英语口语练习2018年8月18日雅思考试预测

Section1&Section2重点场景(生活类):课程咨询,服务咨询,租房买房,预定活动场地,地点介绍,旅游。

Section3&Section4重点场景(学术类):论文讨论,师生讨论,学术研究,课程作业,植物讲座,动物讲座。

Section1

Questions1-2

Completethenotesbelow.

WriteNOMORETHANONEWORDforeachanswer.

Adviceonplumbersanddecorators

Example

Makesurethecompanyis:local

Pontcallaplumberduringthe1_____

Lookattradewebsite:2

Questions3-10

Completethetablebelow.

Name

Positivepoints

Negativepoints

Peake’sPlumbing

Always4_____

JohnDamerolPlumbingServices

6_____

SimonsonPlasterers

Abletodolotsofdifferent7_____

More8_____thanothercompanies

H.L.Plastering

9_____

Prefersnottouselong10_____

SECTION2Questions11-20

Question11

Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.

11.Thepurposeofthetalkisto:

Ashowstudentssomeinterestingplacesonatour

Bgiveinstructionsandinformationonatour

Cgivestudentsaninterestingexperienceonatour

Questions12-15

WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSORANUMBERforeachanswer.

Studentsshouldleavehomeatabout12_____

Thetelephonenumbertocalliftheyarelateis13_____

Thestudentsshouldbuya14_____ticketbecausethetourwilltake15_____hours.

Questions16-19

WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSORAHUMBERforeachanswer.

Place

Stay/Minutes

Do

Townhalt

XXX

Meetonsteps

Library

16

Lookatfacilities

Cinema

17_____movies

Artgallery

15minutes

18_____

Restaurants,bars,cafes

XXXX

returnlatertosamplefoodIandatmosphere

meetlocalstudents

19_____

Untilendoftour

Eatpicniclunch

Question20

ChooseOHEletter,A-F.

Thespeakersaysthatthestudentsdon'tneedtobring:

Acomfortableshoesandclothes

Bdrinks

Csunscreen

Dlunch

Ehat

Fextramoney

Section3

Questions21and30

Writenomorethanthreewordsforeachanswer.

Novel:21_____

Protagonists:MaryLennox;ColinCraven

Timeperiod:Earlyin22_____

Plot:Mary-UK-meetsColinwhothinkshe'llneverbeableto23_____.Theybecomefriends.

Pointofview:“Omniscient”-narratorknowsallaboutcharacters'feelings,opinionsand24_____Audience:Goodforchildren-storysimpletofollow

Symbols(physicalitemsthatrepresent25_____):

Section4

Questions31-40

WriteONEWORDONLYforeachanswer.

TheTawnyOwl

Most31..................owlspeciesinUK

Stronglynocturnal

Habitat

Mainlylivesin32...................,butcanalsobeseeninurbanareas,e.g.parks.

Adaptations

Shortwingsand33...................,fornavigation

Brownand34..................feathers,forcamouflage

Largeeyes(moreeffectivethanthoseof35..................),forgoodnightvision

Verygoodspatial36...................,forpredictingwherepreymightbefound

Excellent37...................,forlocatingpreyfromaperch

Diet

Mainfoodissmallmammals.

Owlsinurbanareaseatmore38................

Survival

Twothirdsofyoungowldiewithina39...............

Owlsdon'tdisperseoverlongdistances.

Owlsseemtodislikeflyingeverlargeareasof40....................

Answerkey

1weekend(s)

2plasdeco

3clear

4late/unreliable

5cheaper

6messy

7designs

8expensive

9painting

10ladder(s)

Section2

11.B

12.9:15

13.0482557369

14.one-wayticket

15.3

16.20minutes

17.checkout

18.lookatexhibits

19.park

20.D

21.TheSecretGarden

22.(the)twentiethcentury

23.walk

24.motivations

25.abstractideas

26.roses

27.dark(ness)tolight(ness)

28.health

29.environment

30.humancompanionship

31common

32woodland/woods/forcst(s)

33tail

34grey/gray

35humans/people

36memory

37hearing

38birds

39year

40water

【阅读】

READINGPASSAGE1

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.

BondiBeach

ABondiBeach,Australia’smostfamousbeach,islocatedinthesuburbofBondi,intheLocalGovernmentAreaofWaveriey,sevenkilometersfromthecentreofSydney.“Bondiu”or“Boondi”isanAboriginalwordmeaningwaterbreakingoverrocksorthesoundofbreakingwaves.TheAustralianMuseumrecordsthatBondimeansplacewhereaflightofnullastookplace.ThereareAboriginalRockcarvingsonthenorthernendofthebeachatBenBucklerandsouthofBondiBeachnearMcKenziesBeachonthecoastalwalk.

BTheindigenouspeopleoftheareaatthetimeofEuropeansettlementhavegenerallybeenwelcomedtoastheSydneypeopleortheEora(Eorameans“thepeople”).OnetheorydescribestheEoraasasub-groupoftheDaruglanguagegroupwhichoccupiedtheCumberlandPlainwesttotheBlueMountains.However,anothertheorysuggeststhattheywereadistinctlanguagegroupoftheirown.Thereisnoclearevidenceforthenameornamesoftheparticularband(s)oftheEorathatroamedwhatisnowtheWaverieyarea.AnumberofplacenameswithinWaveriey,mostfamouslyBondi,havebeenbasedonwordsderivedfromAboriginallanguagesoftheSydneyregion.

