中高口真题答案2018年8月11日雅思考试题目预测

Section1&Section2重点场景(生活类):招聘面试,艺术装饰,选课须知,旅行住宿,艺术鉴赏,剧院环境介绍,公园导览。

Section3&Section4重点场景(学术类):选课咨询,流程介绍,作业反馈,论文讨论,动物讲座,金融与商业。

Section1

Questions1-10

Questions1-5

NEWJOBS

WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSforeachanswer.

ExampleJameshasnotseenAnnielatelyduetospendinglonghoursatwork.

1Jamesenjoysthe_____ofhiswork.

2Anniedoesnotenjoyallthe_____forherwork.

3Annie’sjobinvolves_____,andofferingadvicetolandmanagersorownerswhowishtomakechanges.

4Annieworksinthecouncil’s_____division.

5Annieoutlinesherclients’legalobligations,andproposesthe_____oftheirland.

Questions6-7

ChooseTWOletters.A-E

WriteNOMORETHANONEWORDforeachanswer.

Fiona’sCompany

Whatthebusinesssells:4_____

Ideaforbusiness:5_____society

Businesscustomers:6_____

Question7

ChooseONEletter,A-E.

WhichTWOofthefollowingarelikelytocausethefarmerdifficultiesinherdevelopmentapplication

ANewaccommodation

BAnewroad

COlivetrees

DAvolcano

EAwetland

Questions8-10

Answerthequestionsbelow.

WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSORANUMBERforeachanswer.

8ForwhomdoesAnniethinkcarefullycontrolledlanduseisvaluable

__________

9WhendidatramserviceceaseinJamesandAnnie'stown

10WhatdidJamesstudyatuniversity

SECTION2

Questions11-20

Questions11-14

Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.

11Accordingtothespeaker,whyisitagoodlimeforD-l-Ypainting

ATherearebetterproductsavailablenow.

BMaterialcostlessthantheyusedto.

CPeoplehavemorefreetimethanbefore.

12Whathappenedin2009intheUK

AArecordvolumeofpaintwassold.

BAlargeamountofpaintwaswasted

CTherewasamajorprojecttorepaintpublicbuildings.

13Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutpaintquantity

AIt’snotnecessarytohaveexactroommeasurements.

BIt'sbettertooverestimatethantounderestimate.

CAnautomaticcalculatorcanbedownloadedfromtheInternet

14WhatdoesCommunityRePaintdo

AItpaintspeople'shouseswithoutpayment.

BItcollectsunwantedpaintandgivesitaway.

CItsellsunusedpaintanddonatesthemoneytocharity.

Questions15-16

ChooseTWOletters,A-E.

WhatTWOpiecesofadvicedoesthespeakergiveaboutpaint

ADon'tbuyexpensivepaint.

BTestthecolourbeforebuyingalot

CChoosealightcolour.

DUsewater-basedpaint

EBuyenoughpaintformorethanoneapplication.

Questions17-18

WhatTWOpiecesofadvicedoesthespeakergiveaboutpreparation

AReplaceanylooseplaster.

BDon'tspendtoolongpreparingsurfaces.

CUsedecorators'soaptoremovegreasefromwalls.

DWashdirtywallswithwarmwater.

EPaintovercracksandsmallholes.

Questions19-20

WhetTWOpiecesofadvicedoesthespeakergiveaboutpainting

APutahealerintheroom.

BWashbrushesincoldwater.

CUsearollerwithashortpile.

DApplypaintdirectlyfromthetin.

EOpendoorsandwindows.

Section3

Questions21to30

Questions21to23

ChooseTHREEletters,A-G.

WhichTHREEfactorsdoesMarco’stutoradvisehimtoconsiderwhenselectingacourse

A

possibilityofspecialisation

B

relevancetofuturecareer

C

personalinterest

D

organisationofcourse

E

assessmentmethods

F

rangeoftopics

G

reputationoflecturer

Question24-27

ChoosethecorrectletterA,BorC.

24WhydoesMarco’stutoradvisehimtoavoidtheTeamManagementcourse

AItwillrepeatworkthatMarcohasalreadydone.

