[四级考试]12月17日大学英语四级考试解析!-吉林新东方
2016-12-2008:39
作者:吉林新东方
四级听力考试真题解析
吉林新东方国内考试部听力主讲:刘质彬老师
考试整体难度评价:中等偏简单。
SectionANewsItems(新闻听力材料)
第一篇:讲述关于苏格兰城堡所发生的情况;
第二篇:讲述矿井事故救援事件;
第三篇:讲述美国邮局业的收入下滑将关闭大量邮局的事件。
解题技巧:按照课上所讲过的新闻听力的解题三原则,既“开头原则、顺序原则、试听一致原则”,即可解决以上三篇新闻材料。
听力题干及答案(选项来自第一套题):
1.WhydidJohnmoveoutofthecastle
C.Itwasdangeroustolivein.
2.WhathappenedinScotlandlastWednesday
A.Astorm.
3.Whatdoesthenewsreportersayabouttheminers
D.Theywerestrappedinanundergroundelevator.
4.Whatdidtherescueteamdo
B.Theysentsuppliestokeeptheminerswarm.
5.WhatistheUSpostalserviceplanningtodo
C.Closesomeofitspostoffice.
6.Whatmeasurehasbeenplannedtosavecosts
D.StoppingmaildeliveryonSaturdays.
7.Whatwillhappenwhentheproposedmeasurecomesintoeffect
D.Manypostofficestaffwilllosetheirjobs.
SectionBLongConversation(长对话)
第一篇:关于如何处理一名迟到工作人员的商务对话。
第二篇:关于内敛冷漠的英国人的看法交谈。
解题技巧:长对话继续采用听力三原则,既“顺序原则、位置原则、试听一致原则”解题,通过对话交谈中所涉及的疑问、建议、因果、让步转折的含义可以很容易的判断答案的位置。
8.Whatwillhappentothepressoperatorwhoislateforworkaccordingtothewoman
A.Hewilllosepartofhispay.
9.WhatdoesthemansayaboutJohnwhostandsbythetimeclock
B.Heisatrustworthyguy.
10.Whydoesthemansuggestthewomanseetheworkerwhowaslate
C.Sheisbetterathandlingsuchmatters.
11.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutJackGreen
A.Heisalwaystryingtostiruptrouble.
12.WhatdoforeignersgenerallythinkofBritishPeopleaccordingtothewoman
B.Reserved.
13.WhatmayBritishpeopletypicallydoonatrainaccordingtotheman
C.Theystayquiet.
14.WhatdoesthemansayabouttheItalianwomanworkinginManchester
B.Shewasneverinvitedtoacolleague’shome.
15.WhydoBritishpeoplepreferhousestoflats
D.Housesprovidemoreprivacy.
SectionCPassage(短文听力)
第一篇:大学生如何在校园寻找兼职工作。
第二篇:肯尼亚新型茶叶的介绍。
第三篇:传统手工艺人的发展与介绍。
解题技巧:短文理解难度较大,主要涉及主旨题、细节题、推断题。注意听懂短文的开头主旨,以及按照位置、顺序原则判断出文中细节信息,依据试听一致原则,大胆预判答案,最终凭借题干问题确定最终答案。
16.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthecollegestudentsapplyingforacampusjob
A.Theywillautomaticallybegivenhiringpriority.
17.Whatcanstudentsdotofindacampusjobaccordingtothespeaker
A.Visittheschoolcareersservice.
18.Whatdoesthespeakersayisalibrarymonitorresponsibility
C.Supervisingstudyspacestoensureaquietatmosphere.
19.WhyhavetheteafarmersinKenyadecidedtogrowpurpletea
B.Itmaybesoldatahigherprice.
20.Whatdoresearcherssayaboutthepurpletea
D.Itishealthierthangreentea.
21.WhatisMr.Combarafoundaboutthepurpletea
A.Itdoesnothaveastablemarket.
22.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttoday’sconsumers
C.Theypreferuniqueobjectofhighquality.
23.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutgoodcraftsmeninthepast
B.Theycouldonlytrytocreateatnight.
