2022年高考英语真题试卷（全国甲卷）
一、阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选
项。（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
（2022全国甲卷）阅读理解
TheatresandEntertainment
StDavid'sHall
StDavid'sHallistheawardwinningNationalConcertHallofWalesstandingattheveryheartof
Cardiffsentertainmentcentre.Withanimpressive2,000-seatconcerthall,StDavid'sHallishometothe
annualWelshPromsCardiff.Itpresentsliveentertainment,includingpop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,
worldmusic,filmsandclassicalmusic.
TheHayes,CardiffCF101AH
www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk
TheGleeClub
Everyweekendthisis"Wales"premiercomedyclubwherehavingagreattimeistheorderforboth
audiencesandcomedystarsalike.Itishardtonameacomedystarwhohasn'tbeenonthestagehere.Ifyou
arelookingforthebestcomediesontourandbrilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthere.
MermaidQuay,CardiffBay,CardiffCF105BZ
www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
ShermanCymru
ShermanCymru'stheatreintheCathaysareaofCardiffreopenedinFebruary2012.Thisspecial
buildingisaplaceinwhichtheatreismadeandwherechildren,artists,writersandanyoneelsehavethe
opportunity（机会）todocreativethings.ShermanCymruisexcitedtopresentapackedprogrammeofthe
verybesttheatre,dance,familyshowsandmusicfromWalesandtherestoftheworld.
SenghennyddRoad,CardiffCF244YE
www.shermancymru.co.uk
NewTheatre
TheNewTheatrehasbeenthehomeofqualitydrama,musicals,danceandchildren'sshowsformore
than100years.PresentingthebestoftheWestEndalongwiththepickoftheUK'stouringshows,theNew
TheatreisCardiffsoldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatre.Besuretopayavisitaspartofyourstayinthecity.
ParkPlace,CardiffCF103LN
www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
1.WhereistheWelshPromsCardiffhosted
A.AttheNewTheatre.B.AttheGleeClub.
C.AtShermanCymru.D.AtStDavid'sHall.
2.WhatcanpeopledoattheGleeClub
A.Watchmusicals.B.Enjoycomedies.
C.Seefamilyshows.D.Docreativethings.
3.WhichwebsitecanyouvisittolearnaboutCardiffsoldestsurvivingtheatre
A.www.newtheatrecardiff.co.ukB.www.shermancymru.co.uk
C.www.glee.co.uk/cardiffD.www.stdavidshalleardiff.co.uk
Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilar
shape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirds
haveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwith
aboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole"inageometricshape,andthebirdswere
givenfivedifferentlyshapednkeys"tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect"key"wouldletoutthenut.
Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbe
anotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical（对称的）shapes,hisabilityto
recognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan"allocentric
frameofreference0.Intheexperiment,Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,in
mostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthan
monkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin'scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeof
referencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.
Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyon
visualclues（线索）,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.
4.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment
A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.
C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.
5.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext
A.Usingakeytounlockadoor.B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.
C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.
6.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos
A.Howfartheyareabletosee.
B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.
C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.
D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.
7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext
A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearners
C.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters
AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins
（企鹅）longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobe
atripGinniwouldneverforget.
Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer（职业）
asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurtherWhensheretiredfrom
dancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.
AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,
eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecould
getlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,the
southernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland."Ijustdecidedwantedtogo,"shesays."Ihadnoidea
aboutwhatI'dfindthereandIwasn'tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalways
preferitthatway."
InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe'dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourney
towardsAntarctica."Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.
Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,"Ginnisays.HIrememberthefirsttimeIsawa
humpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.
Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater."
Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthat
hithometoGinni.
8.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"taketheplunge'1underlinedinparagraph2
A.Trychallengingthings.B.Takeadegree.
C.Bringbacklostmemories.D.Sticktoapromise.
9.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica
A.Lovelypenguins.BBeautifulscenery.
C.Adiscountfare.D.Afriend'sinvitation.
10.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney
A.Itcouldbeahomeforher.B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.
C.Itshouldbewellpreserved.D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.
11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout
A.Achildhooddream.B.Anunforgettableexperience.
C.Sailingaroundtheworld.D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.
Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscoveredits
harbor.Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredtotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere-broadparks,
superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.
AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Ispentthe
wholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,
andwewentourseparateways-heforalunchbreak,Itoexplorethecity.
