使用VMware16RHEL7.7虚拟机静默安装Oracle19cRAC

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe-c-s3GB-alsilogic-t2"D:\VMware_File\Sharedisk19C\share-ocr01.vmdk"vmware-vdiskmanager.exe-c-s3GB-alsilogic-t2"D:\VMware_File\Sharedisk19C\share-ocr02.vmdk"vmware-vdiskmanager.exe-c-s3GB-alsilogic-t2"D:\VMware_File\Sharedisk19C\share-ocr03.vmdk"vmware-vdiskmanager.exe-c-s10GB-alsilogic-t2"D:\VMware_File\Sharedisk19C\share-data01.vmdk"vmware-vdiskmanager.exe-c-s10GB-alsilogic-t2"D:\VMware_File\Sharedisk19C\share-data02.vmdk"vmware-vdiskmanager.exe-c-s10GB-alsilogic-t2"D:\VMware_File\Sharedisk19C\share-arch01.vmdk"以管理员运行cmd命令行进入到VMware安装目录下执行以上命令

分别将以下配置添加至两台主机的vmx配置文件

cdetc/yum.repos.d/cat<>etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo[rhel7]name=jiekexurepobaseurl=file:///mnt/dvd/gpgcheck=0EOFyumcleanallyumlist|grepzsh4.2配置多路径

##安装multipath

yuminstall-ydevice-mapper*

#生成配置文件

mpathconf--enable--with_multipathdy

#查看状态

systemctlstatusmultipathd.service

#创建多路径开机自启动服务

systemctlenablemultipathd.service

[root@jiekexu-r1mapper]#multipath-v3|grep3600Aug2221:16:59|sdb:uid=36000c29714156f014c53bf30fbcc4162(udev)Aug2221:16:59|sdc:uid=36000c296835807593a81c0c4597f64d6(udev)Aug2221:16:59|sdd:uid=36000c29760b3f5110218e88d0fe6710c(udev)Aug2221:16:59|sde:uid=36000c29c671fc199d01bebc6e05e3270(udev)Aug2221:16:59|sdf:uid=36000c291ffdcc7e2ea852fe4a4e29fcc(udev)Aug2221:16:59|sdg:uid=36000c29ddf7a88a288da95203aa0a929(udev)36000c29714156f014c53bf30fbcc416233:0:0:0sdb8:161undefundefVMware,36000c296835807593a81c0c4597f64d633:0:1:0sdc8:321undefundefVMware,36000c29760b3f5110218e88d0fe6710c33:0:2:0sdd8:481undefundefVMware,36000c29c671fc199d01bebc6e05e327033:0:3:0sde8:641undefundefVMware,36000c291ffdcc7e2ea852fe4a4e29fcc33:0:4:0sdf8:801undefundefVMware,36000c29ddf7a88a288da95203aa0a92933:0:5:0sdg8:961undefundefVMware,[root@jiekexu-r1repodata]#[root@jiekexu-r1repodata]#mpathconfmultipathisenabledfind_multipathsisenableduser_friendly_namesisenableddm_multipathmoduleisloadedmultipathdisrunning

/etc/sysctl.d/97-oracle-database-sysctl.conf

如果没有cvuqdisk，群集验证实用程序(CVU)将无法找到共享磁盘，并且在运行群集验证实用程序时将收到“Packagecvuqdisknotinstalled”错误。对于您的硬件(例如，x86_64或i386)，请使用cvuqdiskRPM。

分别使用grid和oracle用户调用sshUserSetup.sh脚本配置SSHconnectivity，根据提示输入密码Oracle_19C。

$cd$ORACLE_HOME/oui/prov/resources/scripts$./sshUserSetup.sh-usergrid-hosts"jiekexu-r1jiekexu-r2"-advanced-confirm-noPromptPassphrasecd/u01/app/19.0.0/grid/oui/prov/resources/scripts$./sshUserSetup.sh-useroracle-hosts"jiekexu-r1jiekexu-r2"-advanced-confirm-noPromptPassphrase分别使用grid和oracle用户验证SSHconnectivity：$forhinjiekexu-r1jiekexu-r1-privjiekexu-r2jiekexu-r2-priv;dossh-lgrid-oStrictHostKeyChecking=no$hdate;done$forhinjiekexu-r1jiekexu-r1-privjiekexu-r2jiekexu-r2-priv;dossh-loracle-oStrictHostKeyChecking=no$hdate;done6.3GI配置预检查

在配置GRID前，使用grid用户执行runcluvf.sh脚本检查环境，修复不满足安装需求的项。

1.创建交换分区的文件:增加2G大小的交换分区，则命令写法如下，其中的count等于想要的块大小。

#ddif=/dev/zeroof=/home/swapfilebs=1Mcount=2048

2.设置交换分区文件:

#mkswaphome/swapfile#建立swap的文件系统

3.立即启用交换分区文件:

