Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationamndthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
1.A)Heisastaffwriter.
B)Heisanadventurer.
C)Heisanauthoroffiction.
D)Heisafatheroffourkids.
2.A)Theyareinterestedinfairytales.
B)Theyarecuriousandautonomous
C)Theyareaheadachetotheirparents.
D)Theyareignorantofpolitics.
3.A)Heoffersthemampleeditorialguidance.
B)Herecommendsmodelessaystothem.
C)Hegivesthemencouragement.
D)Heteachesthemprofreading.
4.A)Hertastesinbookschanged.
B)Sherealizedthepowerofreading.
C)Herreadingopenedhereyestotheworld.
D)Shebegantoperceivetheworlddifferently.
Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.，
5.A)Sheisawebsitedesigner.
B)Sheisauniversitygraduate.
C)Sheisamainstreetstoreowner.
D)Sheisasuccessfulentrepreneur.
6.A)Theywererepeatedlyrejectedbyshops.
B)Theywerepopularwithherclassmates.
C)Theyshowedhernaturaltalent.
D)Theyweremostlyfailures.
7.A)Shehadastronginterestindoingit.
B)Shedidnotlikeready-madeclothes.
C)Shecouldnotfindclothesofhersize.
D)Shefoundclothesinshopsunaffordable.
8.A)Studyfashiondesignatcollege.
B)Improvehermarketingstrategy.
C)Adddesignsforwomen.
D)Expandherbusiness.
SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
9.A)Utilizingartificialintelligencetofindapowerfulnewantibiotic.
B)Discoveringbacteriawhichareresistanttoallknownantibiotics.
C)Identifyingbacterialstrainsthataremostharmfultohumanhealth.
D)Removingadeadlystrainofbacteriainhumanswithanewantibiotic.
10.A)Ever-increasingstrainsofbacteria.
B)Bacteria'sresistancetoantibiotics.
C)Thesimilaritybetweenknowndrugs.
D)Thegrowingthreatofbacteriatohealth.
11.A)Dispensewithexperimentaltesting.
B)Predictwhethercompoundsaretoxic.
C)Foreseehumanreactiontoantibiotics.
D)Combatbacteria'sresistancetoantibiotics.
Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
12.A)Bytheorization.
B)Bygeneralization.
C)Byobservation.
D)Byconversation.
13.A)Theyareeasytodetect.
B)Theyarewellintended.
C)Theyaregroundless.
D)Theyareharmless.
14.A)Mostlybychance.
B)Basicallyobjective.
C)Subjecttotheirmentalalertness.
D)Dependentontheiranalyticalability.
15.A)Lookingthespeakerintheeye.
B)Listeningcarefullytothespeaker.
C)Measuringthespeaker'sbreathingrate.
D)Focusingonthespeaker'sfacialexpressions.
SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.
16.A)Theydon'ttreatpatientswithduerespect.
B)Theywitnessalotofdoctor-patientconflicts.
C)Theyhavetodealwithsocialworkers'strikes.
D)Theydon'tcarehowmuchpatientshavetopay.
17.A)Appearsubmissiveandgratefultodoctorsandnurses.
B)Expressastrongdesiretobeconsultedorinformed.
C)Refrainfromsayinganythingthatsoundsnegative.
D)Notedownthenamesofallthedoctorsandnurses.
18.A)Cooperative.
B)Appreciative.
C)Passive.
D)Responsive.
Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.
19.A)Itsmembersworktogetherdespiterisksoffailure.
B)Itprioritizesrecruitingyoungenergeticmembers.
C)Itsmembersstayintouchevenafteritbreaksup.
D)Itgrowsmoreandmorematureprofessionally.
20.A)Theirdifferencesarelikelytoimpactproductivity.
B)Theirsimilarityisconducivetofuturecollaboration.
C)Theirconnectionsstrengthenwiththepassageoftime.
D)Theirmutualunderstandingstemsfromacommongoal.
21.A)Itischaracterizedbydiversity.
B)Itsgoalsarequiteinconsistent.
C)Itsmembershavesimilarbackgrounds.
D)Itisconnectedbyauniquemechanism.
Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.
22.A)Puttingasidetwentypercentofone'searnings.
B)Spendinginanticipationofbecomingwealthy.
C)Livingoffasmallproportionofone'sincome.
D)Savingasmuchasonecanpossiblymanage.
23.A)Itempowersthemtocopewithirrationalemotions.
B)Itwillguaranteetheprofitsfromtheirinvestments.
C)Itwillturmthemintosuccessfulfinancialplanners.
D)Itenablesthemtofocusonlong-terminvestments.
24.A)Theycountonotherstotaketheresponsibility.
B)Theychangetheirinvestmentstrategyintime.
C)Theythinktheythemselvesaretoblame.
D)Theypersistratherthangetdiscouraged.
25.A)Theydonotresistnovellifestyles.
B)Theydonottrytokeepupwithothers.
C)Theydonotcarewhattheyhaveacquired.
D)Theydonotpressurethemselvestogetrich.
PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)
Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter:PleasemarkthecorrespondingleterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.loumaynoluseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.ThecityofBathwasfoundedbytheRomansalmosttwothousandyearsago.Ithasbeenfamousforits26pleasingarchitectureandhealingthermalspringseversince.TherearethreehotspringsinBath;oneistheKing'sSpring,uponwhichtheRomanBathsandatemplewere27.TheothertwoaretheCrossSpringandtheHetlingSpring,closetoeachotherinHotBathStreet.AlthoughBathis28knownasaRomanandGeorgiancity,manypeoplecameintheinterveningcenturiestomakeuseofthe29waters.
WhiletheGeorgiansmadetakingthewaters’orbathingparticularlyfashionable,it30generationswhopavedtheway,creatinggreaterinterestinBathanditswassprings.CharlesIl,desperateforanheirandunabletoproducea31son.cametoBathtotakethewatersinthehopethattheirmagicalpowerswoulddosomethingto32thesituation.Cravingforamaleheir,JamesandMarybothcametoBathandsoonafterproducedason,whichbredmanyconspiracytheoriesaboutwhowastherealfatheroftheir33.Regardless,the'miracle’createdsomethingofaboomintourismforBathandonceOueenAnnehadpaidavisitin1702sealingitastheplacetobethewholenation34tothecity.
Afterwards,thespas(矿泉疗养浴场)inBathcontinuedtogoinandoutoffashionformorethan150yearsuntiltheyclosedcompletely.ThenewBathSpa,whichopenedin200635modernarchitecturewiththeancientspring,nowtheNewRoyalBath.
A)aesthetically
B)constructed
C)designates
D)extract
E)flocked
F)incorporates
G)legitimate
H)natural
I)offspring
J)previous
K)principally
L)remedy
M)rhetorically
N)sneaked
O)versatile
Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatemenfsattachedtoitEachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraplfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter:AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
TheDoctorWillSkypeYouNow
A)Fazilaisayoungwomanthathasbeendealingwitheczema(温疹),acommonskincondition,forthepastfiveyears,butnevergotittreated.Thenearesthospitalisanhouraway,byboatandbus,andherskinconditiondidn'tseemseriousenoughtomakethetrek,sosheignoredit-untilanewtechnologybroughtthedoctortoher.FazilalivesononeoftheremoteriverislandsinnorthernBangladesh.Theseislandsarelow-lying.temporarysandislandsthatarecontinuouslyformedanddestroyedthroughsandbuildupanderosion.Theyarehometooversixmillionpeople,whofacerepeateddisplacementfromfloodinganderosion--whichmaybegettingworsebecauseofclimatechange-andarangeofhealthrisks,includingpoornutrition,malaria(疟疾)andotherwater-bornediseases
B)Themostdangerousthingfortheseremoteislanddwellersislanderosion.Theseconcislackofaccesstomedicalsuppliesanddoctors.Therearenodoctorswithinmiles,andwhilechildmortalityandmaternaldeathhavegonedownintherestofthecountry,thisisnotthecasefortheislands.Themedicalsituationissobadthatitreallytakesawayfromthequalityoftheirlife.Yetformanyislandinhabitants--someofBangladesh'spoorest--payingforhealthcareisacostlyordeal.Victimsoferosionlosetheirhouses.agriculturallandandjobsasfarmers,fishermenanddaylaborers.Thoughgovernmenthospitalsarefree,manypeoplehesitatetogo,citinglongcommutes,endlesslinesandquestionablediagnoses.Forconvenience'ssake,one-thirdofruralhouseholdsvisitunqualifiedvillagedoctors,whorelyonunscientificmethodsoftreatment,accordingtoa2016studyinthepeer-reviewedjournallobalHealthAction.