"Filmisstheseoldboats/*hesaidasweparted.
"Howdoyoumean"Iasked.
nOh,they'rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey'renotsoelegant,and
they'renotfuntopilot.Hutthat*sprogress,Iguess.1'
EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords（口号），andtraditionsare
increasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity'sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe
1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.HSydneyisconfused
aboutitself,"shesaid."Wecan'tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditional
one.Itrsaconflictthatwearen'tgettinganybetteratresolving（解决）
Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImet
athoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony."Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry,"he
toldme.nWhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheir
culture,theGreekssome3000years,andtheChinesemorestill.We*vegotafoundationbuiltonancient
culturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It'saprettyhardcombinationtobeat."
Heisright,butIcan'thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.
12.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout
A.Sydney'sstrikingarchitecture.
B.TheculturaldiversityofSydney.
C.ThekeytoSydney*sdevelopment.
D.Sydney'stouristattractionsinthe1960s.
13.WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds
A.Hegoestoworkbyboat.B.Helooksforwardtoanewlife.
C.Hepilotscatamaranswell.D.Heisattachedtotheoldferries.
14.WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney
A.Itislosingitstraditions.B.Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.
C.Itshouldexpanditspopulation.D.Itisbecomingmoreinternational.
15.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith
A.Acitycanbeyoungandcadatthesametime.
BAcitybuiltonancientculturesismoredynamic.
C.modernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofelegance.
D.Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign.
二、阅读理解第二节（5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2022全国甲卷）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余选项。
ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDicingOut
Culturaldiningetiquette（礼节）mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.一
16.Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily-no
matterwhereyouareintheworld.
ChopstickRules
Thewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyouputthem
downbetweenbite,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontof
you.17.________
HandsorUtensils（餐具）
InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it'sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFrance
expectyoutocatwithautensilineachhand.18.insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.Inchide,
youmaynevertouchanyfbolwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirjerksonlytopush
foodontotheirspoons.
MakingRequests
19..InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon't
liketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.
Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantin
variouscountries.20.,themoreconfortableyou'llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractice.
A.Themorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetime
B.Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry
C.Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensils
D.Don*tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurant
E.It'sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplate
F.Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem
G.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal
三、语言知识运用第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2022全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空
白处的最佳选项。
Youcantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogs.
Formanyyears,Ienjoyedlivingwithmydogs,TillyandChance.Their21.wasnearlyenough
tokeepmylonelinessatbay,Nearly.Lastyear.Istarteddating,butwith22..WhenIfirstdated
Steve,I23.hehadadog.Molly,andacat,Flora.WhileIwas24.thathewasananimal
lover,125.thatthreedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmightattack26.,thecat.
Thenextweekwe27.ourdogstogether.Itwasahotday.Whenwepausedtocatchour__
28.,Stevegotdownononeknee.Washeproposing（求婚）？Ilikedhimtoo.Butso29.He
pouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.30.,Ibegantofallforhim.
We31.todate,thoughneitherofusbroughtupthefuture.AndtheninlateNovember,Tilly
hadanoperationonher32..Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday,andIworriedthatTilly___
33.climbingthestairscouldreopenthewound.ThenSteve34,hishouse.Allworked___
35,.Thethreedogsformedapackthat,withcoaching,36.Flora*sspace;SteveandIformeda
goodteam37.forTilly.Wemadegoodhousemates.
Ayearlater,muchtomy38.thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome.He
didnotkneel（Efe）down,nordidI39.himto.That'sonlyforgiving40.tothedogsthat
broughtustogether.
21.A.ownershipB.membershipC.companionshipD.leadership
22.A.reservationsB.expectationsC.confidenceD.prejudice
23.A.fearedB.doubtedC.hopedD.learned
24.A.unsatisfiedB.amusedC.terrifiedD.thrilled
25.A.predictedB.worriedC.regrettedD.insisted
26.A.FloraB.ChanceC.MollyD.Tilly
27.A.tiedB.walkedC.bathedD.fed
28.A.breathB.balanceC.attentionD.imagination
29.A.calmB.sureC.soonD.realf
30.A.BythewayB.Inthatcase
C.ByallmeansD.Inthatmoment
31.A.continuedBdecidedC.intendedD.pretended
32.A.eyeB.tailC.earD.leg
33.A.secretlyB.constantlyC.eventuallyD.unwillingly
34.A.leftB.soldC.suggestedD.searched
35.A.lateB.hardC.fineD.free
36.A.emptiedB.respectedC.occupiedD.discovered
37.A.lookingB.caringC.waitingD.calling
38.A.delightB.creditC.interestD.disadvantage
39.A.begB.trustC.needD.aid
40.A.toysBawardsC.foodD.water
四、语言知识运用第二节（共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2022全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked（徒步）40daystoXi'an,ahafirststep_
41.（journey）theBeltandRoadroute（路线）byfoot.
