialex
2、hibitionhall,HistoryoftheBritishMuseum,Establishedin1753.Themuseumfirstopenedtothepublicon15January1759inMontaguHouseinBloomsbury,onthesiteofthecurrentmuseumbuilding.ItsexpansionoverthefollowingtwoandahalfcenturieswaslargelyaresultofanexpandingBritish
3、colonialfootprintandhasresultedinthecreationofseveralbranchinstitutions,thefirstbeingtheBritishMuseum(NaturalHistory)inSouthKensingtonin1887.Until1997,whentheBritishLibrary(previouslycenteredontheRoundReadingRoom)movedtoanewsite,theBritishMuseumwasunique
4、inthatithousedbothanationalmuseumofantiquitiesandanationallibraryinthesamebuilding.Themuseumisanon-departmentalpublicbodysponsoredbytheDepartmentforCulture,MediaandSport,andaswithallothernationalmuseumsintheUnitedKingdomitchargesnoadmissionfee.Since
5、2002thedirectorofthemuseumhasbeenNeilMacGregor.TheBritishMuseumisamuseumofhumanhistoryandcultureinLondon.Itscollections,whichnumbermorethan7millionobjects.areamongstthelargestandmostcomprehensiveintheworldandoriginatefromallcontinents,illustratingand
6、documentingthestoryofhumanculturefromitsbeginningtothepresent,threetreasuresoftheBritishMuseum,TheRosettaStoneofEgypt埃及罗塞塔石碑,Thecollectionwasmadein196BC,afternapoleonsdefeatinEgypt,BritainacquiredoneofthemostpreciousculturalrelicsinEgypt.Thestonetableth
7、asthesamecontentinGreek,theancientEgyptianandtemporalpopularwritingsystem.ItsanimportantmilestonetoresearchancientEgyptianhistory,TheElginMarbles埃尔金大理石雕塑,TheElginMarblesispartoftheancientGreekParthenonsculpturesandarchitecturalremnants,sofarhasahistoryofm
8、orethan2500years.TheElginmarblesisoneofthemostrepresentativeexhibitsoftheBritishmuseum,AdmonitionsScroll女史箴图,AdmonitionsScrollistheearliestChinesesilkpainting,hasthemilestonesignificanceinChinesearthistory.ItisthisfortheQingempire,theQianlongemperorslove,
9、hiddenintheoldSummerPalace.In1860,BritishandFrenchtroopsinvadedBeijing,BritisharmystolenitfromtheoldSummerPalace.ItsoneofthemostimportantOrientalculturalrelicsintheBritishmuseum,SignificanceoftheBritishMuseum,1.确定了博物馆的公共地位，“既不属于国王、也不属于教会、更不属于贵族”，而是属于英国全体国民，成为了
10、“典范意义的博物馆”。1.Determinethemuseumspublicstatus,doesnotbelongtotheking,anddonotbelongtothechurch,moredonotbelongtothearistocracy,butbelongstotheEnglishthenation,hasbecometheapotheosisofmuseum.2.集中了历代英国知名收藏家的藏品，几乎把百科全书具象化，特别是在博物学领域，和百科全书共同对人类进行了现代化启蒙。2.Focuson
11、thecollectionofthewell-knownBritishcollectorthroughtheages,almostputtheencyclopediavisualization,especiallyinthefieldofnaturalhistory,withtheencyclopediamadethemodernenlightenmentforhumantogether,3.采取免费或者极低收费策略，塑造了博物馆公益事业的形象。3.Takeafreeorlow-coststrategy,shapin
12、gtheimageofthemuseumofpublicwelfareundertakings.4.同卢浮宫、埃尔米塔什博物馆和大都会博物馆一起构建了物质文化领域的殖民主义世界文化秩序，自身则构建了英国在近代的世界霸主地位。4.WiththeLouvremuseumandthemetropolitanmuseumofarttogethertobuildthefieldofmaterialcultureinthecolonialismworldsculturalorder,itselfisbuiltinmodernBritishdominanceintheworld.5.以大英博物馆为首的英国博物馆体系仍然是世界博物馆界的主流（虽然法国人会根本不承认），是世界博物馆发展的动力源泉之一。5.TheBritishmuseumsystem,