1、剑71-2Itisgenerallybelievedthatsomepeoplearebornwithcertaintalents,forinstanceforsportormusic,andothersarenot.However,itissometimesclaimedthatanychildcanbetaughttobecomeagoodsportspersonormusician.Discussboththeseviewsandgiveyourownopinion.Therelative
2、importanceofnaturaltalentandtrainingisafrequenttopicofdiscussionwhenpeopletrytoexplaindifferentlevelsofabilityin,forexample,sport,artormusic.Obviously,educationsystemsarebasedonthebeliefthatallchildrencaneffectivelybetaughttoacquiredifferentskills,inclu
3、dingthoseassociatedwithsport,artormusic.Sofromourownschoolexperience,wecanfindplentyofevidencetosupporttheviewthatachildcanacquiretheseskillswithcontinuedteachingandguidedpractices.Ipersonallythinkthatsomepeopledohavetalentsthatareprobablyinheritedvia
4、theirgenes.Suchtalentscangiveindividualsafacilityforcertainskillsthatallowthemtoexcel,whilemorehard-workingstudentsnevermanagetoreachacomparablelevel.But,aswithallquestionsofnatureversusnurture,theyarenotmutuallyexclusive.Goodmusiciansorartistsandexcept
5、ionalsportsstarshaveprobablysucceededbecauseofbothgoodtrainingandnaturaltalent.Withoutthenaturaltalent,continuoustrainingwouldbeneitherattractivenorproductive,andwithoutthetraining,thechildwouldnotlearnhowtoexploitanddeveloptheirtalent.Inconclusion.Iagreet
6、hatanychildcanbetaughtparticularskills,buttobereallygoodinareassuchasmusic,artorsport,thensomenaturaltalentisrequired.剑72-1ThegraphbelowshowstheconsumptionoffishandsomedifferentkindsofmeatinaEuropeancountrybetween1979and2004.Summarisetheinformationb
7、yselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Thegraphillustrateschangesintheamountsofbeef,lamb,chickenandfishconsumedinaparticularEuropeancountrybetween1979and2004.In1979beefwasbyfarthemostpopularofthesefoods,withabout225grams
8、consumedperpersonperweek.Lambandchickenwereeateninsimilarquantities(around150grams),whilemuchlessfishwasconsumed(justover50grams).However,duringthis25-yearperiodtheconsumptionofbeefandlambfelldramaticallytoapproximately100gramsand55gramsrespectively.The
9、consumptionoffishalsodeclined,butmuchlesssignificantlytojustbelow50grams,soalthoughitremainedtheleastpopularfood,consumptionlevelswerethemoststable.Theconsumptionofchicken,ontheotherhand,showedanupwardtrend,overtakingthatoflambin1980andthatofbeefin19
10、89.By2004ithadsoaredtoalmost250gramsperpersonperweek.Overall,thegraphshowshowtheconsumptionofchickenincreaseddramaticallywhilethepopularityoftheseotherfoodsdecreasedovertheperiod.剑73-2Asmostpeoplespendamajorpartoftheiradultlifeatwork,jobsatisfaction
11、isanimportantelementofindividualwell-being.WhatfactorscontributetojobsatisfactionHowrealisticistheexpectationofjobsatisfactionforallworkersNowadaysmanyadultshavefull-timejobsandtheproportionoftheirlivesspentdoingsuchjobisveryhigh.Sofeelingsaboutonesjobm
12、ustreflecthowanindividualfeelsabouthisorherlifeasawhole,andbecauseofthis,jobsatisfactionisindeedveryimportantforthewell-beingofthatperson.Employeesgetjobsatisfactioninanumberofways.Firstly,apersonneedstofeelthattheyaredoingvaluedandvaluablework,so
13、positivefeedbackfromsuperiorsisveryimportantinthisrespect.Asenseoffulfillmentisalsoencouragedifaworkerfeelsthejobisworthdoingbecauseitcontributestothesocietyortheeconomyasawhole.Secondly,whensomeonefeelstheyareimprovingordevelopingtheirskillsthrough
14、trainingopportunities,forexample,thenthereisasenseofprogressionandpurposethatrewardsaworker.Thesenseofbelongingtoateamoraworkingcommunityalsocontributestojobsatisfactionbecausecolleagueshelpeachothertoenjoytheirworkinglives.Satisfactionisalsoincreasedby
15、asenseofresponsibilityforandloyaltytoateam.Ofcoursenoteveryoneenjoystheirwork.Hardeconomicrealitiesmeanthatmanypeoplehavelittlechoiceinthekindofjobtheycanget.Insomecasesanemployeeisworkinginajobthatsuitsneithertheirskillsnortheirpersonality.Somej
16、obsarerepetitiveandboring,andlabourrelationsmaybepoorandleadtoresentmentandinsecurityratherthantojobsatisfaction.However,eventhoughitisunlikelythatallworkersdofeelhappyintheirworrk,Ithinkitisnotunrealistictopromotemorejobsatisfactioninanyjob.Ifthef
17、actorsidentifiedaboveareimplemented,thenanyjobcanbeimprovedandmoreworkerscanfeelgreaterdegreesofjobsatisfaction.剑74-1ThepiechartsbelowshowunitsofelectricityproductionbyfuelsourceinAustraliaandFrancein1980and2000.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandrepo
18、rtingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.TheychartscomparethesourcesofelectricityinAustraliaandFranceintheyears1980and2000.Betweentheseyearselectricityproductionalmostdoubled,risingfrom100unitsto170inAustralia,andfrom90to180unitsinFrance.In
19、1980Australiausedcoalasthemainelectricitysource(50units)andtheremainderwasproducedfromnaturalgas,hydropower(eachproducing20units)andoil(whichproducedonly10units).By2000,coalhadbecomethefuelformorethan75%ofelectricityproducedandonlyhydrocontinuedtobeanothersignificantsourcesupplyingappr