1、中山大学新理5.0英语自主学习大厅第四册第一单元D套答案B4U1-DPartIListeningComprehension(15minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartenstatements.Numbers1to6arebasedonTextAwhiletherestarebasedonTextB.EachstatementwillbereadONLYONCE.Listencarefullyanddecidewhethereach
2、statementistrueorfalse.1.A)TB)FScript:BothNapoleonandHitlerfailedintheirinvasionofRussiabecauseoftheraw,bitter,bleakRussianwinter.正确答案：A2.A)TB)FScript:IninvasionofRussia,Napoleonledawell-trainedandwell-equippedarmy,andused“lightningwar”tactics.正确
3、答案：B3.A)TB)FScript:InthefaceofNapoleonsassault,theRussiansretreatedeastwardwithoutresistance.正确答案：A4.A)TB)FScript:AfterNapoleoncapturedthecapitalofRussia,hewasveryhappybecauseFrencharmycouldgetalotoftreasurethere.正确答案：B5.A)TB)FScript:WhenNapo
4、leonsGrandArmyattackedMoscow,theRussianslaunchedhit-and-runattacksontheFrenchfromfieldsandforests.正确答案：B6.A)TB)FScript:AttheBerezinaRiver,NapoleonsGrandArmyfailedtoescapebecausetheRussiansburntthebridgesovertheswollenriver.正确答案：B7.A)TB)FScript:The
5、purposeoftheNormandyLandingswasonlytofreeFrenchpeoplefromtheoccupationofGermanarmy.正确答案：B8.A)TB)FScript:Althoughtheweatherof5Junewasbad,GeneralEisenhowergavetheorderoftheinvasionofNormandy.正确答案：B9.A)TB)FScript:Atthebeginningoftheassault,theG
6、ermanarmyweretakencompletelybysurpriseonlybecauseofthebadweather.正确答案：B10.A)TB)FScript:TheAlliedforcesledbyGeneralEisenhowersucceededintheNormandyLandingsafterovercomingmanydifficultiescausedbybadweather.正确答案：ASectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwill
7、hearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdt
8、ime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.TheWinterWarwasamilitaryconflictbetweentheSovietUnionandFinland.ItbeganwithaSoviet(11)_on30November1939andendedon13March1940withtheMoscowPeace(12)_.TheLeagueofNationsdeemedtheattack(13)_andexpelledtheSovietUn
9、ionfromtheLeagueon14December1939.TheSovietforceshadthreetimesasmanysoldiersastheFinns,30timesasmanyaircraft,andahundredtimesasmanytanks.TheRedArmy,however,hadbeen(14)_bySovietleaderJosephStalinsGreatPurgeof1937,reducingthearmys(15)_andefficiencys
10、hortlybeforetheoutbreakofthefighting.Withmorethan30,000ofitsarmyofficers(16)_orimprisoned,includingmostofthoseofthehighestranks,theRedArmyin1939hadmany(17)_seniorofficers.Becauseofthesefactors,and(18)_andmoraleintheFinnishforces,Finlandwasabletores
11、isttheSovietinvasionforfarlongerthantheSovietsexpected.HostilitiesceasedinMarch1940withthesigningoftheMoscowPeaceTreaty.Finlandceded11%ofitspre-warterritoryand30%ofitseconomicassetstotheSovietUnion.Sovietlossesonthefrontwereheavy,andthecountrys(19)_
12、.TheSovietforcesdidnotaccomplishtheirobjectiveofthetotalconquestofFinland,butdid(20)_alongLakeLadogatoprovideabufferforLeningrad.TheFinns,however,retainedtheirsovereigntyandenhancedtheirinternationalreputation.Script:TheWinterWarwasamilitaryconflictbetw
13、eentheSovietUnionandFinland.ItbeganwithaSovietoffensiveon30November1939andendedon13March1940withtheMoscowPeaceTreaty.TheLeagueofNationsdeemedtheattackillegalandexpelledtheSovietUnionfromtheLeagueon14December1939.TheSovietforceshadthreetimesasmany