BItisintendedforstudentsatalowerlevelthanMarco.

CItmaytaketoomuchtimetodowell.

25WhydoesMarcowanttodoadissertation

AHethinksitwillhelphisfuturecareer.

BHewouldliketodoadetailedstudy.

CHehasalreadydonesomeworkforit.

26WhatdoesMarco'stutorthinkaboutthedissertationoutline

AThetopicistoonarrowtobeuseful.

BTheavailabledatamaybeunsuitable

CTheresearchplanistoocomplicated.

27WhatdoesMarcodecidetodoabouthisdissertation

Acontactpotentialinterviewees

Bchangetoanothertopic

CdiscussitwithProfessorBriggs

Questions28-30

Completethesentencesbelow.

Practicaldetails

28Afirstdraftofthedissertationshouldbecompletedbytheendof_____

29Thedissertationshouldberegisteredwiththe_____ofthedepartment.

30Marcoshouldgetacopyofthestatisticsoftwareformthe_____

Section4

Questions31-40

Questions31-33

Completethenotesbelow.

WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.

Peopleborrowmoneyforseveralreasons:

31.tobuyahouseyouneeda_____

32.tobuyacaryouneedto_____

33.tobuyeverydayitemsyouneed_____

Questions34-37

34.Peopleindevelopedcountrieshave_____tocredit.

35.Forpoorpeople,theymustuseaprivatelenderfora_____.

36.Peoplehaveincreasingdebtswhentheycannot_____.

37.Thismightbebecauseofsomethingunplanned,forexample,afailedbusinessor_____.

Questions38-40

Completetheflowchartbelow.

Answerkey

1.location

2.travelling

3.surveying

4.EcologicalAssessment

5.bestuse

6-7.BE(ineitherorder)

8.Futuregenerations

9.1956

10.Psychology

Section2

11A

12B

13C

14B

15/16BD

17/18A/C

19/20BE

21.B

22.D

23.F

24.A

25.B

26.C

27.A

28.march

29.secretary

30.computeroffice

31.amortgage/mortgages

33.acreditcard/creditcards/extramoney

35.(high(er)-interest)loan

37.losingajob

39.(is)never

32.getaloan

34.easyaccess

36.repayinterest

38.full-timeservant

40.bondage

【阅读】

READINGPASSAGE1

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.

Thehistoryoftheposter

Theappearanceoftheposterhaschangedcontinuouslyoverthepasttwocenturies.

Thefirstposterswereknownas‘broadsides’andwereusedforpublicandcommercialannouncements.Printedononesideonlyusingmetaltype,theywerequicklyandcrudelyproducedinlargequantities.Astheyweremeanttobereadatadistance,theyrequiredlargelettering.

Therewereanumberofnegativeaspectsoflargemetaltype.Itwasexpensive,requiredalargeamountofstoragespaceandwasextremelyheavy.Ifaprinterdidhaveacollectionoflargemetaltype,itwaslikelythattherewerenotenoughletters.Soprintersdidtheirbestbymixingandmatchingstyles.

Commercialpressureforlargetypewasansweredwiththeinventionofasystemforwoodtypeproduction.In1827,DariusWellsinventedaspecialwooddrill-thelateralrouter-capableofcuttinglettersonwoodblocks.TherouterwasusedincombinationwithWilliamLeavenworth’spantograpn(1834)tocreatedecorativewoodenlettersofallshapesandsizes.Thefirstpostersbegantoappear,buttheyhadlittlecolouranddesign;oftenwoodentypewasmixedwithmetaltypeinaconglomerationofstyles.

Amajordevelopmentinposterdesignwastheapplicationoflithography,inventedbyAloisSenefelderin1796,whichallowedartiststohand-drawletters,openingthefieldoftypedesigntoendlessstyles.ThemethodinvolveddrawingwithagreasycrayonontofinelysurfacedBavarianlimestoneandoffsettingthatimageontopaper.Thisdirectprocesscapturedtheartist'strueintention;however,thefinalprintedimagewasinreverse.Theimagesandletteringneededtobedrawnbackwards,oftenreflectedinamirrorortracedontransferpaper.