CFromthemid-1800sBondiBeachwasafavouritelocationforfamilyoutingsandpicnics,thebeginningsofthesuburbgobackto1809,whentheearlyroadbuilder,WilliamRoberts,receivedfromGovernorBlighagrantof81hectaresofwhatisnowmostofthebusinessandresidentialareaofBondiBeach.In1851,EdwardSmithHallandFrancisO’Brienpurchased200acresoftheBondiareathatembracedalmostthewholefrontageofBondiBeach,anditwasnamedthe“TheBondiEstate.”Between1855and1877O’BrienpurchasedHall’sshareoftheland,renamedthelandthe“O’BrienEstate,”andmadethebeachandthesurroundinglandavailabletothepublicasapicnicgroundandamusementresort.Asthebeachbecameincreasinglypopular,O’Brienthreatenedtostoppublicbeachaccess.However,theMunicipalCouncilbelievedthattheGovernmentneededtointervenetomakethebeachapublicreserve.

DDuringthe1900sbeachbecameassociatedwithhealth,leisureanddemocracy–aplaygroundeveryonecouldenjoyequally.BondiBeachwasaworkingclasssuburbthroughoutmostofthetwentiethcenturywithmigrantpeoplefromNewZealandcomprisingthemajorityofthelocalpopulation.Thefirsttramwayreachedthebeachin1884.Followingthis,trambecamethefirstpublictransportationinBondi.Asanalternative,thisactionchangedtherulethatonlyrichpeoplecanenjoythebeach.Bythe1930sBondiwasdrawingnotonlylocalvisitorsbutalsopeoplefromelsewhereinAustraliaandoverseas.AdvertisingatthetimereferredtoBondiBeachasthe“PlaygroundofthePacific”.

EThereisagrowingtrendthatpeoplepreferhavingrelaxnearseasideinsteadoflivingunhealthilyincities.Theincreasingpopularityofseabathingduringthelate1800sandearly1900sraisedconcernsaboutpublicsafetyandhowtopreventpeoplefromdrowning.Inresponse,theworld’sfirstformallydocumentedsurflifesavingclub,theBondiSurfBathers’LifeSavingClub,wasformedin1907.Thiswaspowerfullyreinforcedbythedramaticeventsof“BlackSunday”atBondiin1938.Some35,000peoplewereonthebeachandalargegroupoflifesaverswereabouttostartasurfracewhenthreefreakwaveshitthebeach,sweepinghundredsofpeopleouttosea.Lifesaversrescued300people.Thelargestmassrescueinthehistoryofsurfbathing,itconfirmedtheplaceofthelifesaverinthenationalimagination.

FBondiBeachistheendpointoftheCitytoSurfFunRunwhichisheldeachyearinAugust.Australiansurfcarnivalsfurtherinstilledthisimage.AroyalSurfCarnivalwasheldatBondiBeachfortheQueenElizabethIIduringherfirstvisitedinAustraliain1954.Since1867,therehavebeenoverfiftyvisitsbyamemberoftheBritishRoyalFamilytoAustralia.Inadditiontomanyactivities,theBondiBeachMarketsisopeneverySunday.ManywealthypeoplespendChristmasDayatthebeach.However,theshortageofhousesoccurswhenlotsofpeoplecrushedtoseaside.Manlyistheseashoretownwhichsolvedthisproblem.However,peoplestillchooseBondiasthesatisfieddestinationratherthanManly.

GBondiBeachhasacommercialareaalongCampbellParadeandadjacentsidestreets,featuringmanypopularcafes,restaurants,andhotels,withviewsofthecontemporarybeach.ItisdepictedaswhollymodernandEuropean.Inthelastdecade,BondiBeaches’uniquepositionhasseenadramaticriseinsveltehousesandapartmentstotakeadvantageoftheviewsandscentofthesea.Thevalleyrunningdowntothebeachisfamousworldoverforitsviewofdistinctiveredtiledroofs.ThosearchitecturesaredeeplyinfluencedbyBritishcostaltown.

HBondiBeachhostedthebeachvolleyballcompetitionatthe2000SummerOlympics.Atemporary10,000-seatstadium,amuchsmallerstadium,2warm-upcourts,and3trainingcourtsweresetuptohostthetournament.TheBondiBeachVolleyballStadiumwasconstructedforitandstoodforjustsixweeks.Campaignersopposeboththesocialandenvironmentconsequencesofthedevelopment.Thestadiumwilldividethebeachintwoandseriouslyrestrictpublicaccessforswimming,walking,andotherformsofoutdoorrecreation.PeopleprotestfortheirhumanrightsofhavingapureseasideandargueforhealthlifeinBondi.

I“They’repreparedtorisklivesandrisktheBondibeachenvironmentforthesakeofeightdaysofvolleyball”,saidStephenUnicake,aconstructionlawyerinvolvedinthecampaign.Otherenvironmentalconcernsincludethepossibilitythatsoildredgedupfrombelowthesandwillacidifywhenbroughttothesurface.

