1、ThepalacemuseumTheForbiddenCity-陈美均NO:Nowadays,whenwetalkaboutit,manyChinesepeoplewillcallit“ThePalaceMuseum”,butinmanywesterncountries,almosteverybrochurewhichintroducestheoldpalacestilluseitsoldname“TheForbiddenCity”.Whatthemostwesternpeopleinterest
2、edinistoexplorethemysteriousatmosphereofancientChineseroyalfamilythatwaspresentedinthemovieTheLastEmperorandorientalfeudalautocraticsystem(封建帝制)IntroductionThisisthepalacemuseum;alsoknowasthePurpleForbiddenCity.Itisthelargestandmostwellreservedimperial
3、residenceinChinatoday.UnderMingEmperorYongle,constructionbeganin1406.Ittook14yearstobuildtheForbiddenCity.(theHallofSupremeHarmony)(theHallofCompleteHarmony)(theHallofPreservingHarmony)TheforbiddencitySightseeigmap午门theMeridianGatetothesouth东华门TheDongH
4、uaGatetotheeast西华门TheXiHuaGatetothewest神武门Thespiritualvalourtothenorth(thePalaceofHeavenlyPurity)thehallofunionthePalaceofEarthlyTranquilityIntroductionAmongthefivegreatestpalacesintheworld,theForbiddenCityranksfirst.LyingatthecenterofBeijing,theFor
5、biddenCity,wastheimperialpalaceduringtheMingandQingdynasties.Rectangularinshape,itistheworldslargestpalacecomplexandcovers74hectares.Theensemble(整体布局)Traditionally,theForbiddenCityisdividedintotwoparts.TheOuterCourtandInnerCourt.TheInnerCourtincludesth
6、enorthernsections,andwastheresidenceoftheEmperorandhisfamily,andwasusedforday-to-dayaffairsofstate.TheOuterCourtwaswheretheemperorexercisedhissupremepoweroverthenation.SomefamoushallsTheHallofSupremeHarmony(太和殿)TheHallofCentralHarmony(中和殿)TheHallofP
7、reservingHarmony(保和殿)TheHallofSupremeHarmony(太和殿)EnteringTaihemen,youwillseeTaihedian(HallofSupremeHarmony)acrossthespacioussquare,whichcoversof30,000squaremeters.Standingonathree-tiermarbleterrace,thisgrandesttimberframeworkeverinChinaisoverwhelming.TheHall
8、ofCentralHarmony(中和殿)TheZhonghedianislocatedbetweentheTaihedianandtheBaohedian.Thesethreehalls,knownastheThreeGreatHallsoftheOuterCourt,areonthecentralaxis(轴)oftheForbiddenCity.TheZhonghedianservedasaplaceforrestfortheemperorwhenhewasonhiswaytohold
9、ceremoniesinZhonghedianThePurpleForbiddenCityisthelargestandmostwellreservedimperialresidenceinChinatoday.Itwasbuiltbeginin1406andittook14yearstobuiltit.ThefirstrulerwhoactuallylivedherewasMingEmperorZhudi.Northtosouthis961meters,and753metersfrom
10、easttowest.Andtheareaofabout725,000squaremeters.AndtheForbiddenCitywasrecognizedasaworldculturallegacy.BeijingForbiddenCityisalsotheheadoftheworldstopfivepalace.TheHallofSupremeHarmony(太和殿)Thisisthemostgrandioseone.Andthistempleareaisthelargestone
11、ofvariousinForbiddenCity.Thistempleistheplacewheretheemperorheldamajorceremony.TheHallofCompleteHarmony(中和殿)Thistempleisaplacewheretheemperortotakeabreakbeforetheceremonyanddoapre-exercise。TheHallofPreservingHarmony(保和殿)ThiswasaplacewheretheannualNe
12、wYearsEveemperorsentertainedtheotherkings.Atthesametime,thefinalimperialexaminationwasheldhere.PalaceofHeavenlyPurity(乾清宫)TheHallofUnion(交泰殿)PalaceofEarthlyTranquility(坤宁宫)TheGateofDevineMightTheMeridianGateGateXiHuaGateDongHuaGatesTheGateofDevineMight(神武门)Th
13、eMeridianGate(午门)故宫角楼风姿美观的斗拱中和殿太和殿乾清宫午门马道午门马道收藏文物100万件收藏文物100万件收藏文物100万件Wanttoknowmore/故宫博物院InsideTheForbiddenCityNationalGeographicChannelHaveavisitBaohedian,theHallofPreservedHarmony,standsatthenorthernendofthethree-tiermarbleterrace.SimilarinstylebutsomewhatsmallerthantheHallofSupremeHarmony,itislargerthantheHallofCentralHarmony.Itwasbuiltin1420,rebuiltin1625andrenovatedin1765.In1789,themidpointoftheQingdynasty,EmperorQianlongdecidedthefinalstageofthePalaceExaminationshouldbetransferredfromtheTaihed