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1、高考英语熟词生义常考知识点一、单词词义一、“damage”1.Thescandalhasseriouslydamagedthecompanysreputation.（损害；伤害）2.Thestormdidalotofdamagetothecrops.（损害；破坏）3.Heclaimed$7000damagesfromthetaxicompany.（赔偿金；损害赔偿金）二、“ruin”1.Yearsoffightinghavelefttheareainruins.（废墟；遗迹）2.Thebadweatherruinedour
2、trip.（毁坏；破坏）3.Hewasruinedbythatlawcase;heslostallhismoney.（使破产；使沦落）三、“rescue”1.Helicoptersrescuednearly20peoplefromtheroofoftheburningbuilding.（营救；救援）2.Arescueteamistryingtoreachthetrappedminers.（营救行动；救援行动）3.Thebookrescuedhisreputation.（挽救；挽回）四、“trap”1.Thehunters
3、settrapstocatchfoxes.（陷阱；捕捉器）2.Shefelttrappedinalovelessmarriage.（使陷入困境；使受限制）3.Theliftbrokedownandweweretrappedinside.（困住；关住）五、“bury”1.Theyburiedthedeadbodiesafterthebattle.（埋葬；安葬）2.Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandcried.（遮盖；掩蔽）3.Heburiedhimselfinhisworktotrytof
4、orgethisproblems.（专心致志于；沉浸于）六、“shelter”1.Thetreesprovideshelterfromthesun.（遮蔽；庇护）2.Wetookshelterfromtheraininacave.（避难所；躲避处）3.Thewallshelteredusfromthewind.（遮蔽；保护）七、“shock”1.Thenewsofhisdeathcameasagreatshock.（震惊；惊愕）2.Theelectricshockmadehimjump.（电击；触电）3.Hisbehav
5、iorshocksme.（使震惊；使惊愕）八、“injure”1.Heinjuredhiskneeplayingfootball.（伤害；使受伤）2.Thescandalhasinjuredhisreputation.（损害；伤害）九、“destroy”1.Thefiredestroyedmostofthebuilding.（摧毁；毁灭）2.Theillnessdestroyedhiscareer.（破坏；毁掉）十、“affect”1.Thedivorceaffectedeveryaspectofherlife.（影响；对有影响）2.H
6、isspeechwasaffectedbyhisnervousness.（在感情方面）深深打动；使悲伤）十一、“frighten”1.Thenoisefrightenedthechild.（使惊吓；使惊恐）2.Shewasfrightenedofflying.（害怕；对感到恐惧）十二、“congratulate”1.Icongratulatedhimonhissuccess.（祝贺；向道喜）2.Wecongratulatedourselvesonhavingfoundasolution.（为感到高兴；庆幸）十三、“judge”1.Theju
7、dgesentencedhimtofiveyearsinprison.（法官；审判员）2.Itsdifficulttojudgewhetherhesrightorwrong.（判断；断定）3.Dontjudgeabookbyitscover.（评价；评判）十四、“express”1.IcantexpresshowgratefulIam.（表达；表示）2.Theparcelwassentbyexpress.（快递；快运）十五、“well”1.Thedocumentarypresentedbothsidesofthepr
8、oblemverywell.（很好地；出色地）2.Theresultsarewellabove/belowwhatweexpected.（很；非常）3.Thereisawellinthegarden.（井；水井）十六、“rise”1.Thesunrisesintheeast.（升起；上升）2.Priceshaverisensteadilyduringthepastdecade.（上涨；增长）3.Theriverhasrisenseveralmeters.（河水、潮水等）上涨；升高）十七、“fall”1.Leavesfallfr
9、omthetreesinautumn.（落下；掉落）2.Thetemperaturefellsharplylastnight.（下降；降低）3.Shefellandhurtherknee.（摔倒；跌倒）十八、“hit”1.Theballhitthewindow.（击中；碰撞）2.Themoviewasabighit.（成功；很受欢迎的事物）3.Theeconomiccrisishitthecountryhard.（对产生不良影响；打击）十九、“strike”1.Lightningstruckthetree.（击中；打）2.The
10、workersareonstrikeforhigherpay.（罢工）3.ItstruckmethatIhadforgottenmykeys.（突然想到；猛地意识到）二十、“report”1.ThenewspaperreportedthattherehadbeenabigearthquakeinJapan.（报道；公布）2.Thestudentswereaskedtowriteareportontheirfieldtrip.（报告；调查报告）二、单词拼写1.Thenewsoftwarecanprocessdata
11、muchfasterthantheoldone.process在此处意为“处理”，而常见义为“过程；进程”2.Shetypedthereportcarefully,makingsuretherewerenomistakes.typed常见义为“类型；种类”，在此意为“打字”3.Thecomputersystemcrashedsuddenly,causingalotoftrouble.system常见义为“体系；制度”，此处指“系统”4.Weshouldupdateourknowledgetokeepupwiththetime
12、s.update常见义为“更新；使现代化”，此处指“更新知识”5.Thevirusinfectedmanycomputersinthecompany.infected常见义为“传染；感染”，这里指“使电脑感染病毒”三、完型填空1.Inthemodernworld,wecantimaginelifewithouttheInternet.Ithasbecomeanimportantpartofourdailylife,providinguswithalotofinformationandconvenience.providing
13、常见义为“提供；供应”，在此处是现在分词作伴随状语，指互联网在成为我们生活重要部分的同时，为我们提供信息和便利2.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,peoplesliveshavechangedagreatdeal.Wecannowdomanythingsthatwereimpossibleinthepastwiththehelpofvariousdevices.devices常见义为“策略；手段”，在此指“设备；装置”3.Theinventionofthesmartphone
14、hasrevolutionizedthewaywecommunicate.revolutionized常见义为“彻底改变；使革命化”，在此指智能手机彻底改变了我们的交流方式4.Whenyouuseacomputer,youneedtobecarefulnottoclickonanylinksthatmaybeharmful.links常见义为“联系；关系”，在此指“链接”5.Thecomputerprogramisdesignedtocalculatethedataquicklyandaccurately.calculate
15、常见义为“计算；核算”，在此指计算机程序被设计用来快速准确地计算数据四、阅读理解1.Inthetext,theword“network”referstoasystemofcomputersthatareconnectedtogethertoshareinformation.Here“network”hasadifferentmeaningfromitscommononewhichisagroupofpeopleororganizationsthatareconnectedorworktogether.此句对net
16、work的常见义和文中义进行了对比，文中指计算机网络，常见义为“人际关系网；网络系统”等2.Thepassagementionsthatthenewtechnologyallowsustoaccessinformationeasily.Here“access”meanstherightoropportunitytouseorlookatsomething,ratherthanitsothermeaninglike“进入；入口”。(解释了access在文中意为“获取（使用或查看某物的权利或机会）”，区别于其常见的“入口”等义3.Th
17、eauthorstatesthatthedigitalagehasbroughtaboutmanychanges,andoneofthemisthewaywestoreandmanageourdata.Inthiscontext,“manage”meanstobeinchargeofortakecontrolofsomething,similartoitsgeneralmeaningbutmorefocusedonhandlingdatainthiscase.说明了manage在文中意为“管
18、理；处理”数据，与常见义“管理；经营”类似，但在此更侧重于对数据的处理4.Accordingtothetext,theterm“artificialintelligence”referstomachinesorcomputersystemsthatcanperformtasksrequiringhumanintelligence.Here“term”meansawordorexpressionusedtodescribesomething,differentfromitsmeaninglike“学期；条款”etc.指出t