Asaresultofthistechnicaldifficulty,theinventionofthelithographicprocesshadlittleimpactonpostersuntilthe1860s,whenJulesCheretcameupwithhis‘three-stonelithographicprocess’.Thisgaveartiststheopportunitytoexperimentwithawidespectrumofcolours.

Althoughtheprocesswasdifficult,theresultwasremarkable,withnuancesofcolourimpossibleinothermediaeventothisday.Theabilitytomixwordsandimagesinsuchanattractiveandeconomicalformatfinallymadethelithographicposterapowerfulinnovation.

Startinginthe1870s,postersbecamethemainvehicleforadvertisingpriortothemagazineeraandthedominantmeansofmasscommunicationintherapidlygrowingcitiesofEuropeandAmerica.YetinthestreetsofParis,MilanandBerlin,theseartisticprintsweresopopularthattheywerestolenoffwallsalmostassoonastheywerehung.Cheret,laterknownas‘thefatherofthemodernposter’,organisedthefirstexhibitionofpostersin1884andtwoyearslaterpublishedthefirstbookonposterart.Hequicklytookadvantageofthepublicinterestbyarrangingforartiststocreateposters,atareducedsize,thatweresuitableforin-homedisplay.

ThankstoCheret,theposterslowlytookholdinothercountriesinthe1890sandcametocelebrateeachsociety’suniqueculturalinstitutions:thecafeinFrance,theoperaandfashioninItaly,festivalsinSpain,literatureinHollandandtradefairsinGermany.ThefirstpostershowswereheldinGreat

BritainandItalyin1894,Germanyin1896andRussiain1897.Themostimportantpostershowever,tomanyobservers,washeldinReims,France,in1896andfeaturedanunbelievable1,690postersarrangedbycountry.

Intheearly20thcentury,thepostercontinuedtoplayalargecommunicationroleandtogothrougharangeofstyles.Bythe1950s,however,ithadbeguntosharethespotlightwithothermedia,mainlyradioandprint.Bythistime,mostposterswereprintedusingthemassproductiontechniqueofphotooffset,whichresultedinthefamiliardotpatternseeninnewspapersandmagazines.Inaddition,theuseofphotographyinposters,beguninRussiainthetwenties,startedtobecomeascommonasillustration.

Inthelatefifties,anewgraphicstylethathadstrongrelianceontypographicelementsinblackandwhiteappeared.ThenewstylecametobeknownastheInternationalTypographicStyle.Itmadeuseofamathematicalgrid,strictgraphicrulesandblack-and-whitephotographytoprovideaclearandlogicalstructure.Itbecamethepredominantstyleintheworldinthe1970sandcontinuestoexertitsinfluencetoday.

Itwasperfectlysuitedtotheincreasinglyinternationalpost-warmarketplace,wheretherewasastrongdemandforclarity.Thismeantthattheaccessibilityofwordsandsymbolshadtobetakenintoaccount.Corporationswantedinternationalidentification,andeventssuchastheOlympicscalledforuniversalsolutions,whichtheTypographicStylecouldprovide.

However,theInternationalTypographicStylebegantoloseitsenergyinthelate1970s.Manycriticiseditforbeingcold,formalanddogmatic.

AyoungteacherinBasel.WolfgangWeingart,experimentedwiththeoffsetprintingprocesstoproducepostersthatappearedcomplexandchaotic,playfulandspontaneous-allinstarkcontrasttowhathadgonebefore.Weingart'sliberationoftypographywasanimportantfoundationforseveralnewstyles.TheserangedfromMemphisandRetrototheadvancesnowbeingmadeincomputergraphics.

Completethetablebelow.

ChooseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromthepassageforeachanswer.

EarlyPrintingMethods

Questions6-9

WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromthepassageforeachanswer.

JulesCheret

Questions10-13

Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationinthereadingpassage

Write

TRUEifthestatementagreeswiththeinformation

FALSEifthestatementcontradictstheinformation

NOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthis

10Bythe1950s.photographsweremorewidelyseenthanartists'illustrationsonposters.

