从小到大,只要提起写作文,老师都会要求我们要做到“逻辑严谨”“结构完整”。对于语文作文,想做到这点其实是挺难的,因为中文是意合语言,要考虑到每两句话之间内在的逻辑。但是在写英语作文的时候则容易得多!因为英语是一种“形合语言”,我们所需要做的就是运用“换词大法”将作文从形式上+内容上进行全面升级!
首先我们来看一看如何在形式上运用“换词大法”,我们将目前常用的过渡词根据具体用法的不同,分成九类。此时的“换词”意味着扔掉你那干瘪生硬的英语,在句子之间加上一些“过渡词”,让句子在形式上更完整。
1.解释过渡词
(1)Theproblem,inthiscase,ishardtosolve.
(2)Furthermore,severalpeopletelephonedthesamenight.
如下,是关于家庭消费结构变化的作文。
TheaveragefamilyincomeinourKangmingCityincreasedfrom8,000yuanperyearin1998to20,000yuanin2008.Inthemeantime,thestructureoftheaveragefamilyexpenseshaschanged,too.Thesegraphsshowthechangeclearly.
下面这句是大家常用的“现象解释型”议论文的开头模式:
Recently,wehavemadeasurveyofthepeopleonphysicaltraining.Only35percentofthepeoplesurveyedhavetakenpartinphysicalactivities.
3.强调过渡词
如果你说完一个道理,感觉表达的不完整,想要强调一下,那么你应该使用“强调过渡词”,如:certainly,indeed,aboveall,surely,mostimportant
(1)Indeed,adessertisalwaysenjoyable.
(2)Aboveall,donotbuildanopenfireinaforest.
4.转折过渡词
【but,however,although,though,yet,exceptfor】
(1)Yettherewasstillachancethathewouldwin.
(2)Exceptforonegirl,allthehikersreturned.
5.举例过渡词
【forexample,forinstance,thus,such,next】
(1)Forinstance,atelegramoftencostsmorethanatelephonecall.
(2)Thusthetripfinallybegan.
6.递进或补充过渡词
【inaddition,furthermore,also,moreover,yet】
(1)Inaddition,thetourstopsinVancouver.
(2)Furthermore,thetimeforregistrationhasbeenextended.
7.顺序的过渡词
【first,second,third,afterward(s)(后来),meanwhile(几乎同时),thereafter(在那以后),last,finally,eventually(终于)】
(1)First,youmailinanapplication.Second,youaskforanappointment.Third,yousendthemthreepersonalreferences.
(2)Thenyoucometoatrafficlightandturnright.
8.比较过渡词
【like,inthesameway,similarly,equallyimportant,too】
(1)Inthesameway,welookforagooddoctor.
(2)Similarly,theThaisenjoyspicyfoods.
9.对比过渡词
【unlike,incontrast,whereas,ontheotherhand,instead】
(1)Incontrast,theredfluiddoesnotloseitscolor.
(2)Thehusbandwantedaboy,whereasthewifewantedagirl.
此外,从内容上进行“换词”也必不可少,毕竟很多同学都面临着词汇量匮乏的情况,那些用到“恶心”的词语如何才能华丽大转身呢?我们可以先看看此种“换词大法”的三点注意事项,打起精神来牢记吧!
【注1】拒绝冗长,力求实用!听我一席话,省下十本书!
【注2】箭头左边是原词,右边是推荐的换词,有多个换词的一般按照难易程度排列,可以按照你目前的英文水平选择一两个使用。
换词大法
1.like→befondof/becrazyabout/delightin/rejoicein
/takepleasurein/appreciate/
2.all+名词复数(如students)→everysinglestudent【注意名词单复数变化】
3.thinkabout/consider→takeintoaccount
4.wanttodosth→intendtodosth/tendtodosth
/beinclinedtodosth./belongingfordoingsth./bethirstfordoingsth
5.moreandmore+n.→n.+in/growing/increasing
/significant/numbers
6.moreandmore+adj(如important)→increasinglyimportant
7.most+n.(如student)→anoverwhelminglymajorityof
asignificantproportionof
asizablepercentageof
8.not→bynomeans的不完全倒装句型。
【例】Bynomeansshallwegiveuptrying.我们决绝能停止努力。
【注】bynomeans可以用在“正装”句型中,如:Thisisbynomeansagoodwaytosolvetheproblem.这绝不是解决问题的最好方法。
9.shoulddo→besupposedtodo
10.good-->excellent
11.wantsth→desiresth.高级词汇使情感强度更加具体
12.but→nevertheless/nonetheless高级词汇使情感强度更加具体(“尽管如此,但是...”)
Howthingshavechanged!(大转折,用于句首,替换But.)
13.always→consistently/constantly/continually/eternally/perpetually
14.enough→abundant/adequate/sufficient
15.important→essential/vital/crucial/fundamental/indispensable
16.now→nowadays/thesedays/recently
17.really→undoubtedly/absolutely
18.very→extremely/surprisingly//unusually/excessively