Onthe1,100-Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,42.losthiseyesightattheage
ofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.InspiredbytheBeltandRoad
ForumforInteractionalCooperation43.（hold）inBeijing.Caodecidedtocovertherouteby
hikingasatribute（致敬）totheancientSilkRoad.44.friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobe
hiscompanionduringthetrip.
CaoandWualsocollectcdgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental_
45.（protect）.Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore_
46.（meaning）.Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1,000plasticbottlesalongthe40-day
journey.
Inthelastfivecars.Cao47.（walk）through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin
2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa's48.（high）mountain.
Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,
700kilometers49.Xi'antoKashgaronSpet20,50.（plan）tohikebackto
Xi'aninfivemonths.
五、写作第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.（2022全国甲卷）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换经改作文。请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
MyfatheroftentookmetohishospitalwhenIwasoffmyschool.Heshowedmehowhismedical
instrumentswasused.Ifeltsocloselytohim.However,afterIwenttohighschool,somehowIbecome
distantfromhim.Iwasunwillingtalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnotstayoutwithmyfriends
toolate.ThedisagreementwastoosharpthatneitherhenorIknewwhattosettleit.Oneday,hetalkedwith
meorhopedtomendourrelations.Withtheeffortsmadebyallsides,webegantounderstandeachother
better.
六、写作第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.（2022全国甲卷）你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。
内容包括：
1）海洋的重要性；
2）保护海洋的倡议。
注意：
1）词数100左右;
2）短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
答案解析部分
【答案】1.D
2.B
3.A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所。
1.考查细节理解。根据StDavid'sHall部分中的StDavid'sHallishometotheannualWelshProms
Cardiff!,David'sHall是Cardiff一年一度的WelshProms的举办地。可知，Cardiff的WelshProms活
动在StDavid'sHall举办。故选D。
2.考查细节理解。根据TheGleeClub部分中的“Ifyouarelookingforthebestcomediesontourand
brilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthere."如果你正在寻找巡演中最好的喜剧和精彩的现场音乐，你应
该从这里开始。可知，人们可以在TheGleeClub享受喜剧。故选B。
3.考查细节理解。根据NewTheatre部分中的"TheNewTheatrehasbeenthehomeofqualitydrama,
musicians,danceandchildren'sshowsformorethan100years/UOO多年来,NewTheatre一直是优质戏剧、
音乐家、舞蹈和儿童节目的发源地；以及最后一段“www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk”可知，可以在
www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk网站找到Cardiff存在最久的剧院。故选A。
【答案】4.B
5.C
6.D
7.D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考
生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选
出正确答案。
4.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveproved
skilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.”虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，它们
在关在笼子里时就能熟练地使用工具；以及“thebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped'keys'tochoose
from.Inserting,thecorrect'keys'wouldletoutthenut.”研究人员给了这些鸟5把形状各异的“钥匙"供它
们选择。插入，正确的“钥匙”会让坚果出来。可知，在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取
出坚果的。故选B。
5.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaround
oneyearofage”在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里。可知，
一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里''的任务。故选Co
6.考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhether
thecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.”根
据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们
的形状。可推知，后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。
7.考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Coffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,have
beenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.”科芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原
产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似。可推知，本文介绍了会识别形状的凤头
鹦鹉。“凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工”最适合作为本文标题。故选D。
【答案】8.A
9.C
10.C
11.B
【知识点】主旨大意题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了71岁的GinniBalinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，
渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅
程。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全
原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8.考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Throughouthercareer（职业）asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredinthe
UK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefbrther.”在她的职业舞蹈演员生涯中，她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进
一步探索；以及“Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest”当她不再跳舞，她
的儿子们最终独立生活。可知，Ginni在退休和儿子们成家立业之后，她决定尝试有挑战性的事情。
可推知，taketheplunge与trychallengingthings“尝试有挑战性的事I1青”意思接近。故选A。
9.考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheap
dealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTieradelFuego.”正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最
后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票。可知，是折扣的票价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅
行的。故选C。
10.考查细节理解。根据最后一段"Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,
wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.”意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，
这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一。可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。
11.考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Thesegentlelovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhat
wastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.”这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎了她，并开始了一次Ginni永远不
会忘记的旅行；以及倒数第二段GinniBalinton对南极之旅的评价可知，可知本文介绍了GinniBalinton
【答案】12.C
13.D
14.A
15.A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；夹叙夹议
【解析H分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，首先要
案。
12.考查段落大意。根据第一段中的"Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,
Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.,,20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市
发现了它的港口；以及“Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity."但是是港口造就了城市。可知，本段主
要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C。
13.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotSydney
ferryboatsforaliving.,930岁出头的AndrewReynolds是个快乐的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为
生；第三段中的'THmisstheseoldboats.”我会想念这些旧船的；以及第五段”中的Catamaransarefaster,
butthey9renotsoelegant,andtheyYenotfuntopDot.“双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有
趣。可知，渡轮领航员AndrewReynolds喜欢老式渡船。故选D。
14.考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity'sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinits
rushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.