11FeaturesoftheTypographicStylecanbeseeninmodern-dayposters.

12TheTypographicStylemetaglobalneedataparticulartimeinhistory.

13WeingartgotmanyofhisideasfromhisstudentsinBasel.

READINGPASSAGE2

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions14-26,whicharebasedonReadingPassage2below.

InternalandExternalMarketing

AEmployeesneedtohearthesamemessagesthatyousendouttothemarketplace.Atmostcompanies,however,internalandexternalcommunicationsareoftenmismatched.Thiscanbeveryconfusing,anditthreatensemployees’perceptionsofthecompany’sintegrity:Theyaretoldonethingbymanagementbutobservethatadifferentmessageisbeingsenttothepublic.Onehealthinsurancecompany,forinstance,advertisedthatthewelfareofpatientswasthecompany’snumberonepriority,whileemployeesweretoldthattheirmaingoalwastoincreasethevalueoftheirstockoptionsthroughcostreductions.Andonemajorfinancialservicesinstitutiontoldcustomersthatitwasmakingamajorshiftinfocusfrombeingafinancialretailertoafinancialadviser,but,ayearlater,researchshowedthatthecustomerexperiencewiththecompanyhadnotchanged.Itturnedoutthatcompanyleadershadnotmadeanefforttosellthechangeinternally,soemployeeswerestillchurningouttransactionsandhadn'tchangedtheirbehaviortomatchtheirnewadviserrole.

CThetypeof"two-waybranding”thatIBMdidsosuccessfullystrengthensbothsidesoftheequation.Internalmarketingbecomesstrongerbecauseitcandrawonthesame“bigidea”asadvertising.Consumermarketingbecomesstrongerbecausethemessagesaredevelopedbasedonemployees’behaviorandattitudes,aswellasonthecompany’sstrengthsandcapabilities-indeed,thethemesaredrawnfromthecompany’sverysoul.Thisprocesscanresultinamoredistinctadvertisingideabecausemarketersaremorelikelytocreateamessagethat'suniquetothecompany.

EWhenitcomestoexecution,themostcommonandeffectivewaytolinkinternalandexternalmarketingcampaignsistocreateexternaladvertisingthattargetsbothaudiences.IBMusedthistacticveryeffectivelywhenitlauncheditse-businesscampaign.Ittookoutaneight-pageadintheWallStreetJournaldeclaringitsnewvision,amessagedirectedatbothcustomersandinternalstakeholders.Thisisanexpensivewaytocaptureattention,butifusedsparingly,itisthemostpowerfulformofcommunication;infact,youneeddoitonlyonceforeveryoneinthecompanytoreadit.There’sasymbolicadvantageaswell.Suchatacticsignalsthatthecompanyistakingitspledgeveryseriously;italsosignalstransparency—thesamemessagegoingouttobothaudiences.

FAdvertisingisn’ttheonlywaytolinkinternalandexternalmarketing.AtNike,anumberofseniorexecutivesnowholdtheadditionaltitleof“CorporateStoryteller.”Theydeliberatelyavoidstoriesoffinancialsuccessesandconcentrateonparablesof“justdoingit,”reflectingandreinforcingthecompany’sadcampaigns.Onetale,forexample,recallshowlegendarycoachandNikecofounderBillBowerman,inanefforttobuildabettershoeforhisteam,pouredrubberintothefamilywaffleiron,givingbirthtotheprototypeofNike’sfamousWaffleSole.Bytalkingaboutsuchinventivemoves,thecompanyhopestokeepthespiritofinnovationthatcharacterizesitsadcampaignsaliveandwellwithinthecompany.

Questions14-20

Usetheinformationinthepassagetomatchthecompany(listedA-F)withcorrectcategoryordeedsbelow.