24.Whatdocraftsmenhelpconsumersdo
B.Makewisechoices.
25.Whydostateartcouncilshelpsponsorlocalartsandcraftsfestival
D.Toboostthelocaleconomy.
四级写作考试真题解析
这是一道比较典型的解决(分析)问题型题目,题目中给出两个选项,要求给出选择和原因。解决(分析)问题型题目分三个类型,给原因、解决办法或两者兼有。这道题涉及到的就是第一种,给原因。那么我们在结构组织过程中就需要判断出每段需要写什么内容。首先在第一段给出背景,并引出题目,做出选择。第二段,给出2-3个选择某种工作的原因,进行适当解释。第三段,总结全文,写出因为什么原因,所以做出了怎样的选择。
注意本题不要和对比类题目混淆。并不是要求比较两种工作类型的优劣。只需要进行选择,并给出你选择的原因即可。
作文1
Jobselectionisabigissueforalmosteverygraduate.Ifaskedtomakeachoicebetweenstartingupmyownbusinessandsearchingajobelsewhere,Iwilldefinitelysidewiththelatterone.
Therearetwomainreasonsformychoice.First,establishinganewbusinessalwaysrequiresagreatdealofmoney;however,mostgraduatesdonothavethefundingsincetheyhavejuststeppedoutoftheuniversity.Iftheydesirethemoney,theyhavegottoaskthatfromparents,whichisaburdentothefamily.Second,ifonewantstobeabigpotatoinhisprofession,heorshemusthaveabundantexperienceintherelevantfield,whichisnotpossessedbythemajorityofgraduates.
Therefore,asastudentwhowillgraduatefromuniversitylackingfundingandexperience,Iwouldchoosetofindajobtocollecttheresources.
作文2
Jobselectionisabigissueforalmosteverygraduate.Ifaskedtomakeachoicebetweenastate-ownedenterpriseandajointventure,Iwilldefinitelysidewiththelatterone.
Therearetwomainreasonsformychoice.First,unlikestate-ownedbusiness,thejointventurecanprovideanenvironmentformetomeetmorechallengeandmakeincreasingprogress.Thecounterpartofstate-ownedbusinesshasarelativelycomfortablecircumstancewithsomeroutines,whichdoesn’tseemattractive.Second,mostjointventureshavesometechnologiesandmanagerialideasfromothercountries,whichisrelativelydifferentfromthatinChina,bringingfeelingsoffreshnesstoagraduatelikeme.
Inconclusion,duetotheoccupationpatternandworkingconcept,Isupposetheworkinjointventureappearsmoresuitabletome.
作文3
Jobselectionisabigissueforalmosteverygraduate.Ifaskedtomakeachoicebetweenfindingajobandcarryingonfurtherstudy,Iwilldefinitelysidewiththeformerone.
Therearetwomainreasonsformychoice.First,comparedwithspecializedknowledge,workexperienceseemsmoreusefulinworkplace.Manygraduateswithadvancedknowledgecannotadjusttotherealisticworkingcircumstanceduetolackofpracticalexperience.Second,gettinginvolvedinoccupationcanlessenfamilies’financialburdentocultivateauniversitygraduate.Besides,attendingjobsimmediatelyaftergraduationdoesn’tmeanoneisdeprivedoftheopportunitytoacquirefurtherstudy,sinceheorshecanstillparticipatesomevocationalcoursesafterwork.
Inconclusion,becauseofthesignificanceofworkingexperienceandthenecessityforagraduatetomakemoney,Iwillchoosetoworkaftergraduation.