Questions1-5

DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage1

Inboxes1-5onyouranswersheet,write

TRUEifthestatementagreeswiththeinformation

FALSEifthestatementcontradictstheinformation

NOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthis

1.ThenameoftheBondibeachisfirstcalledbytheBritishsettlers.

2.TheaboriginalcultureinAustraliaisdifferentwhencomparedwithEuropeanculture.

3.Bondibeachareaholdsmanycontemporaryhotels

4.TheseasidetowninBondiisaffectedbyBritishcultureforitscharacteristicredcolor.

5.LivingnearBondiseashoreisnotbeneficialforhealth.

Questions6-9

AnswerthequestionsbelowusingNOMORETHANTWOWORDSAND/ORNUMBERSfromthepassageforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersinboxes6-9onyouranswersheet

6.Attheendof19thcentury,whichpublictransportdidpeopleusetogotobondi

7.WhendidtheBritishRoyaltyfirstvisitBondi

8.WhichOlympiceventdidBondiholdin2000SydneyOlympicgames

9.WhatwouldbedamagedifthestadiumwasbuiltforthatOlympicevent

Questions10-13

CompletethefollowingsummaryoftheparagraphsofReadingPassage.

UsingnomorethantwowordsfromtheReadingPassageforeachanswer.

Writeyouranswersinboxes10-13onyouranswersheet.

Bondibeachholdsthefeaturesportactivitieseveryyear,whichattractslotof......10......choosingtoliveatthisplaceduringholidays.Butlocalaccommodationcannotmeetwiththeexpandingpopulation,anearbytownof......11......isthefirstsuburbsitetosupportthesolution,yetpeopleprefer......12......astheirbestchoice.Itsseasidebuildingsarewell-knownintheworldforthespecialsceniccolored13...............onbuildingsandthejoyfulsmellfromthesea

READINGPASSAGE2

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions14-26,whicharebasedonReadingPassage2below.

CorporateSocialResponsibility

Broadlyspeaking,proponentsofCSRhaveusedfourargumentstomaketheircase:moralobligation,sustainability,licensetooperate,andreputation.Themoralappeal-arguingthatcompanieshaveadutytobegoodcitizensandto"dotherightthing"–isprominentinthegoalofBusinessforSocialResponsibility,theleadingnonprofitCSRbusinessassociationintheUnitedStates.Itasksthatitsmembers"achievecommercialsuccessinwaysthathonorethicalvaluesandrespectpeople,communities,andthenaturalenvironment."Sustainabilityemphasizesenvironmentalandcommunitystewardship.

AAnexcellentdefinitionwasdevelopedinthe1980sbyNorwegianPrimeMinisterGroHarlemBrundtlandandusedbytheWorldBusinessCouncilforSustainableDevelopment“Meetingtheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.”Thenotionoflicensetooperatederivesfromthefactthateverycompanyneedstacitorexplicitpermissionfromgovernments,communities,andnumerousotherstakeholderstodobusiness.Finally,reputationisusedbymanycompaniestojustifyCSRinitiativesonthegroundsthattheywillimproveacompany’simage,strengthenitsbrandenlivenmorale,andevenraisethevalueofitsstock.

CAcompany’simpactonsocietyalsochangesovertime,associalstandardsevolveandscienceprogresses.Asbestos,nowunderstoodasaserioushealthrisk,wasthoughttobesafeintheearly1900s,giventhescientificknowledgethenavailable.Evidenceofitsrisksgraduallymountedformorethan50yearsbeforeanycompanywasheldliablefortheharmsitcancause.Manyfirmsthatfailedtoanticipatetheconsequencesofthisevolvingbodyofresearchhavebeenbankruptedbytheresults.Nolongercancompaniesbecontenttomonitoronlytheobvioussocialimpactsoftoday.Withoutacarefulprocessforidentifyingevolvingsocialeffectsoftomorrow,firmsmayrisktheirverysurvival.

EThebestcorporatecitizenshipinitiativesinvolvefarmorethanwritingacheck:Theyspecifyclear,measurablegoalsandtrackresultsovertime.AgoodexampleisGE’sprogramtoadoptunderperformingpublichighschoolsnearseveralofitsmajorU.S.facilities.Thecompanycontributesbetween$250,000and$1millionoverafive-yearperiodtoeachschoolandmakesin-kinddonationsaswell.GEmanagersandemployeestakeanactiverolebyworkingwithschoolofficialstoassessneedsandmentorortutorstudents.Inanindependentstudyoftenschoolsintheprogrambetween1989and1999,nearlyallshowedsignificantimprovement,whilethegraduationrateinfourofthefiveworstperformingschoolsdoubledfromanaverageof30%to60%.

Effectivecorporatecitizenshipinitiativessuchasthisonecreategoodwillandimproverelationswithlocalgovernmentsandotherimportantconstituencies.What’smore,GE’semployeesfeelgreatprideintheirparticipation.Theireffectisinherentlylimited,however.Nomatterhowbeneficialtheprogramis,itremainsincidentaltothecompany’sbusiness,andthedirecteffectonGE’srecruitingandretentionismodest.

Questions14-20

Thereadingpassagehassevenparagraphs,A-G

ChoosethecorrectheadingforparagraphsA-Gfromthelistbelow.