C)Ontheislands,there'sevenacolloquial(头的)expressionfortheideaofmakingmedicalcareyourlowestpriority:It'sknownas“rogpushairakhainBengali,whichroughlytranslatesto“stockpilingtheirdiseases”-waitingtoseekmedicalattentionuntilaconditionbecomesextremelyserious.Now,anewyirtualmedicalservicecalledTeledaktar(TD)istryingtomakehealthcaremoreeasilyaccessible.Everyweek,TD'smedicaloperatorstraveltotheislandsbyboat,carryingalaptop,aportableprinterforprescriptionsandtoolstorunbasicmedicalscreeningssuchasbloodpressure,bloodsugar,bodytemperatureandweight.TheychooseanareaoftheislandwiththebestInternetreceptionandsetupamakeshift(临时凑合的)medicalcenterwhichconsistsofplasticstoolsandsmalltablesborrowedfromthelocals’homes,atentincaseofrainandasheetthatisstrunguptogivethepatientsprivacyduringtheirsession
D)LaunchedinOctober2018.TDhaseightcentersintownsandvillagesacrossruraBangladeshandonthreeislands.ltisfundedbyanonprofitorganizationfoundedbBangladeshientrepreneurs,financeandtechnologyprofessionals.Insidethecenter,theaptopscreenlightsuptorevealDr.TinaMustahid,TD'sheadphysician,/ive-streamec(网络直播)fromthecapitalcityofDhakaforfreeremotemedicalconsultations.AffectionatelycalledDoctorApa-“oldersisterinBengali--byherpatients.sheisoneofthreevolunteerdoctorsatTD.
E)“Idiagnosethemthroughconversation,”saysDr.Mustahid.“Sometimesit'sreallyobviousthingsthatlocaldoctorsdon'thavethepatiencetotalkthroughwiththeirpatients.Forexample,acommoncomplaintmotherscomeinwithisthattheirchildrenrefusetoeattheirmeals.Themothersareconcernedtheyaredealingwithindigestion.butit'sbecausetheyarefeedingthechildrenpackagedchipswhicharecheapandconvenient.Itellthemitisruiningtheirappetiteandaskthemtocutbackonunhealthysnacks.”Dr.Mustahidsaysbuildingawarenessabouthealthandnutritionisimportantforislandpatientswhoarecutofffrommainlandresources.
F)Evenofftheislands,Bangladeshfacesacriticaldeficitofhealthservices.Thecountryhashalfthedoctors-per-personratiorecommendedbytheWorldHealthOrganization:roughlyonedoctorper2,000people.insteadofonedoctorper1.000people.Andotthosephysicians,manyareconcentratedincities:70%ofthecountry'spopulationliveinruralareas,yetlessthan20%ofhealthworkerspracticethere.Over70%ofTD's3000patientsarefemale,inpartbecausemanyarenotcomfortablespeakingwithlocaldoctorswhotendtobemale.Theruralwomenaremostlynotliterateorconfidentenoughtotravelontheirowntothenearesttowntovisitmedicalfacilities.Manyhavespenttheirentirelivesrebuildingtheirhomeswhentheislandsflood.Earlymarriageandyoungmotherhood,whichareprevalentinthesepartsofBangladesh,alsocontributetotheearlyonsetofhealthproblems
G)FormostTDpatientsontheislands,Dr.Mustahidisthefirstbig-citydoctorthatthey'veeverconsulted.TDdoctorsarenotmeanttotreatseriousillnessesorconditionsthatrequireadoctortobephysicallypresent,suchaspregnancy.Buttheycanwriteprescriptions.diagnosecommonailments--includingdigestiveissues,jointpain,skindiseases.feverandthecommoncold--andreferpatientstodoctorsatlocalhospitals.Thevisitisalsoanopportunityforthepatients.especiallywomentoairtheirconcernsaboutaging,motherhoodandreproductivehealthaccordingtoDr.Mustahid.Thedoctorsalsoofferhealth,dietaryandlifestyleadvicewherenecessary,includinginsighioneverythingfromrecognizingpostnatal(产后的)depressiontodailyexercise.DrMustahidregularlyrecommendsherpatientstotakeadailythirty-minutemorningwalkbeforethesungetstoointense
H)AfterafewsessionsaboutgeneralhealthissuesFazilafinallyopenedupaboutsomethingelsethatwasbotheringher:herpersistentskincondition.Itcangeexpensivetotraveltothedoctor,sousuallythewomenlivingontheislandsdescribetheirillnesstotheirhusbands.Thehusbandsthengotothepharmacy,trytodescribetheissueandreturnhomewithsomerandommedicines.NothingworkedforFazilauntishestartedseeingDr.Apa.