四级翻译考试真题解析
吉林新东方国内考试部翻译主讲:伊海辉老师
第一篇:
在中国文化中,红色通常象征着好运,长寿和幸福。在春节和其他喜庆场合,红色到处可见。人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时,通常放在红信封里。红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把它与中国革命和在共产党相联系。然而,红色并不总是代表好运和快乐。因为从前死者的名字长用红色书写。用红墨水写中国人名字被看成是一种冒犯行为。
第一句:在中国文化中,红色通常象征着好运,长寿和幸福。
此句是一个主谓宾结构的简单句,谓语动词代表可表达为symbolize;standfor;represent三者皆可,宾语是三个并列名词,好运可表达为goodluck;fortune.长寿为longevity,幸福可表达为wellbeing;welfare或常见的happiness.用and或aswellas连接。
InChineseculture,redusuallysymbolizesgoodluck,longevityandwellbeing.
第二句:在春节和其他喜庆场合,红色到处可见。
第二句依然是个简单句,尤其要注意此处汉语是主动表被动的含义,主语的部分it指代前文出现过的红色体现句与句之间的衔接,其他喜庆场合表达为otherfestiveoccasions,其中festive是喜庆的意思。
ItcanbeseeneverywhereattheSpringFestivalandotherfestiveoccasions.
第三句:人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时,通常放在红信封里。
Sendingcashasagifttofamilymembersorclosefriends,peopletendtoputitinaredenvelope.
第四句:红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把它与中国革命和在共产党相联系。
前半句可使用大家比较熟悉的定语从句,但在表达在中国流行时,可用enjoypopularity,主句谓语动词选用liein,后半部分把“相联系”名词化,处理成itsassociationwiththeChineserevolutionaswellastheCommunistParty。
AnotherreasonwhyredenjoyspopularityamongChineseliesinitsassociationwiththeChineserevolutionaswellastheCommunistParty.
第五句与第六句:然而,红色并不总是代表好运和快乐。因为从前死者的名字长用红色书写。
第五句依然是一个简单句主谓宾结构,“不总是”译为notnecessarily,此处的“代表好运和快乐”翻译为representfortuneandhappiness,既避免和上文重复,又体现用词的多样性,由于第六句为原因,因此可整合成一句,用for连接,值得注意的是第六句汉语依然是主动表被动,因此要使用被动语态,并且注意第六句时态为一般过去时,之前可以用inthepast也可以用副词previously.
However,reddoesnotnecessarilyrepresentgoodluckandhappiness,fornamesofthedeadwerewritteninredpreviously.
第七句:用红墨水写中国人名字被看成是一种冒犯行为。
此句与之前一句是因果关系,因此为表达句子之间的逻辑,需添加asaresult或consequently。从字面大家就可以判断出,须用被动语态表达,而“被视作”也是大家比较熟悉的表达beseenas,一种冒犯行为就用anoffense表达即可。
Asaresult,writingChinesenamesinredinkisseenasanoffense.
第二篇:
随着中国的改革开放,如今许多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。新娘在婚礼上穿着白得的婚纱,因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。然而在中国传统文化中,白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。因此务必记住,百花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物,尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人。同样,礼金也不能装在白色信封里,而要装在红色信封里。
第一句:随着中国的改革开放,如今许多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。
DuetoChina'sreformandopeningup,numerousyoungstershaveapreferenceforWesternweddingrecently.
第二句:新娘在婚礼上穿着白得的婚纱,因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。
前半句“穿着...”用bedressedin,后半句表原因,可用for连接,且从字面就可看出要用被动语态来表达。
Thebrideisdressedinwhiteweddingdress,forwhiteisconsideredasymbolofpurity.
第三句:然而在中国传统文化中,白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。
前半句是状语部分,直接译出即可,后半句我们可以发现颜色一词定语过长,此时需考虑后置定语,因此要译为thecoloroftenusedinfuneral
However,inChinesetraditionalculture,whiteisthecoloroftenusedinfuneral.
第四句:因此务必记住,白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物,尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人。
前半句“务必记住”无主语,谓语为记住,宾语为后面的内容,这样我们可以添加主语或者直接使用被动语态,此处选用被动语态来表达,但被动语态中主语过长,需使用it做形式主语,构成主语从句,“祝人康复的礼物”,采用后置定语来处理译为“agifttowishforrehabilitation”
Therefore,ithastobeborninmindthatwhiteflowersmustnotbeusedasagifttowishforrehabilitation,especiallynottotheelderlyorcriticallyillpatients.