Writethecorrectnumber,i-xi,inboxes14-20onyouranswersheet.

iHowCSRmayhelponebusinesstoexpand

iiCSRinmanyaspectsofacompany’sbusiness

iiiACSRinitiativewithoutafinancialgain

ivLackofactionbythestateofsocialissues

vDrivesorpressuresmotivatecompaniestoaddressCSR

vithepastillustratesbusinessareresponsibleforfutureoutcomes

viiCompaniesapplyingCSRshouldbeselective

viiiReasonsthatbusinessandsocietybenefiteachother

14.ParagraphA

15.ParagraphB

16.ParagraphC

17.ParagraphD

18.ParagraphE

19.ParagraphF

20.ParagraphG

Questions21-22

CompletethefollowingsummaryoftheparagraphsofReadingPassage。

Writeyouranswersinboxes21-22onyouranswersheet.

TheimplementofCSR,HOW

PromotionofCSRrequirestheunderstandingofinterdependencebetweenbusinessandsociety.Corporationsworkers’productivitygenerallyneedhealthcare,Education,andgiven21...............Restrictionsimposedbygovernmentandcompaniesbothprotectconsumersfrombeingtreatedunfairly.Improvementofthesafetystandardcanreducethe22...............ofaccidentsintheworkplace.Similarlysocietybecomesapoolofmorehumanneedsandaspirations.

Questions23-26

Usetheinformationinthepassagetomatchthecompanies(listedA-C)withopinionsordeedsbelow.

Writetheappropriateletters,A,BorCinboxes23-26onyouranswersheet.

NByoumayuseanylettermorethanonce

Listofcompanies

A.GeneralElectronics

B.Microsoft

C.Wholefoodsmarket

23.Thedisposablewaste

24.Thewaycompanypurchasesasgoods

25.Helpingtheundeveloped

26.ensuringthepeoplehavethelatestinformation

READINGPASSAGE3

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions27-40,whicharebasedonReadingPassage3below.

MechanismsofLinguisticChange

AThechangesthathavecausedthemostdisagreementarethoseinpronunciation.Wehavevarioussourcesofevidenceforthepronunciationsofearliertimes,suchasthespellings,thetreatmentofwordsborrowedfromotherlanguagesorborrowedbythem,thedescriptionsofcontemporarygrammariansandspelling-reformers,andthemodernpronunciationsinallthelanguagesanddialectsconcernedFromthemiddleofthesixteenthcentury,thereareinEnglandwriterswhoattempttodescribethepositionofthespeech-organsfortheproductionofEnglishphonemes,andwhoinventwhatareineffectsystemsofphoneticsymbols.Thesevariouskindsofevidence,combinedwithaknowledgeofthemechanismsofspeech-production,canoftengiveusaverygoodideaofthepronunciationofanearlierage,thoughabsolutecertaintyisneverpossible.

BWhenwestudythepronunciationofalanguageoveranyperiodofafewgenerationsormore,wefindtherearealwayslarge-scaleregularitiesinthechanges:forexample,overacertainperiodoftime,justaboutallthelong[a:]vowelsinalanguagemaychangeintolong[e:]vowels,orallthe[b]consonantsinacertainposition(forexampleattheendofaword)maychangeinto[p]consonants.Suchregularchangesareoftencalledsoundlaws.Therearenouniversalsoundlaws(eventhoughsoundlawsoftenreflectuniversaltendencies),butsimplyparticularsoundlawsforonegivenlanguage(ordialect)atonegivenperiod

CItisalsopossiblethatfashionplaysapartintheprocessofchange.Itcertainlyplaysapartinthespreadofchange:onepersonimitatesanother,andpeoplewiththemostprestigearemostlikelytobeimitated,sothatachangethattakesplaceinonesocialgroupmaybeimitated(moreorlessaccurately)byspeakersinanothergroup.Whenasocialgroupgoesupordownintheworld,itspronunciationofRussian,whichhadformerlybeenconsidereddesirable,becameonthecontraryanundesirablekindofaccenttohave,sothatpeopletriedtodisguiseit.SomeofthechangesinacceptedEnglishpronunciationintheseventeenthandeighteenthcenturieshavebeenshowntoconsistinthereplacementofonestyleofpronunciationbyanotherstylealreadyexisting,anditislikelythatsuchsubstitutionswerearesultofthegreatsocialchangesoftheperiod:theincreasedpowerandwealthofthemiddleclasses,andtheirsteadyinfiltrationupwardsintotheranksofthelandedgentry,probablycarriedelementsofmiddle-classpronunciationintoupper-classspeech.

DAlessspecificvariantoftheargumentisthattheimitationofchildrenisimperfect:theycopytheirparents’speech,butneverreproduceitexactly.Thisistrue,butitisalsotruethatsuchdeviationsfromadultspeechareusuallycorrectedinlaterchildhood.Perhapsitismoresignificantthatevenadultsshowacertainamountofrandomvariationintheirpronunciationofagivenphoneme,evenifthephoneticcontextiskeptunchanged.This,however,cannotexplainchangesinpronunciationunlessitcanbeshownthatthereissomesystematictrendinthefailuresofimitation:iftheyaremerelyrandomdeviationstheywillcanceloneanotheroutandtherewillbenonetchangeinthelanguage.