#swaponhome/swapfile#启用swap文件

4.使系统开机时自启用，在文件/etc/fstab中添加一行：

echo'/home/swapfileswapswapdefaults00'>>etc/fstab

5.完成

[root@jiekexu-r2soft]#lvmdiskscan/dev/sda1[1.00GiB]/dev/sda2[<99.00GiB]LVMphysicalvolume/dev/asm_data01[10.00GiB]/dev/asm_ocr02[3.00GiB]/dev/asm_ocr01[3.00GiB]/dev/asm_data02[10.00GiB]/dev/asm_arch01[10.00GiB]/dev/asm_ocr03[3.00GiB]0disks7partitions0LVMphysicalvolumewholedisks1LVMphysicalvolume响应文件位置

/u01/app/19.0.0/grid/install/response

${ORACLE_HOME}/install/response/gridsetup.rsp

参数说明：

oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=网卡名:公网IP地址段:1,私网网卡名:私网IP地址段:5

这里的1代表PUBLIC，5代表ASM&PRIVATE

#############################################################################oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=#############################################################################ThevalueshouldbeacommaseparatedstringswhereeachstringisasshownbelowInterfaceName:SubnetAddress:InterfaceTypewhereInterfaceTypecanbeeither"1","2","3","4",or"5"InterfaceTypestandforthefollowingvalues1:PUBLIC2:PRIVATE3:DONOTUSE4:ASM5:ASM&PRIVATE#Forexample:eth0:140.87.24.0:1,eth1:10.2.1.0:2,eth2:140.87.52.0:3#############################################################################12.2:PostupgradestepsforGridinfrastructurereportsINS-32601error(DocID2380863.1)6.5执行补丁和GI安装

Youcanfindthelogofthisinstallsessionat:/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/GridSetupActions2021-08-30_08-16-41PM/gridSetupActions2021-08-30_08-16-41PM.logAsarootuser,executethefollowingscript(s):1./u01/app/19.0.0/grid/root.shExecute/u01/app/19.0.0/grid/root.shonthefollowingnodes:[jiekexu-r1,jiekexu-r2]Runthescriptonthelocalnodefirst.Aftersuccessfulcompletion,youcanstartthescriptinparallelonallothernodes.SuccessfullySetupSoftwarewithwarning(s).Asinstalluser,executethefollowingcommandtocompletetheconfiguration./u01/app/19.0.0/grid/gridSetup.sh-executeConfigTools-responseFile/u01/app/19.0.0/grid/install/response/gridsetup.rsp[-silent]

6.5.1root脚本执行

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/19.0.0/grid/root.sh

ORA-39511:StartofCRSresourceforinstance'215'failedwitherror:[CRS-2672:Attemptingtostart'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip'on'jiekexu-r1'oracle.sysman.assistants.util.sqlEngine.SQLFatalErrorException:ORA-39511:StartofCRSresourceforinstance'215'failedwitherror:[CRS-2672:Attemptingtostart'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip'on'jiekexu-r1'6.5.2卸载GI

如果脚本执行错误，重复执行也无法修复时，则需要使用deinstall卸载重新安装。

unzipLINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip-d$ORACLE_HOMEcd$ORACLE_HOME/OPatchmvOPatch/OPatch.bakcp-r/home/soft/OPatch/./两节点均需配置，使用ifconfig或iplinkshow查看mac地址。修改文件/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-ipoib.rules

cat>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33<<"EOF"DEVICE=ens33NAME=ens33IPADDR=10.10.10.128NETMASK=255.255.255.0ONBOOT=yesUSERCTL=noBOOTPROTO=staticHWADDR=00:0c:29:e4:ce:73TYPE=EthernetIPV6INIT=noDNS1=114.114.114.114DNS2=8.8.8.8NM_CONTROLLED=noEOF重跑root.sh

节点2执行root.sh也成功了，兴奋中……

[root@jiekexu-r1~]#systemctlstatusoracle-ohasd.serviceoracle-ohasd.service-OracleHighAvailabilityServicesLoaded:loaded(/etc/systemd/system/oracle-ohasd.service;enabled;vendorpreset:disabled)Drop-In:/etc/systemd/system/oracle-ohasd.service.d+-00_oracle-ohasd.confActive:active(running)sinceThu2021-09-0210:55:47CST;37minagoMainPID:1638(init.ohasd)CGroup:/system.slice/oracle-ohasd.service+-1638/bin/sh/etc/init.d/init.ohasdrun>/dev/null2>&1

根据6.5.1节前的内容，执行完root.sh脚本，执行executeConfigTools配置，更新节点信息。

创建磁盘组可使用图形化asmca创建，也可以使用asmca-silent静默创建，更可以使用SQL语句创建。

在这里创建3个磁盘组：

OCR:存放OCRvoting文件。AUsize4MB，redundanceNORMAL。

DATA:存放数据文件等。AUsize4MB，redundanceEXTERNAL。

ARCH:存放归档日志和镜像的ONLINELOGFILE。redundanceEXTERNAL。

#创建DATA磁盘组

查看创建日志发现执行了以下的创建SQL语句，并且两节点均已挂载。

ALTERSYSTEMSETasm_diskstring='/dev/asm_'SID='';selectnamefromv$parameterwhereisdefault='FALSE'unionselectnamefromv$system_parameterwhereismodified='MODIFIED';CREATEDISKGROUPDATAEXTERNALREDUNDANCYDISK'/dev/asm_data01'SIZE10240MDISK'/dev/asm_data02'SIZE10240MATTRIBUTE'compatible.asm'='19.0.0.0.0','compatible.advm'='19.0.0.0','au_size'='4M';#创建ARCH磁盘组

asmca-silent-createDiskGroup-sysAsmPasswordOracle_19c-asmsnmpPasswordOracle_19c-oui_internal-diskString'/dev/asm_*'-diskGroupNameARCH-diskList/dev/asm_arch01-redundancyEXTERNAL-au_size4-compatible.asm19.0.0.0.0以下是官方文档SQL创建磁盘组示例：

