Hello,ladiesandgentlemen,welcometoShaanxiHistoryMuseum.AndIamyourtourguide,namedLihua,youcanalsocallmeAlice.
First,Iwanttogiveyouabriefintroductionofthismuseum.ShaanxiHistoryMuseumisasizablenationalmuseumwithawiderangeofartifacts.Themuseumshowsagreatdealofeleganceandoriginalityinstyle.ItwasdesignedbyZhangJinqiu,averyfamousfemalearchitectinChina.
NowweareinthePrefaceHall.Herewecanseeagiantlionandthreebigpictures.ThegiantstonewalkinglionwasoriginallyerectedinfrontofShunlingMausoleum.ItrepresentstheculturalexchangebetweenChinaandothercountries.ThemassivepictureshowsthesurgingandroaringYellowRiverandthevastLoessPlateau,thehabitofShaanxiresidentsandthecandleoftheirancientcivilization.
Ok,wearegoingtothefirstgallery.ThefirstsectionfocusesonthehistoryofthePrehistoricAge.HereistheLiantianApe-man,thefossilofahumanskullinLiantian.ItwastheearliestknownHomoerectusinNorthAsia.Andthisisthepaintedpottery.Therearealotofsymbolsontheedgeofit.
Next,wearegoingtotheZhouDynastywhichwasaslavesociety.Thebronzecastingtechnologywasinthehighperiod,sowealsocallittheBronzeAgeinChinesehistory.The“ding”ortripod,whichisacookingutensilofancienttimes,isthesymbolofpowerandrank.Divinationhadtobepracticedforallmajoractivitiesatthattime.Arecordofthedivinationresultswascarvedontothetortoise-shelloranimalbone,whichformedChina’searliestwrittenscript,knownas“oracleboneinscription”.Herewecanalsoseesomeotherartifacts,liketheChimeBell,winevessels.
Andnext,let’scometotheQinDynasty.AgriculturewasintegraltotheeconomyoftheQinstate.Theironimplementsunearthedfromthesiteindecatethatironwareswidelyusedinsteadofbronzewares.Hereweseeatigertally（虎符）.Thebodyofitcanbedividedintotwohalves.TheleftwasheldbythegeneralwhiletherightwasheldbytheEmperor.Whenbothpieceswerematchedtogether,thegeneralwasallowedtomovethearmy.Wecanalsoseeabronzeswordwhichkeepsitssharpnessandglitterwithoutasignofrustafterbeingburiedfor2000years.
Well,then,wecometotheHanDynasty.ThisisaveryimportanthistoricalstageinChina’shistory.TheHannationalitywasofficiallyformedduringthisperiod.Sodidthelanguages.TheHancityofChang’anwasthefirstinternationalmetropolisinChinesehistory.TheHanDynastyalsopaidgreatattentionstoagricultureandanimalhusbandry.Here,wecanseeanationaltreasure---aJadeSeal(皇后玉玺).ThisonebelongedtoaqueeninHanDynasty,calledLvZhi,shewasaverypowerfulwomanatthattime.Andthegoldandsilvercenserisanothernationaltreasure.Well,ThislampwasveryfamousinHanDynasty.Atthattimepeoplelitanoillightontheroundpart.Thesmokewouldcollectinthestemandthenwouldbefilteredinthewaterfilledbody.
Next,wecometotheWei,theJin,theSouthandNorthDynasties.Itwasthemostturbulentperiodinancienttimes.Therewerewarsofunificationandnationaldivision.Thismultifacetedsealismadeofjet,andthereare26facesalltogether.TheownerofitwasDuguxin.Histhreedaughterswererespectivelymarriedtothreeemperors.Therefore,peoplecallhimasthefirstfatherinlawinancientChina.
WewillgotothethirdgalleryoftheSuiandTangDynasties.TheSuiandTangDynastieswasaperiodwhenChina’sfeudalsocietywasattheheightofitspowerandsplendor.ItalsomarkedagoldenerainthehistoryofShaanxi.TheSuiDynastywasaveryshortperiod,butitmadeastrongbaseforthedevelopmentoftheTangDynasty.Comparedwithotherdynasties,theTangDynastygothighmarksforitseconomy,politics,andcultureandsoon.SonextwewillseesomehandicraftsoftheTangDynasty.HereistheTangtri-coloredglazedPottery,whichbroughtChinesepotterycraftintoanewstage.AndoneofthebestqualitiesofnationaltreasureisthisLotus-flowerdesigngolden-bowl.Therearemanydesigncutsonbackofthelotus,suchasdragon,phoenix,anddeerandsoon.Itshowsustheroyaltechnologywasveryhigh.Well,thisisafresco,called“ChineseOfficialsandForeignEnvoys”.ItshowstheactiveexchangeoffriendlyanddiplomaticvisitbetweenChinaandothercountriesduringtheTangDynasty.
Ok,ladiesandgentlemen,hereisanationaltreasureandisasymbolofourmuseum---theOx-headedAgateCup.Itwasmadeoutofonewholepieceofagate.Thisoneisoneofthemostvaluablenationaltreasuresinourmuseum.
Andintheend,let’scometotheSong,Yuan,MingandQingDynasties.Sincethesongdynasty,Xi’anisnolongerthecapitalbutstillveryimportant.Hereisanationaltreasure---theGreenGlazedBottomoftheSongDynasty.Thiskettleisnotonlybeautiful,butalsohasaprincipleofthepotbottom.
Ok,everyone!Somuchforthistoday!Westillhavesomefreetime.Sonext,youcanlookaroundandtakesomepictures.We’llleaveat2o’clock,sopleasedonotbelate.AndI’llstayhere,ifyouhaveanyquestion,pleaseaskme.Bytheway,watchyourstepplease!Sonext,it’syourturn.Thankyouforlistening.
陕西历史博物馆您好，女士们，先生们，欢迎来到陕西历史博物馆。我是你的导游，叫李华，你也可以叫我李道。首先，我想给你介绍一下这个博物馆。