第五句:同样,礼金也不能装在白色信封里,而要装在红色信封里。
同样地,用similarly来表达,礼金译为cashgift,但要注意此处汉语主动表被动,应该使用被动语态来表达,“不是...而是”用not...but,还要注意的是第二次提及信封时可以用one来替代,避免重复。
Similarly,thecashgiftcannotbeplacedinawhiteenvelope,butinaredone.
第三篇:
在中国文化中,黄颜色是一种很重要的颜色,因为它具有独特的象征意义。在封建社会中,它象征统治者的权力和权威。那时,黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色,皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色,皇袍总是黄色的,而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的。在中国,黄色也是收获的象征。秋天庄稼成熟时,田野变得一片金黄。人们兴高采烈,庆祝丰收。
第一句:在中国文化中,黄颜色是一种很重要的颜色,因为它具有独特的象征意义。
第一句是一个简单的系表结构,表达重要的颜色时,可以把important名词化,变成后置定语,然后用with结构表达有独特的象征意义
InChineseculture,yellowisacolorofgreatimportancewithauniquesymbolicmeaning.
第二句与第三句:在封建社会中,它象征统治者的权力和权威。那时,黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色,皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色,皇袍总是黄色的,而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的。
第二句:“它象征统治者的权力和权威”可以译为一个介词短语“Asasymbolofpowerandauthorityoftheruler”第三句“在那时”指的就是在封建社会,可以进行整合,选择第三句作为句子的主干。第三句的后半部分“皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色,皇袍总是黄色的”整合成一个并列句写在一起,最后一个分句用while连接,与之前的内容形成对比,“被禁止做某事”译为:beprohibitedfromdoing。
Asasymbolofpowerandauthorityoftherulerinfeudalsociety,itwasusedbytheemperorexclusively.Theroyalpalacewaspaintedyellow,androyalgownswerealwaysyellow,whileordinarypeoplewereprohibitedfromdressinginyellow.
第四句:在中国,黄色也是收获的象征。
第四句是一个简单句,“thiscolor”指代上句的“黄色”,减少重复,“是...的象征”可以译为“asymbolof”,但和之前重复,因此此处选择动词symbolize来表达,避免重复且体现用词多样性
InChina,thiscolorsymbolizestheharvestaswell.
第五句:秋天庄稼成熟时,田野变得一片金黄。
Whencropsareripeinautumn,thefieldturnsgolden.
第六句:人们兴高采烈,庆祝丰收。
此句中,兴高采烈修饰的是庆祝,因此可以译为cheerfully或rapturously.
Peoplecelebratetheharvestcheerfully.
四级阅读考试真题解析
吉林新东方国内考试部写作主讲:葛壮老师
试卷三
SectionA
26.[A]absorb
27.[C]contribute
28.[K]levels
29.[G]explore
30.[M]picture
31.[O]voyage
32.[B]combined
33.[E]emissions
34.[D]depth
35.[N]unsure
beknowntodosth,由此可知第27题应该选动词原形,再根据后面的to,故将答案锁定为contribute,contribute…to…意思为是……的原因,有助于;为……做贡献;为……捐款;为……撰稿。
raising…为结果状语从句,意为导致了海平面的上升,故此空的答案为levels。
该句的前半句意思是海洋的表层(顶部)被研究得较为透彻,考生要谨记在做完形填空时,要做到上下文的对应,比对一下就可得知该空应该选择study的近义词,通观所有的选项,故选explore。
研究者搜集了150年的海洋温度数据,目的是要清晰地比对现在与过去的变化趋势,故不难推测出要做图来进行比对,因此该空的答案为picture。
31空后面有navalships这样的字眼,故能联想到该空应该与ships有关,因此该空的答案为voyage。
能与介词with搭配的形容词,通观所有的选项,只有combined,combinedwith意为结合,该短语在句中做插入语。
Fossilfuel为矿物燃料,燃烧矿物燃料排放出的废气会导致温室效应,故该空应该选择emissions。
Morethan700meters是一个长度,再看前文,亦有提示----itsdepths,故该空的答案为depth,atadepthof…意为在……的深度。
35空应填入一个形容词,再结合后面的宾语从句的引导词whether,故将答案锁定为unsure,要注意sure和unsure的宾语从句的引导词是不同的,sure的宾语从句引导词为that,unsure的宾语从句的引导词为whether,类似的词语还有doubt,考生要注意区分。
SectionB
36.[F]Theauthor'sexperimentshowsthatstudentswithafixedmind-setbelievehavingtoworkhardisanindicationoflowability.
