推荐一套英语学习好教材:EssentialEnglish《基础英语》
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《基础英语》(EssentialEnglish),是70年代自英国引入的内部交流英语课本。在英语教材中一直被誉为不朽的名著。
该书共4册,C.E.Eckersley著,第一册初版于1938年,后来几经修改,1955年,由作者的儿子J.M.Eckersley出版了修订本和全套教师用书。我手头的一套,是光华出版社影印的七十年代版本。
EssentialEnglish在我国享誉多年。从四十年代到八十年代初,私人补习英语都多有采用它作为教材的。文革后,大专院校的研究生院和市面上的业余英语夜校,教授EssentialEnglish的也很多。后来才逐渐被新概念英语和其它教材取代,至如今基本上销声匿迹。
EssentialEnglish第一册以从未学过英语的读者为对象,从看图教学:Thisisaman等教起。书到一半,转入由英语老师Mr.Priestley教授四男二女6位欧洲外国学生学习英语的情景,并以此贯穿全书。
书中的老师和学生都各有鲜明的性格和自己的经历和故事。Mr.Priestley是典型英国绅士和学者型,善良博学,循循善诱却不苟言笑;学生Hob最懒惰调皮,爱讲有趣幽默故事,都给读者很深刻的印象。每篇课文,都配有许多幽默漫画、经典笑话和故事,引人入胜。全书末了,还有其中两位学生相恋成婚。这些人物的故事性和情节发展,也是本书吸引读者的因素之一。
EssentialEnglish的宗旨,是向外国学生教授道地的英语“口语”(colloquialEnglish)。“英语道地”,是该书在我国长期享誉的最主要原因。
到第四册,主要介绍英美文化知识,如重要历史片断和最伟大的作家和文学作品等,由此可见“基础英语”的匠心。
认真学学EssentialEnglish,收获一定不小。比如,第二册13课,学生Frieda准备星期四回瑞典探亲,给家里写了封信,最后一句说:Thursdaycan’tcometoosoon!意思是:星期四来得可真慢啊!表达了她盼望回家的急切心情。这样的英语,我无论如何想不出来写不出来,于是把它记住,有机会就用出去。类似这样的“好英语”,全书比比皆是,要在能注意学习吸收,而不是“看懂”。
第二册11课,介绍英语诗歌和歌曲,会让我们对英语诗歌的用词和韵律有些初步的感性认识,也就是有了点皮毛“语感”,后来再读《牛虻》尾声,阿瑟在给琼玛的信里提到他们小时候一起读过的几句小诗,读来就十分亲切有味。
再如第11课篇末介绍的英国传统“老歌”CocklesandMussels,我很喜欢,印象深刻。后来出访英国,与客户谈业务,晚宴席间,上来海鲜,我和对方戏说:CocklesandMussels,对方顿时表现出意外的惊喜,笑着向我挤眼:啊,你知道这个?!我马上接了一句歌词:alive,alive–o!对方高兴得当场把这首歌唱了起来,大大活跃了晚宴气氛。
希望喜欢英语的学生(初中开始最好)和任何年龄人在学习英语的朋友们能够重拾这套经典英语教科书,哪怕是当做泛读的故事看看都会被吸引,也一定会受益匪浅!
EssentialEnglish《基础英语》教材著者C.E.Eckersley小传
CharlesEwartEckersley(1892–1967)grewupintheNorthofEnglandandattendedManchesterUniversity,wherehegainedanM.A.inEnglish.HeservedintheRoyalArtilleryduringWorldWarIandlatergainedhisfirstcivilianjobasaschoolmaster.HewasappointedtothestaffofthePolytechnicBoys’SchoolinRegentStreet,London,in1921(Quinault1967:2).TheschoolwasassociatedwiththePolytechnicInstitute,whichspecialisedintechnicaleducationandlanguageteaching,andprovidedclassesinEnglishforforeigners.ItwasafrequentoccurrenceforBoys’SchoolmasterstobeaskedtohelpwiththeInstitute’seveningclasses,andsoitwasthatEckersleygainedhisfirstexperienceofteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguage.ThemethodsusedbyaFrenchmasterattheBoys’School,H.O.Coleman(whowasafriendofHaroldPalmer’s),appeartohavebeenparticularlyinspirationalforEckersleyinhistransitionfromteachingEnglishasamothertonguetoEnglishasaforeignlanguage.