14、soldiersastheFinns,30timesasmanyaircraft,andahundredtimesasmanytanks.TheRedArmy,however,hadbeencrippledbySovietleaderJosephStalinsGreatPurgeof1937,reducingthearmysmoraleandefficiencyshortlybeforetheoutbreakofthefighting.Withmorethan30,000ofitsarmy
15、officersexecutedorimprisoned,includingmostofthoseofthehighestranks,theRedArmyin1939hadmanyinexperiencedseniorofficers.Becauseofthesefactors,andhighcommitmentandmoraleintheFinnishforces,FinlandwasabletoresisttheSovietinvasionforfarlongerthantheSovietse
16、xpected.HostilitiesceasedinMarch1940withthesigningoftheMoscowPeaceTreaty.Finlandceded11%ofitspre-warterritoryand30%ofitseconomicassetstotheSovietUnion.Sovietlossesonthefrontwereheavy,andthecountrysinternationalreputationsuffered.TheSovietforcesdidnota
17、ccomplishtheirobjectiveofthetotalconquestofFinland,butdidgainsufficientterritoryalongLakeLadogatoprovideabufferforLeningrad.TheFinns,however,retainedtheirsovereigntyandenhancedtheirinternationalreputation.正确答案：offensive正确答案：Treaty正确答案：illegal正确答案：crippled正确答
18、案：morale正确答案：executed正确答案：inexperienced正确答案：highcommitment正确答案：internationalreputationsuffered正确答案：gainsufficientterritoryPartIIReadingComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithseveralblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordf
19、oreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.AsHitlersarmiesdrewcloserandcloserto
20、Moscow,anearly,severewinter21theSovietUnion,theharshestinyears.Temperaturesdroppedtominus48degreesCelsius.Heavysnowsfell.TheGermansoldiers,completely22fortheRussianwinter,frozeintheirlightsummer23.TheGermantankslay24intheheavysnowbanks.TheRussianwint
21、erbroughttheGermanoffensive25.Bythesummerof1942,Hitlerhadlaunchedtwonew26.Inthesouth,theGermanscapturedSevastopol.HitlerthenpushedeasttoStalingrad,agreatindustrialcitythatstretchedfor48kilometersalongtheVolgaRiver.Despitegreatsuffering,Sovietdefenders
22、refusedto27Stalingrad.InNovember1942,theRussianslauncheda28.WithlittleornoshelterfromthewintercoldinandaroundStalingrad,Germantroopswerefurtherweakenedbyalackoffoodandsupplies.NotuntilJanuary1943didtheGermansgiveuptheirsiege.Ofthethreehundredthou
23、sandGermansattackingStalingrad,onlyninetythousand29soldierswereleft.ThelossofthebattleforStalingradfinally30againstHitler.TheGermanvictorieswereover,thanksinparttotheRussianwinter.A)uniformsB)settledoverC)toahaltD)counterattackE)unpreparedF)siegeG)buriedH
24、)giveupI)offensivesJ)droppedK)capturedL)thanksM)turnedthetideN)shelterO)starving21._正确答案：B22._正确答案：E23._正确答案：A24._正确答案：G25._正确答案：C26._正确答案：I27._正确答案：H28._正确答案：D29._正确答案：O30._正确答案：MSectionBDirections:Thereareseveralpassagesinthissection.Eachpassa
25、geisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Weareallinclinedtobelievethatourgenerationismorecivilizedt
26、hanthegenerationthatprecededours.Fromtimetotime,thereisevensomesubstantialevidencethatweholdinhigherregardsuchcivilizedattributesascompassion,pity,remorse(懊悔),intelligenceandarespectforthecustomsofpeopledifferentfromourselves.WhywarthenSomepessimistich