EOnesuchforcewhichisofteninvokedistheprincipleofease,orminimizationofeffort.Thechangefromfussytofuzzywouldbeanexampleofassimilation,whichisaverycommonkindofchange.Assimilationisthechangingofasoundundertheinfluenceofaneighbouringone.Forexample,thewordscantwasonceskamt,butthe/m/hasbeenchangedto/n/undertheinfluenceofthefollowing/t/.Greaterefficiencyhasherebybeenachieved,because/n/and/t/arearticulatedinthesameplace(withthetipofthetongueagainsttheteeth-ridge),whereas/m/isarticulatedelsewhere(withthetwolips).Sotheplaceofarticulationofthenasalconsonanthasbeenchangedtoconformwiththatofthefollowingplosive.Amorerecentexampleofthesamekindofthingisthecommonpronunciationoffootballasfootball.

FAssimilationisnottheonlywayinwhichwechangeourpronunciationinordertoincreaseefficiency.Itisverycommonforconsonantstobelostattheendofaword:inMiddleEnglish,word-final[-n]wasoftenlostinunstressedsyllables,sothatbaken‘tobake’changedfrom[‘ba:kan]to[‘ba:k3],andlaterto[ba:k].Consonant-clustersareoftensimplified.Atonetimetherewasa[t]inwordslikecastleandChristmas,andaninitial[k]inwordslikeknightandknow.Sometimesawholesyllableisdroppedoutwhentwosuccessivesyllablesbeginwiththesameconsonant(haplology):arecentexampleistemporary,whichinBritainisoftenpronouncedasifitweretempory.

Questions27-30

Completethesummarybelow.

ChooseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromthepassageforeachanswer.

Writeyouranswersinboxes1-4onyouranswersheet.

Thepronunciationoflivinglanguageundergochangesthroughoutthousandsofyears.LargescaleregularChangesareusuallycalled27_____.Therearethreereasonsforthesechanges.Firstly,theinfluenceofonelanguageonanother;whenonepersonimitatesanotherpronunciation(themostprestige’s),theimitationalwayspartlyinvolvingfactorof28_____.Secondly,theimitationofchildrenfromadults1languagesometimesare29_____,andmayalsocontributetothischangeifthereareinsignificantdeviationstoughlatertheymaybecorrected.Finally,forthoserandomvariationsinpronunciation,thedeeperevidenceliesinthe30_____orminimizationofeffort.

Questions31-37

DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage

Inboxes5-11onyouranswersheet,write

31.Itisimpossibleformodernpeopletofindpronunciationofwordsinanearlierage

32.ThegreatchangeoflanguageinRussianhistoryisrelatedtotherisingstatusandfortuneofmiddleclasses.

33.Allthechildrenlearnspeechesfromadultswhitetheyassumethatcertainlanguageisdifficulttoimitateexactly.

34.Pronunciationwithcausalinaccuracywillnotexertbiginfluenceonlanguagechanges.

35.Theword'scant'canbepronouncedmoreeasilythan'skamt'

36.The[g]ingnatnotbeingpronouncedwillnotbespeltoutinthefuture.

37.Thesoundof‘temporary’cannotwhollypresentitsspelling.

Questions38-40

Lookatthefollowingsentencesandthelistofstatementsbelow.

Matcheachstatementwiththecorrectsentence,A-D.

Writethecorrectletter,A-D,inboxes12-14onyouranswersheet

ASincethespeakerscanpronounceitwithlesseffort

BAssimilationofasoundundertheinfluenceofaneighbouringone

CItisatrendforchangesinpronunciationinalargescaleinagivenperiod

DBecausethespeakercanpronounce[n]and[t]bothinthesametime

38.Asaconsequence,‘b’willbepronouncedas

39.Thepronunciationof[mt]changedto[nt]

40.Theomitof‘finthesoundofChristmas

Keys

Passage1

1.FALSE

2.NOTGIVEN

3.NOTGIVEN

4.TRUE

5.FALSE

6.tram

7.1954

8.beachvolleyball

9.environment

10.wealthypeople

11.Manly

12.Bondi

13.tiledroofs

Passage2

14.v

15.viii

16.vi

17.vii

18.iii

19.i

20.ii

21.equalopportunity

22.internalcosts

23.C

24.C

25.A

26.B

Passage3

27.soundlaws

28.fashion

29.imperfect

30.principleofease

31.FALSE

32.FALSE

33.NOTGIVEN

34.TRUE

35.TRUE

36.NOTGIVEN

37.TRUE

38.C

39.B

40.A

【写作】

A类小作文:

数据类图表

非数据类图表

表格

饼图(Hot)

流程图

线图

柱图

地图(Hot)

以下为地图例题及范文解析:

题目:Theplanbelowshowsthechangesofamuseumbetween1998and2008.

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.

解题思路:

本篇为典型的历史变迁地图题。类似地图题可参考沪江留学对本次考试的小作文预测与范文。

作答此类题目,需要考生筛选出两个年份同一地点的新增的、消失的、变化的内容,从而进行对比描述。同时需要注意是过去年份过去时态的应用。

参考范文:

Themapsclearlyindicatethechangesofamuseuminadecadefrom1998to2008.