AmongEckersley’sstudentsweregroupsofrefugeesfromtheContinent,includingWalterKaufmann,aJewishGermanbusinessmanwithwhomEckersleybecamefriends,andwhowaslatertocollaboratewithhimonseveralsuccessfultextsforbusinessEnglish:ACommercialCourseforForeignStudents(EckersleyandKaufmann1947),EnglishCommercialPracticeandCorrespondence(EckersleyandKaufmann1952)andEnglishandAmericanBusinessLetters(EckersleyandKaufmann1954).AfterthewarbegantherewerealsoalliedservicemenfromvariouscountriesstationedinBritainwhowereanxioustolearnEnglishquickly.Eckersleywasaskedtowriteacourse,EnglishfortheAllies(1942),whichaddressedtheneedsofthese‘soldiers,sailorsandairmenoftheunitednations’.
Bynow,thepopularityofhisbookshadledLongmanstoencouragehimtobecomeafull-timematerialswriter,andin1943hegaveupschoolteachingaltogether.Hecompiledabilinguallearner’sdictionaryforSpanishlearners(EckersleyandPicazo1946)whichwaslateradaptedforPolish(EckersleyandCorbridge-Patkaniowska1951)andTurkish(EckersleyandBalkan1954).HealsowroteseveralbilingualintroductoryversionsofhisEssentialEnglishmaterialswhichwereallpublishedin1947–48,inSpanish(EckersleyandSarmiento1947),Polish
(EckersleyandCorbridge-Patkaniowska1947),Yugoslav(EckersleyandSubotic1947),Dutch(EckersleyandBongers1948)andTurkish(EckersleyandGatenby1948).ThelastofthesewascompiledwithE.V.Gatenby(q.v.),withwhomEckersleywasalsotocollaborateonasetofwallpictureswithaccompanyingteacher’shandbookandpupil’sworkbook(GatenbyandEckersley1955–57).In1948Eckersleywasinvited,alongwithA.S.Hornby(q.v.),towriteanew‘EnglishbyRadio’seriesfortheBBC.Eckersley’sseriesforbeginnerscentredon‘theBrownfamily’,andinvolvinga‘combinationofEnglishconversationandvernacularcommentary’(Quinault1948:49).
Inthepost-waryears,LongmanspromotedEssentialEnglishasa‘system’torivalOxford’s‘ProgressiveEnglish’,andEckersleycontributedanumberofEssentialEnglishReadersaswellasthedictionaries.In1953therewasanewbookwithexercisesdesignedtomakelearninggrammarfun,titledBrighterGrammar(EckersleyandMacaulay1953),whichwentthroughseverallatereditionsandisstillinprintinAfrica.Indeed,thereweremanyneweditionsofhisbooks,uptothe1970s.AsQuinault(1967:3)wrote:
hepopularityofEckersley’sbookshascontinued:therehavebeenrepeatedreprintingsofEssentialEnglishanditscharacters,theteacherMrPriestleyandhisfamily,andhisstudents,Jan,Lucille,Olaf,Pedro,FriedaandHob,havebecomefamiliartogenerationsoflearnersineverycontinent.WhatwasthesecretofthispopularityItwas,Ithink,theproductofawarmandlivelypersonalitywithanaturalflairforEnglishteachingandareadysenseofhumour.AsEckersleywroteinoneofhisprefaces,itwashisconstantendeavour‘tocoverthepilloflearningwiththejamofgaiety’.
NotesTheaboveaccountbyRichardC.Smith(uploadedherein2007)isadaptedfromSmith,R.C.(ed.).2005.‘GeneralIntroduction’toTeachingEnglishasaForeignLanguage,1936–61:PioneersofELT,Volume1.Abingdon:Routledge.Sources:InterviewwithJohnEckersley(C.E.Eckersley’sson),7April2004;Quinault,R.V.1948.‘BBCEnglishlessonsforforeignstudents’.EnglishLanguageTeaching3/2:47–52;Quinault,R.V.1967.‘C.E.Eckersley,M.A.’.EnglishLanguageTeaching22/1:2–3.