ExampleCreatingtheFRAdiskgroupCREATEDISKGROUPfraNORMALREDUNDANCYDISK'/devices/diskc*';CREATEDISKGROUPdataexternalREDUNDANCYDISK'/dev/asmdisks/asm-data'ATTRIBUTE'au_size'='4M','compatible.asm'='19.0','compatible.rdbms'='19.0','compatible.advm'='19.0';CREATEDISKGROUPfraexternalREDUNDANCYDISK'/dev/asmdisks/asm-fra'ATTRIBUTE'au_size'='4M','compatible.asm'='19.0','compatible.rdbms'='19.0','compatible.advm'='19.0';图形化创建比较简单就不演示了；创建完磁盘组后，检查磁盘组DATA兼容性.

su-gridsqlplus/assysasmselectGROUP_NUMBER,name,valuefromv$asm_attributewhereGROUP_NUMBER=2andnamelike'compatible%';GROUP_NUMBERNAMEVALUE------------------------------------------------------------2compatible.asm19.0.0.0.02compatible.rdbms10.1.0.0.02compatible.advm19.0.0.0.0修改兼容性ALTERDISKGROUPDATASETATTRIBUTE'compatible.rdbms'='19.0.0.0.0';8.安装DB软件

[root@jiekexu-r1soft]#chownoracle:oinstallLINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip[root@jiekexu-r1soft]#chown-Roracle:oinstallOPatch$unzipLINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip-d$ORACLE_HOME8.2替换OPatch

mv$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch.bakcp-rOPatch$ORACLE_HOME$opatchversionOPatchVersion:12.2.0.1.25OPatchsucceeded.8.3使用RU静默安装DB软件

卸载DB软件很简单$ORACLE_HOME/deinstall/deinstall根据提示先回车然后y继续，等待一会儿则卸载完毕，dbhome清理完成。再次安装时需要新建，然后解压软件。

mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1unzipLINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip-d$ORACLE_HOME8.4静默创建实例

字符集为32UTF8

DBCA建库

非容器数据库创建方法：

dbca-silent-createDatabase\-templateNameGeneral_Purpose.dbc\-gdbnameJiekeXu-responseFileNO_VALUE\-characterSetAL32UTF8\-sysPasswordOracle19c\-systemPasswordOracle19c\-createAsContainerDatabasefalse\-databaseTypeMULTIPURPOSE\-automaticMemoryManagementfalse\-totalMemory8192\-redoLogFileSize1024\-emConfigurationNONE\-ignorePreReqs\-nodelistjiekexu-r1,jiekexu-r2\-storageTypeASM\-diskGroupName+DATA\-asmsnmpPasswordOracle19c\-recoveryAreaDestinationNONEPDB容器数据库创建方法：

dbca-silent-createDatabase\-templateNameGeneral_Purpose.dbc\-gdbnameJiekeXu-responseFileNO_VALUE\-characterSetAL32UTF8\-sysPasswordOracle_19C\-systemPasswordOracle_19C\-createAsContainerDatabasetrue\-numberOfPDBs1\-pdbNameJiekeXupdb1\-pdbAdminPasswordOracle_19C\-databaseTypeMULTIPURPOSE\-automaticMemoryManagementfalse\-totalMemory1500\-redoLogFileSize200\-emConfigurationNONE\-ignorePreReqs\-nodelistjiekexu-r1,jiekexu-r2\-storageTypeASM\-diskGroupName+DATA\-asmsnmpPasswordOracle_19C\-recoveryAreaDestinationNONE本次创建容器数据库。

静默删除数据库实例

dbca-silent-deleteDatabase-sourceDBJiekeXu-sysDBAUserNameSYS-sysDBAPasswordOracle19c8.5数据库状态检查

8.5.4连接测试

cd$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/adminviglogin.sqlsetlinesize250setpagesize9999colNameformata80colownerformata30colfile_namefora88settermoutoffALTERSESSIONSETnls_date_format='yyyy-mm-ddHH24:MI:SS';settermoutonsetserveroutputonsize1000000setlong2000settimeonsettimingondefine_editor=visetsqlprompt"_user'@'_connect_identifier>"8.7安装rlwrap

*安装rlwrap包实现sqlplus历史命令上下翻转回退等操作。*

先使用yum安装readline（一定要安装成功）然后编译安装rlwrap

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