【答案】[F]Aspredicted,thestudentswithagrowthmind-setfeltthatlearningwasmoreimportantgoalthangettinggoodgrades.Inaddition,theyheldhardworkinhighregard,Theyunderstoodthatevengeniuseshavetoworkhard.Confrontedbyasetbacksuchasadisappointingtestgrade,studentswithagrowthmind-setsaidtheywouldstudyharderortryadifferentstrategy.Thestudentswhoheldafixedmind-set,however,wereconcernedaboutlookingsmartwithlessregardforlearning.Theyhadnegativeviewsofeffort,believingthathavingtoworkhardwasasignoflowability.Theythoughtthatapersonwithtalentorintelligencedidnotneedtoworkhardtodowell.Attributingabadgradetotheirownlackofability,thosewithafixedmind-setsaidthatwouldstudylessinthefuture,trynevertotakethatsubjectagainandconsidercheatingonfuturetests.
37.[C]Focusingoneffortiseffectiveinhelpingchildrenovercomefrustrationandachievesuccess.
【答案】[C]Inparticular,attributingpoorperformancetoalackofabilitydepressesmotivationmorethandoesthebeliefthatlackofeffortistoblame.WhenItoldagroupofschoolchildrenwhodisplayedhelplessbehaviorthatalackofeffortledtotheirmistakesinmath,theylearnedtokeeptryingwhentheproblemsgottough.Anothergroupofhelplesschildrenwhoweresimplyrewardedfortheirsuccessoneasierproblemsdidnotimprovetheirabilitytosolveharmmathproblems.Theseexperimentsindicatedthatafocusoneffortcanhelpresolvehelplessnessandgeneratesuccess.
38.[I]Wecancultivateagrowthmind-setinchildrenbytellingsuccessstoriesthatemphasizehardworkandloveoflearning.
【答案】[I]Howdowetransmitagrowthmind-settoourchildrenOnewayisbytellingstoriesaboutachievementsthatresultfromhardwork.Forinstance,talkingaboutmathematicalgeniuses
Whoweremoreorlessbornthatwayputsstudentsinafixedmind-set,butmathematicianswhofellinlovewithmathanddevelopedamazingskillsproduceagrowthmind-set.
39.[B]Students'beliefaboutthecauseoftheirfailureexplainstheirattitudetowardssetbacks.
40.[G]Intheauthor'sexperiment,studentswithagrowthmind-setshowedgreaterperseveranceinsolvingdifficultmathproblems.
【答案】[G]Suchdifferentoutlookhadadramaticimpactonperformance.Atthestartofjuniorhigh,themathachievementtestscoresofthestudentswithagrowthmind-setwerecomparabletothethoseofstudentswhodisplayedafixedmind-set.Butastheworkbecamemoredifficult,thestudentswithagrowthmind-setshowedgreaterpersistence.Asaresult,theirmathgradesovertookthoseoftheotherstudentsbytheendofthefirstsemester-andthegapbetweenthetwogroupscontinuedtowidenduringthetwoyearswefollowedthem.
41.[E]Theauthorconductedanexperimenttofindoutabouttheinfluenceofstudents'mind-setsonmathlearning.