In1998,themuseumwasquiteplainascanbeseenfromthepicture.Theticketofficewasjustinfrontoftheentrancedoor.Thengoingforward,youwouldseeagardensetinthecentreofthemuseumwithacafebarrightbehindit.Thesefourareaswerelocatedinalineinthemiddleofthemuseum,dividingthefloorplanintothreeparts,wheretheexhibitionroomwasplacedontheleftwhilethewashroomandcloakroomontheright.

Theyear2008didnotseemuchalterationsoftheentranceortheticketoffice.However,thegardenwasmodifiedbyafountainandseatingforcafeaswell,sincethecoffeebarwasmovedfromthebackofthemuseumtotheleftofthegarden.Besides,thecloakroomwascancelledandthewashroomtooktheoriginalplaceofthecafe,leavingplentyofroomfortherightareainthemuseumwhereexhibitionswerebeingheld.

重点表达:

①plain:adj.朴素,简单

②cloakroom:n.衣帽间;物品寄存

③alteration:n.改变

④plentyof:足够的

本次机经真题解析由以下沪江留学老师产出

王倩竹老师

沪江网校留学资深教研老师,同济大学英语语言文学硕士,主攻雅思托福等留学考试。参与沪江网校《雅思保七冲八》、UnlockA1-B2雅思能力课程、WorldEnglishB1、新版雅思6.5分阅读、新版雅思7分听力等课程的设计规划与制作,并帮助多名1V1学生达到雅思写作7分。

A类大作文:

教育类

Nowadays,full-timeuniversitystudentstendtofocusontheirstudying.Somepeoplethinkitisessentialforuniversitystudentstobeinvolvedinotheractivities.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Computersarewidelyusedineducation,andsomepeoplethinkteachersdonotplayanimportantroleintheclassroom.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Asscientistscontributemoretothedevelopmentofoursocietythanotherpeopledo,sciencestudentsshouldgetmorefinancialsupportfromthegovernmentthanotherstudents.Doyouagreeordisagree

Childrenfinditdifficulttoconcentrateonorpayattentiontoschool.WhatarethereasonsHowcanwesolvethisproblem

Somepeoplethinkthatinordertocontinueimprovingthequalityofhighschooleducation,studentsshouldbeencouragedtoevaluateandcriticizetheirteachers,whileothersassumethiscouldresultinthelossofrespectanddignityforteachers.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.

Somepeoplethinkthatallyoungpeopleshouldberequiredtohavefull-timeeducationuntiltheyareatleast18yearsold.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

社会类

Oldgenerationsoftenholdsometraditionalideasonthecorrectwayoflife,thinkingandbehavior.However,somepeoplethinkthatitisnothelpfulfortheyounggenerationstoprepareformodernlifeinthefuture.What'syouropinion

Withthedevelopmentofmanycountries,peoplestarttoliveindividuallyandliveinverysmallfamilyunits.WhatarethecausesWhateffectsdoesithaveonsociety

政府类

Manypeoplebelievethatscientificresearchshouldbecarriedoutandcontrolledbythegovernmentratherthanprivatecompanies.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Thegovernmenthasthedutytoensurethatitscitizenshaveahealthydiet,whileothersbelievethisisindividuals'responsibility.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouropinion.

环境类

Withtheincreasingdemandforenergysourcesofoilandgas,peopleshouldlookforsourcesofoilandgasinremoteanduntouchedplaces.Dotheadvantagesoutweighthedisadvantagesofdamagingsuchareas

Somepeoplethinkthatinsteadofpreventingclimatechange,weneedtofindawaytolivewithit.Doyouagreeordisagree

Somepeoplesaythebestwaytosolvetheenvironmentalproblemistoraisethepriceoffuel,towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

Environmentalproblemsaretoobigforindividualcountriesandindividualpeopletoaddress.Wehavereachedthestagewheretheonlywaytoprotecttheenvironmentistoaddressitataninternationallevel.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisstatement

Nuclearenergyisabettersourcesofenergytomeettheincreasingdemandofenergy.Doyouagreeordisagree

犯罪类

Todayprisonisthemostcommonsolutionforcrime.Butsomepeoplethinkthatitwouldbeamoreeffectivewaytoprovidethemwithbettereducationtopreventthemfrombecomingcriminals.Doyouagreeordisagree

Somepeoplebelievethatyoungpeoplewhocommitseriouscrimesshouldbepunishedinthesamewayasadults.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Manypeopleareafraidtoleavetheirhomesbecauseoftheirfearofcrime.Somebelievethatmoreactionshouldbetakentopreventcrime,butothersfeelthatlittlecanbedone.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.

科技类

Theincreaseinfoodproductionowesmuchtofertilizersandbettermachinery,butsomepeoplethinkthatithasanegativeimpactonhumanhealthandcommunity.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Somepeoplethinkit’snecessarytouseanimalsfortestingmedicinesintendedforhumanuse.Others,however,thinkit’snotrighttodothat.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouownopinion.

Somepeoplethinkthatrobotsareveryimportantforhumans'futuredevelopment.Others,however,thinkthatrobotsareadangerousinventionthatcouldhavenegativeeffectsonsociety.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouropinion.