I)Othernonprofitsarealsostartingtoprovidehealthservicesontheislands.Alocanon-governmentalorganizationcalledFriendshipoperatesfloatingboathospitalsthaprovidehealthservicestoislandsalloverBangladesh,dockingateachfortwomonthsatatime.Friendshipalsorunssatelliteclinicsinwhichonedoctorandoneclinicaidewhoareresidentsofthecommunitydispersehealthandhygieneinformation
J)TDstillhasafewmajorchallenges.Manyresidentscomplainthemedicinestheyareprescribedaresometimesunaffordable,butthegovernmentisntdoingenoughforthemPatientsoftenaskwhythemedicineisn'tfreealongwiththeconsultationfromthedoctors.Theorganizationsarelinkedtolocalpharmaciesandofferdiscountstothepatientsandmakesuretoprescribethemostcost-effectivebrands.butstillmanyresidentscantaffordeventhat.
K)Nevertheless,TD'sremoteconsultationsseemtobepopular:Of3,000patients.atleast200havereturnedforfollow-ups,accordingtoTD.Thereason,explainsoneresidentmightbethesimplegestureoftreatingtheislandinhabitantswithrespect.“Dr.Apaispatient,hesays,“Atgovernmenthospitals,thedoctorstreatusverybadly,butheretheylistentous,Icanrepeatmyselfmanytimesandnoonegetsannoyed.
36.Somechildrenontheremoteislandswon'teattheirmealsbecausetheyarefedcheapjunkfood.
37.UnlikeotherpartsofBangladesh,thenumberofwomenwhodiefromgivingbirtlremainshighontheriverislands.
38.Onebigproblemmanyislandershaveisthattheycan’taffordtheprescribedmedicinesevenwithdiscountsoffered.
39.TDisavirtualmedicalservicefinanciallysupportedbyoneofthenation'snonprofitorganizations.
40.TDdoctorsarewelcometotheislandersbecausetheytreatthesickwithrespectandpatience.
4l.Womenislanderstendtohavehealthproblemsearlypartlybecausetheygetmarriedandgivebirthearly.
42.TDdoctorsmakeweeklyvisitstotheremoteislandstoprovideservicesatatemporarymedicalcenter.
43.TDdoctorsprovidetheislanderswithonlinediagnosesandtreatmentsforcommondiseases.
44.Theresidentsoftheriverislandshavetokeepmovingtheirhomesbecauseoffloodsandlanderosions.
45.Womenislandersusuallyrelyontheirhusbandstogetsomemedicinesforthemwithoutdiagnosesandprescriptions.
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatemenls.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)YoushoulddecideonthebesichoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletleronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
46.Whatfactdoestheauthoremphasizeconcerningselectivecollegesanduniversities
A)Theyhavebeenignoringthetrainingofgraduatesfortheworldofwork
B)Theyhavebeendoingwellinensuringtheirstudentsasuccessfulfuture
C)Theyhavebeenconstantlyattackedforbeingtooeliteandtooexpensive
D)Theyhavebeenactivelyengagedinciviclifebeyondtheschoolcampus.