【答案】[E]WevalidatedtheseexpectationsinastudyinwhichtwootherpsychologistsandImonitored373studentfortwoyearsduringthetransitiontojuniorhighschool,whentheworkgetsmoredifficultandthegradingmorestrict,todeterminehowtheirmind-setsmightaffecttheirmathgrades.Atthebeginningofseventhgrade,weassessedthestudents'mind-setsbyaskingthemtoagreeordisagreewithstatementssuchas"Yourintelligenceissomethingverybasicaboutyouthatyoucan'treallychange."Wethenassessedtheirbeliefsaboutotheraspectsoflearningandlookedtoseewhathappenedtotheirgrades.
42.[A]Afterfallingagainandagain,mostanimalsgiveuphope.
【答案】[A]Ifirstbegantoinvestigatethebasisofhumanmotivation-andhowpeoplepersevereaftersetbacks-asapsychologygraduatestudentatYaleUniversityinthe1960s.AnimalexperimentsbypsychologistsattheUniversityofPennsylvaniahadshownthatafterrepeatedfailures,mostanimalsconcludethatasituationishopelessandbeyondtheircontrol.Aftersuchanexperienceananimaloftenremainspassiveevenwhenitcaneffectchange-astatetheycalledlearnedhelplessness.
43.[J]Informingstudentsaboutthebrainasalearningmachineisagoodstrategytoenhancetheirmotivationforlearning.
【答案】[J]Inaddition,parentsandteacherscanhelpchildrenbyprovidingexplicitinstructionregardingthemindasalearningmachine,Idesignedaneight-sessionworkshopfor91studentswhosemathgradesweredecliningintheirfirstyearofjuniorhigh.Forty-eightofthestudentsreceivedinstructioninstudyskillsonly,whereastheothersattendedacombinationofstudyskillssessionsandclassesinwhichtheylearnedaboutthegrowthmind-setandhowtoapplyittoschoolwork.Inthegrowthmind-setclasses,studentsreadanddiscussedanarticleentitled“YouCanGrowYourBrain.”Theyweretaughtthatthebrainislikeamusclethatgetsstrongerwithuseandthatlearningpromptsthebraintogrownewconnections.Fromsuchinstruction,manystudentsbegantoseethemselvesasagentsoftheirownbraindevelopment.Despitebeingunawarethatthereweretwotypesofinstruction,teachersreportedsignificantmotivationalchangesin27%ofthechildreninthegrowthmind-setworkshopascomparedwithonly9%ofstudentsinthecontrolgroup.
44.[D]Peoplewithafixedmind-setbelievethatone'sintelligenceisunchangeable.
【答案】[D]Later,Idevelopedabroadertheoryofwhatseparatesthetwogeneralclassesoflearners-helplessversusmastery-oriented.Irealizedthesedifferenttypesofstudentsnotonlyexplaintheirfailuresdifferently,buttheyalsoholddifferent“theories”ofintelligence.Thehelplessonesbelieveintelligenceisafixedcharacteristic:youhaveonlyacertainamount,andthat'sthat.Icallthisa"fixedmind-set(思维模式)."Mistakescracktheirself-confidencebecausetheyattributeerrorstoalackofability,whichtheyfeelpowerlesstochange.Theyavoidchallengesbecausechallengesmakemistakesmorelikely.Themastery-orientchildren,ontheotherhand,thinkintelligenceisnotfixedandcanbedevelopedthrougheducationandhardwork.Suchchildrenbelievechallengesareenergizingratherthanintimidating(令人生畏);
theyofferopportunitiestolearn.Studentswithsuchagrowthmind-setweredestined(注定)forgreatacademicsuccessandwerequitelikelytooutperformtheircounterparts
45.[H]Intheworkplace,feedbackmaynotbesowelcometomanagerswithafixedmind-set.
【答案】[H]Afixedmind-setcanalsohindercommunicationandprogressintheworkplaceanddiscourageorignoreconstructivecriticismandadvice.Researchshowsthatmanagerswhohaveafixedmind-setarelesslikelytoseekorwelcomefeedbackfromtheiremployeesthanaremanagerswithagrowthmind-set.
SectionC
PassageOne
46.[C]Theyweresubjecttotaxationalmosteverywhere.
47.[B]Theyfinditeverhardertocopewithsugar-inducedhealthproblems.