Somepeoplethinkthattheincreasinguseofcomputersandmobilephonesforcommunicationhashadanegativeeffectonyoungpeople'sreadingandwritingskills.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

工作类

Insomecountriesitisillegalforcompaniestorejectjobapplicantsfortheirage.Isthispositiveornegativetothedevelopment

Countrieswithalongaverageworkingtimearemoreeconomicallysuccessfulthanthosecountrieswhichdonothavealongworkingtime.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

媒体类

Inmanycountriestelevisionshowsmanyforeign-madeprogrammers.Thedominanceofimportedentertainmentisharmfultotheculturesofthesecountries.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Researchshowsthatovereatingcanbejustasharmfulassmoking.Thus,theadvertisingofcertainfoodproductsshouldbebanned,ascigaretteisbannedinmanycountries.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

旅游类

Tourismisamultibillion-dollarindustrythatsupportseconomicdevelopment.Howeversomepeoplethinkthatitcausestoomuchdamagetothelocalenvironmentandculture.Doyouagreeordisagree

Foreigntouristsabroadshouldbechargedmorethanlocalpeoplewhenvisitingthelocalhistoricalandculturaltouristattractions.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

其他类

Somepeoplebelievefamouspeople'ssupporttowardsinternationalaidorganizationsdrawstheattentiontoproblems,whileothersthinkcelebritiesmaketheproblemslessimportant.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouropinion.

Somepeopleprefertoprovidehelpandsupportdirectlytothosewhoneeditintheirlocalcommunity.Others,however,prefertogivemoneytonationalandinternationalcharitableorganizations.Discussbothsidesandgiveyourownopinion.

以下为重点话题及范文解析:

题目:Somepeoplesaythebestwaytosolvetheenvironmentalproblemistoraisethepriceoffuel,towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

题型:同意与否型

话题:环境类

解题思路:本题的任务是问“是否同意解决环境问题的最好办法是提高燃油价格”。通常,对于这种绝对类的命题,我们选择的观点是不同意,这样会比较好写。提高燃油价格貌似可以减少人们对驾驶私家车的需求,其实不然。然后说明还有其他更好的可替代方案来解决环境问题。

Today,environmentalpollutionisaveryseriousproblemthatworriestheworld.Somepeopleascribethisissuetotheoverconsumptionoffuelandsuggestthathikingthefuelpricecanbethebestsolution.Personally,Idonotagree.

Itisplausiblethatifthefuelpriceissoaring,morecarownerswillopttodrivelessandusepublictransportinstead,whichisenvironmentallysound.However,itdoesnotnecessarilyworkthatway.Severalstudieshavefoundthattheriseoffossilfuelpricehasonlyatinyimpactonitsdemand.Thisisbecausethecostoffuel,evenafterthepricerise,isstillcomparativelylowerthanotherdailynecessitiesandtherefore,isaffordableformostconsumers.Ifthepriceoffuelincreasestoalargedegree,itwillhaveanunfavourableeffectonthenationaleconomy.

Despitethis,thereareotheralternativemeasurescanbetakentohelpmitigatetheenvironmentalproblems.Oneofthemostsustainablesolutionsistoeducatethepublictoraisetheirconsciousnessofpollutionprevention.Itisclearthatthepollutionarisesmainlyduetohuman’slackofawarenessandtheirirresponsiblebehaviourstowardstheenvironment.Therefore,comparedwithraisingthefuelprice,itismoreeffectivetomakeenvironmentalprotectionawayoflifeamongthecitizens.Anotherpossiblesolutioncanbethedevelopmentofpollution-freeproductslikehybridvehiclesaswellasemployingrecycledmaterialsinmanufacturing.

Inconclusion,whenitcomestopreventingenvironmentalpollutions,raisingthepriceoffuelisnotaneffectivewaytosolvethetrouble.Ibelievethateachindividual’sefforttosavetheearthandtheuseofeco-friendlymaterialsinindustriesaremorepractical.

①ascribe…to…:把……归因于……

②hike:v.使大幅上升

③environmentallysound:对环境无害的

④toalargedegree:很大程度上

⑤mitigate:v.缓解

⑥sustainable:adj.可持续的

⑦hybridvehicles:混合动力车

李敏老师

沪江网校雅思教研,英国杜伦大学毕业;英文专业8级;高中英语教师资格证书等,主攻雅思托福等留学考试。参与沪江网校WorldEnglishA2和B1、新版雅思6.5分写作、新版雅思7分写作等课程的设计规划与制作。

【口语】

以下为本场考试部分高频话题解析:

Part1

Music

Whendoyoulistentomusic

参考答案:

There’snofixedtime.BasicallyI’lllistentomusicwheneverIhavetimeorIaminthemood.ForexampleIoftenlistentomusiconthesubway,duringbreaks,orbeforegoingtobed.

Howmuchtimedoyouspendlisteningtomusiceveryday

Notmuch.Onehouratmost.BecauseI’mverybusywithmywork,soIdon’treallyhavemuchtimelisteningtomusic.ButIwouldgotoconcertsfromtimetotime,inthatcaseImightspendhourslisteningtomyfavoritebandorsinger.

Whatkindsofmusicdoyoulistento

I’dliketolistentomanykindsofmusic.Forexamplepopmusic,rockmusicandclassicalmusic.ButifIhavetochooseaparticularone,Iwouldgoforclassicalmusic,becauseitcancalmmedownwhenIfeelstressed.