47.WhatdoestheauthorsayinarguingforthemodelofeducationintheU.S.
A)Ithascontributedsubstantiallytothenation'soveralldevelopment.
B)Ithassucceededinmaintainingsustainablefinancialaidprograms
C)Ithasgivenprioritytoinnovativeprogramsforgraduatestudies.
D)lthasplayedacentralroleinattractinginternationalapplicants
48.Whatdowelearnabouttheinitialproposalsconcerningtherecenttaxreformbill
A)Theywouldhavestrippedmanystudentsoflife'schances.
B)Theywouldhavedeductedgraduatestudentloaninterest.
C)Theywouldhaveaddedtomanystudents’financialburden
D)Theywouldhaveincreasedthenumberoftuitionwaivers.
49.Whatdothedatashowaboutelitecollegesanduniversities
A)Theirgraduateslacktherigorrequiredfordoingstatisticalanalysis
B)Theirstudentsprovetobeinadequatelypreparedfortheirfuturecareers.
C)Theirfocusonresearchisconducivetodevelopingstudents'criticalthinking.
D)Theirliberalartseducationenablesgraduatestoexcelinwhateverfieldtheyarein.
50.Whatisanadvantageofprovidingfinancialaidforstudents
A)Everystudentcanchoosetheinstitutiontheywishtoattend.
B)Allstudentscanbenefitfromadiversifiedstudentpopulation
C)Allstudentswillbeabletoearnaplaceonuniversitycampus
D)Lessprivilegedstudentswillbemorecompetitiveateliteschools
PassageTwo
51.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbycitingthefindingsfromthereportpublishedlastyear
A)Peopleseldomappealtorationalityintheirthinking
B)Itisoftenthecasethattruthliesinthehandsofafew
C)Commonsenseandsciencearethetwosidesofacoin.
D)Fewpeopleknowifclimatechangeisreallyhappening
52.Whatistheappealtocommonsenseaccordingtotheauthor
A)Itisthebasisfortheinternalisationofindividuals’ideologies.
B)ltisaseriesofconceptionsformulatedfromcomplexreasoning
C)Itiscollectivewisdomthathelpspeopleinteractwithnewideas.
D)Itissomethingsubjectivebasedonwhatoneperceivestoberight
53.WhatdoesDanielKahnemanthinkistheproblemoftestingnewideaswithexistingbeliefs
A)Itmayleadtoincorrectjudgment.
B)Itmakesnouseofcommonsense
C)Itfailstocorrectmistakesthroughseriousreasoning.
D)Itcanproducepsychologicallyunacceptableoutcomes
54.Whatcanwedotobelesssusceptibletocognitivebiases
A)Giveequalweighttoevidenceofbothsidesinaconflict
B)Provideconvincingexamplesindevelopinganargument
C)Establishsociallysharedcognitionviascientificmethods
D)Avoidinconsistencieswhenaddressingcontroversialissues
55.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconveyattheendofthepassage
A)Multipleperspectivesstimulatepeople'sinterestinexploringtheunknown
B)Individualscanenhancetheiroverallcapabilitiesbyinteractingwithothers
C)Individualsshouldthinkfreelytobreakfromtherestrictionsofcommonsense.
D)Collaborativeeffortscanovercomeindividualslimitationsinscientificinquiry.
PartIVTranslation(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutesfotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwritevouransweronAnswerSheet2.
卢沟桥位于天安门广场西南15公里处，横跨永定河，是北京现存最古老的多拱石桥。卢沟桥最初建成于1192年，1698年重建，由281根柱子支撑。每根柱子上都有一头石狮。这些石狮的头、背、腹部或爪子上都藏着更多的狮子。这些石狮生动逼真、千姿百态，是卢沟桥石刻艺术的精品。桥上的石狮不计其数,因而北京地区流传着“卢沟桥上的石狮子-数不清”的说法。卢沟桥不仅以其美学特征闻名于世，还被公认为石桥建筑史上的一座丰碑。
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