悉尼的官方历史学家ShirleyFitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多
它的过去都抛在了一边，包括许多最漂亮的建筑。可推知，ShirleyFitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代
化，正在失去它的传统。故选A。
15.考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasits
attractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony."另一方面，同时
既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人Anthony时，我考虑到了这一点；以
及最后一段中的“Heisright”他说得没错。可推知，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市可以同时
既年轻又古老。故选A。
【答案】16.D；17.F；18.C；19.G；20.B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的
理解和推理判断能力。
本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。D.”Don、getcaughtmakinganembarrassing
mistakeatarestaurant”不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误''符合语境，同时引起下文“Knowingsometipswillhelp
ensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.“矢口道
一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方。故选
Do
17.根据本段小标题“ChopstickRules”使用筷子的规则；以及空前“Whenyouputthemdownbetween
bites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.“当你在
吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了。可
知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。F.Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouuse
them“不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注
意事项，符合语境，故选F。
18.根据本段小标题“HandsorUtensils（餐具）”手和餐具；空前“InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it's
consideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineach
hand.”在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭；以
及空后“insteadpreferringtousetheirhands”相反更愿意使用他们的双手。可知，此处在讲述不同国家就
餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。C.Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetocatwithutensils”墨西哥人认为用餐
具吃饭是不合适的‘'符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
19.根据本段小标题“MakingRequests”提请求；以及空后“InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,
becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon'tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextra
cheesetoaddtoyourfood.”在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味
技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪。可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出
要求是很无礼的。G.Itmayseemlikesimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal“吃饭时要盐和胡
椒看似很简单”说明在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的，符合此处语境，
故选G。
20.根据空后“themorecomfortableyou'llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices”你就会对它的外
国文化习俗感到越舒服。可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+
长''符合语境，引出下文。故选B。
【答案】21.C；22.A；23.D；24.D；25.B；26.A；27.B；28.A；29.C；30.D；31.A；
32.D；33.B；34.C；35.C；36.C；37.B；38.A；39.C；40.D
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他
很多，作者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，因为一次
遛狗时史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一
起照顾作者的爱犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，
是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推
理，从而选出正确答案。
21.句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A.ownership”所有权,'；B.membership”会员”；C.
companionship"陪伴";D.leadership”领导”。根据上文“Formanyyears,Ienjoyedlivingwithmydogs,Tilly
andChance.”多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起。可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一
起，可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。故选C。
22.句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A.reservations"保留"；B.expectations"期望”；C.confidence”信
心”；D.prejudice"偏见"。根据下文“Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.”
他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗；以及“Ibegantofallforhim”我开始爱上他。可知，作者是在
第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出刚
开始约会时，因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A。
23.句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫。A.
ffeared"恐惧B.doubted”怀疑”；C.hoped"希望”；D.learned"得知根据空前“WhenIfirstdatedSteve”
一只狗和一只猫。故选D。
24.句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。
A.unsatisfied”不满意的“；B.amused“愉快的”；C.terrified"害怕的“；D.thrilled”非常开心的根据空
后“hewasananimallover”他是一个动物爱好者，可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年和两只