Haveyoueverbeentoaconcertbefore

Yes,veryoften.AndIgotodifferentconcerts,likerockconcertsorclassicalconcerts.Ithinkit’sagoodwaytorelaxmyselfandenjoysomeexcellentperformances.

Part2&3

Part2题目

Describeaperfectvacationyouwouldliketohaveinthefuture.

Youshouldsay:

Whereyouwanttogo

Whenyouwouldliketogo

Whatyouwanttodo

Whoyouwanttogowith

Andexplainwhyitwouldaperfectvacation.

提示:

Speakingofaperfectvacation,I’dliketogotoIcelandtoseetheaurora.ActuallyI’vedonesomeresearchonline,anditissaidthatthelighthouseinthecapitalReykjavikisagoodspottoseetheaurora.AndpeopleusuallygotherebetweenDecemberandFebruaryasitistheactiveseasonfortheaurora,butstormisalsoquitefrequentduringthisperiod,Imightnotbeabletoseethespectacularview.SoI’mthinkingofgoingtherebetweenAugustandOctoberastheweatherwouldbemuchbetter.IfIhavethechance,I’dliketogotoIcelandwithmyfamily,wecanlieinthefamousIceHouseandwatchthestunningaurora.

IthinkitwouldbeaperfectvacationbecausetheauroraisoneofthenaturalwondersI’veneverseenbefore,anditislikeamustinmytravellinglist,anditwouldbemuchhappierifIcangowithmyfamilybecauseIdon’thavemuchtimetobewiththemduringworkdays.Inaddition,Ialsofoundapackagetouronline,whichmeansIwouldn’thavetoworrytoomuchabouttheaccommodationandtransport.ThishelpsalotbecauseI’venoideaaboutthelocalsituation.

重点词汇及表达:

①aurora:名词;极光

Eg:Theprotonauroraisinvisibletothenakedeyeandhasneverbeenviewedfromspace.

②spectacular:形容词;壮观的,惊人的

Eg:GreatJohnStreethasprettyspectacularrooms,withEgyptiancottonsheetsandfree-standingbaths.

③stunning:形容词;极好的

Eg:Movies,musicandgamescomealivewithfullandclearsoundtoaccompanystunningvisuals.

④packagetour:词组;包价旅游,套餐游,跟团游

Eg:ThecompanyalsobelievesthatSouthEastAsiaoffersahugeopportunityinthehotelsandpackagetourbusiness.

Part3题目

1.Doyoulikelongvacationsorshortvacations

Ipreferlongvacations.Therearequiteafewshortholidaysinmycountry,liketheDragonBoatFestivalortheMid-autumnDay.Theseareathree-dayholiday,basicallyit’sjustaweekendplusonedayoff,soitmakesnodifference.ThereforeIreallylongforSpringFestivalorNationalHoliday,atleasttherearesevendaysoffandIcanfullyrecoverfromaproperrest.

①dayoff:词组;放假,休息

Eg:Hedecidedthathewouldtakethenextdayoffandresumeworkthefollowingday.

②proper:形容词;适当的,恰当的,合适的

Eg:Thearmymustbekittedoutwithpropermedicalsupplies.

2.What'sthemostpopulartouristattractioninChina

That’saveryinterestingquestion.AsChinaisaveryhugecountry,therearelotsofpopulartouristattractionsineverysingleprovince.Frommyperspective,IthinkthemostrepresentativeoneistheForbiddenCity.Asitusedtobethepalaceforseveraldynasties,itistheessenceofChineseculture.

①representative:形容词;典型的,有代表性的

Eg:TheseInsuranceInstitutefiguresareafewyearsold,buttheyarethelatestavailableandstillrepresentative.

②essence:名词;本质,精华

Eg:Wechangeenvironments,changecountriesandjobs,changehomes,butouressenceisimmutable.

3.What'sthemostimportantfactorforatouristattraction

Wellit’sdifficulttosay.Iguessit’ssafety.Asmanypeoplewillflushtotouristattractionsespeciallyonholidays,sosafetyisofgreatsignificance.Thestaffshouldmakesurethattheescaperouteisclear,andallthefacilitiesandequipmentareingoodconditions,ofcoursemedicalassistanceisalsoneeded.

①significance:名词;意义,重要性

Eg:Thecouncilhaspreparedareportwhichreviewsthestadium'shistoryandassessesitssignificance.

②escaperoute:词组;疏散通道,逃生路线

Eg:Andtherewasnoemergencylightingtoshowthequickestescaperoute,headded.

4.Doyouthinkweshouldhavemorepublicholidays

Definitely.Wedohaveafewthree-daypublicholidays,inmanycasesit’sjustaweekendplusonedayoff,andwehavetoworkforonemoredaytomakeupthisonedayoff,soitmakesnodifferenceatall.Andthereareonlyfivedaysfortheannualleaveinmanycompanies.Weareindeedinagreatneedofmorerealpublicholidays.

①makeup:词组;弥补

Eg:They'lldoalltheycantomakeuptheeconomiclosses.

②annualleave:词组;年假

Eg:Theteammembersweretakingannualleaveinordertomaketheweek-longtrip.

本次口语解析由以下沪江留学老师产出

黄函老师

沪江网校首席雅思口语名师;英国谢菲尔德大学毕业;英文专业8级;5年以上英文教学经验。

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