27、istoriansthinkthewholesocietyofmanrunsincyclesandthatoneofthephasesiswar.Theoptimists,ontheotherhand,thinkwarisnotlikeaneclipse(日食)orafloodoraspellofbadweather.Theybelievethatitismorelikeadiseaseforwhichacurecouldbefoundifthecauseswereknow
28、n.Becausewaristheultimatedramaoflifeanddeathstoriesandpicturesofitaremoreinterestingthanthoseaboutpeace.Thisissotruethatallofus,andperhapsthoseofusintelevisionmorethanmost,areoftencaughtupintheactionofwartotheexclusionoftheideasofit.Ifitis
29、true,aswewouldliketothinkitis,thatourageismorecivilizedthanagespast,wemustallagreethatitsverystrangethatinthetwentiethcentury,ourcentury,wehavekilledmorethan70millionofourfellowmenonpurpose,atwar.Itisverystrangethatsince1900moremenhavekilledm
30、oreothermenthaninanyotherseventyyearsinhistory.Probablythereasonweareabletodoboth,thatis,believeontheonehandthatwearemorecivilizedandontheotherhandwagewartokillisthatkillingisnotsopersonalanaffairasitoncewas.Theenemyisinvisible.Onemandoesnt
31、lookanotherintheeyeandrunhimthroughwithasword.Theenemydeadoraliveislargelyunseen.Heiskilledbyremotecontrol:aloudnoise,adistantpuffofsmokeandthensilence.Thepicturesofthevictimswifeandchildren,whichhecarriesinhisbreastpocket,aredestroyedwithhim.
32、Heisnotheardtocryout.Thequestionofcompassionorpityorremorsedoesnotenterintoit.Theenemyisnotaman;heisastatistic.Itistrue,too,thatmorepeoplearebeingkilledatwarnowthanpreviouslybecausewerebetteratdoingitthanweusedtobe.Onemanwithonemodernweapo
33、ncankillthousands.31.Inmodernwarsmorepeoplegetkilledbecause_.A)peoplearemorecruelB)peopledontcareotherslivesC)peoplehavemoreadvancedweaponsD)peoplearemorecivilized正确答案：C32.InwhatwayarewemorecivilizedthantheancientsA)Wecankillmorepeople.B)Were
34、spectthosepeopledifferentfromus.C)Wehavemoreinterestingstoriesofwar.D)Wedontthinkofkillingasapersonalaffairanymore.正确答案：B33.Inmodernwartheenemyistreatedas_.A)ananimalB)avictimC)amanD)astatisticwithoutlife正确答案：D34.Howistheenemykilledinmodern
35、warA)Byanopponentrunninghimthroughwithasword.B)Byamanwhoknowshimwell.C)Byremotecontrol.D)Byapuffofsmoke.正确答案：C35.WhatistheattitudeoftheauthortowardwarA)Negative.B)Supportive.C)Neutral.D)Indifferent.正确答案：APassageTwoQuestions36to40arebasedo
36、nthefollowingpassage.Astraditionallygrown,underacanopy(株冠)ofshadetreesandamidothervegetation,coffeeisanenvironmentally-friendlycrop.Theshadetreesfixnitrogeninthesoil,fosteringthegrowthofthecoffeebushes,andtheirfallenleavesprovidenutrients,furtherreducing
37、theneedforchemicalfertilizers.Themixtureofvegetationpreventserosionandprotectsthecoffeefromharshweather.Incontrasttocornandcattle,whichalmostalwaysrequireclear-cutting,coffeecanbegrowninrelativeharmonywiththerainforest.Recently,however,manycoffeefarmersin
38、northernLatinAmericahavereducedoreliminatedshadetogrownewhigh-yieldingcoffeeplantsunderdirectsun.Fearofadiseaseknownascoffeeleafrustsparkedanearlyroundofconversions,mostofwhichtookplaceinthe1970s.Topreventthespreadofthedisease,coffeefarmerstechnified
