科学美国人60秒中英文翻译：野生动物与猎人和徒步旅行者共存
科学美国人60秒英文文本
Gotaminute
PubliclandsintheU.S.aremanagedwithtwogoalsinmind:protectingbiodiversityandprovidingpeoplewithrecreationalopportunities,achancetoconnectwithnature.Butsometimesthosetwogoalsareatodds—especiallyifrecreation,activitieslikehikingorhunting,disruptswildanimalsenoughtoaltertheiruseofthoselandscapes.
Indeed,severalyearsago,astudydoneinCaliforniafoundthathikershadanegativeimpactonwildlife.
"Thatkindofsoundedabitofanalarmtousaswildlifebiologistsandaspeoplewholiketogohikingourselves."
WildlifebiologistRolandKays,oftheNorthCarolinaMuseumofNaturalSciencesandN.C.StateUniversity.
"Wewereprettyworriedthatifthisproblemwasasbadasitseemedfromthatstudy,andwaswidespread,thentherecouldbearealconflictbetweenoutdoorrecreationandwildlifeconservation."
Tofindout,Kaysandhisteamenlistedthehelpofmorethan350volunteercitizenscientists,whodeployedcameratrapsatnearly2,000siteswithin32protectedareasinsixdifferentstates.Roughlyhalfoftheareasallowedhuntingandhalfdidnot.Whattheydiscoveredwassomethingofarelief.
"Wefoundrelativelyminorimpactsofhuntingandhikingonwildlife."
Buttheydidfindsomethingthathadamuchbiggerimpactonwildlife:habitatquality.Thebestpredictorofwildlifeabundancewasnothumanactivity,butfactorslikeforestconnectivity,nearbyhousingdensity,andtheamountofadjacentagriculture.TheresultswerepublishedintheJournalofAppliedEcology.
Andtheysuggestthatoutdoorrecreation,a646-billion-dollarindustryintheU.S.,iscurrentlymanagedinasustainableway,butalsothatprotectingthescatteredpatchesofwildhabitatthatremainintheU.S.isvital—bothforwildlifeandforpeople.
"Recreation,includinghuntingandhiking,andwildlifeconservation,cancoexistinthesameplaceatthesametime,andwecangooutthereandenjoynature,enjoythewoods,hopetocatchaglimpseofwildlife,withoutworryingabouthurtingthepopulationsintheprocess."