39、,replacingolder,shade-lovingcoffeevarieties,withnewvarieties,packedintighthedgerows,thatcansurviveopensunbutonlywithchemicalinputs.CoffeeleafrustneverturnedouttobeamajorproblemforLatinAmerica.Toboostfarmersincomes,theU.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment
40、(USAID)spentsome$80millionfromthe1970stotheearly1990s,accordingtoareport(1996)fromtheSmithsonianMigratoryBirdCenterandtheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil,tohelpgrowersinCentralAmericaandtheCaribbeantechnify.IncountrieswhereUSAIDwasnotinvolved,nationalcof
41、feefederationspromotedthechange,supportingthetechnificationof69percentofColombiascoffeeandnearly40percentofCostaRicas.36.Growingcoffeeplantsundershade_.A)helpsthemabsorboxygenfromthesoilB)providesnutrientsforothertreesC)reducestheneedforchemicalfertili
42、zersD)createsamixtureofvegetation正确答案：C37.Coffeecanbegrownamidtherainforestbecause_.A)itcanstandharshweatherB)itcanbegrowntogetherwithotherplantsC)itdoesntneedanychemicalfertilizerD)itwillnoterodeintheforest正确答案：B38.Manycoffeefarmersshiftedto
43、growingcoffeeplantsunderdirectsuninthe1970s_.A)outofthefearofthespreadofcoffeeleafrustB)becauseitwasmoreprofitableC)asnewvarietiesofcoffeeplantsweredevelopedD)todecreasechemicalinputs正确答案：A39.Coffeeleafrust_.A)wasagreathittothecoffeeindustryB
44、)cannotbeeliminatedbychemicalfertilizersC)didntconstituteabigproblemforLatinAmericaD)endedthegrowinghistoryofshadecoffee正确答案：C40.Manycoffeefarmersturnedtosuncoffee_.A)asaresultofthewidespreadofcoffeeleafrustB)becauseitbroughtabouthigherprofitC)at
45、therequestofUSAIDD)withthedevelopmentoftechnology正确答案：BPartIIIVocabularyandStructure(10minutes)Directions:Thereareanumberofincompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence
46、.41.Thedoctorsdont_thathewilllivemuchlonger.A)articulateB)anticipateC)manifestD)monitor正确答案：B42.Thespeechwhichhemade_theprojecthasbotheredmegreatly.A)beingconcernedB)concernedC)concerningD)beconcerned正确答案：C43.Napoleonwassentinto_onanislandafter
47、hisfailureatWaterloo.A)exileB)excessC)excelD)access正确答案：A44.Heavysmokinganddrinkingwill_apersonshealth.A)taketollonB)taketollofC)takeitstollofD)takeitstollon正确答案：D45.The_figuresbelowarepresentedbothinnumbersandasapercentofthetotalforcesm
48、obilized.A)causalitiesB)casualtyC)casualD)casuals正确答案：B46.Thedefeatedenemysoldiershadto_fromthebattlefieldtothemountain.A)drawB)retreatC)returnD)retire正确答案：B47.Onedaytheladymetwithareal_whohadbeensleepingonthestreetsforyears.A)down-and-outB)do
49、wn-to-earthC)out-and-outD)in-and-out正确答案：A48.Theteachers_themselveswithplanningouttheworkofthecomingsemester.A)employedB)involvedC)occupiedD)engaged正确答案：C49.This_generalburntdownabuilding,regardlessofthewomenandchildreninit.A)militaryB)illegalC)cru
50、elD)violent正确答案：C50.Thenewsafetyregulationswereagreedonafter_withtheworkforce.A)conferenceB)interventionC)consultationD)assembly正确答案：C51.Thereisnodoubtthattheirsupportwill_inourcause.A)makeanimpactB)haveeffectC)bedifferentD)makeadifference正确答案：D52.Dontcountyourchickensbeforetheyre_.A)laidoutB)hatchedC)raisedD)grownup正确答案：B53.Itwasthefirsttimeshe_atsk