WritetheappropriatelettersA-Finboxes14-20onyouranswersheet

NByoumayuseanylettermorethanonce

A.legendaryanecdoteinspireemployeesuccessfully

B.advertisementcampaigninspireemployeesandensureleadingroleinbusiness

C.improperadscampaignbringsnegativeeffect

D.internalandexternalannouncementaredifferent

E.campaignbringspositiveandrealisticexpectationinternally

F.abadsloganthatfailedbothtowinsupportinternallyandraisestandardtoitspoorservice

14.OnehealthinsuranceCompany

15.BritishRail

16.IBM

17.UnitedAirline

18.Afinancialservicecompany

19.AShoemakingcompany(Nike)

20.TheCompanyof(Ford)

Questions21-24

DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage2

Inboxes21-24onyouranswersheet,write

TRUEifthestatementistrue

FALSEifthestatementisfalse

NOTGIVENiftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage

21.Employersinalmostallcompaniessuccessfullymaketheiremployeesfullyunderstandtheoutsidecampaign.

22.CurrentlyIBMismoreprominentintheareaofE-business

23.UnitedAirlinefinallygaveupandadssloganduetoasurveyin1996.

24.Nikehadimprovedcompanyperformancethroughtellingemployeeslegendarycorporationstories.

Questions25-26

ChooseTwocorrectlettersbelow

Writeyouranswersinboxes25-26onyouranswersheet.

PleasechooseTWOapproachesinthepassagementionedthatwereemployedascompanystrategy:

A.promotingthevisualeffectoftheirproducts’advertisement

B.launchinginspiringcampaignsinternally

C.introducinginnercompetition

D.learninghowtotellstoriesamongseniorexecutives

E.applyinganappropriateslogan

READINGPASSAGE3

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions27-40,whicharebasedonReadingPassage3below.

Greenvirtuesofgreensand

Revolutioninglossrecyclingcouldhelpkeepwaterclean

AForthepast100yearsspecialhighgradewhitesanddugfromthegroundatLeightonBuzzardintheUKhasbeenusedtofiltertapwatertoremovebacteriaandimpuritiesbutthismaynolongerbenecessary.AnewfactorythatturnsusedwinebottlesintogreensandcouldrevolutionisetherecyclingindustryandhelptofilterBritain’sdrinkingwater.Backedby$1.6mfromtheEuropeanUnionandtheDepartmentforEnvironment,FoodandRuralAffairs(Defra),acompanybasedinScotlandisbuildingthefactory,whichwillturnbeveragebottlesbackintothesandfromwhichtheyweremadeinthefirstplace.Thegreensandhasalreadybeensuccessfullytestedbywatercompaniesandisbeingusedin50swimmingpoolsinScotlandtokeepthewaterclean.

BTheideaisnotonlytoavoidusingupanincreasinglyscarcenaturalresource,sandbutalsotosolveacrisisintherecyclingindustry.Britainuses5.5mtonnesofglassayear,butrecyclesonly750,000tonnesofit.TheproblemisthathalfthegreenbottleglassinBritainisoriginallyfromimportedwineandbeerbottles.Becausethereissomuchofit,anditisusedlessindomesticproductionthanothertypes,greenglassisworthonly$25atonne.Clearglass,whichismelteddownandusedforwhiskybottles,mainlyforexport,isworthdoublethatamount.

CHowardDrvden,ascientistandmanagingdirectorofthecompany.DrvdenAqua,ofBonnyrigg,nearEdinburgh,hasspentsixyearsworkingontheproducthecallsActiveFiltrationMedia,orAFM.Heconcedesthathehasgivenwhatisbasicallyrecycledglassa‘fancyname'toremovethestigmaofwhatmostpeoplewouldregardasaninferiorproduct.HesaysheneedsbottlesthathavealreadycontaineddrinkableliquidstobesurethatdrinkingwaterfilteredthroughtheAFMwouldnotbecontaminated.Crusheddownbeverageglasshasfewerimpuritiesthanrealsandanditperformedbetterintrials.*ThefactisthattestsshowthatAFMdoesthejobbetterthansand,itiseasiertocleanandreuseandhasallsortsofpropertiesthatmakeitidealforotherapplications.'heclaimed.

DThefactoryisdesignedtoproduce100tonnesofAFMaday,althoughMrDrydenregardsthisasalarge-scalepilotprojectratherthanfullproduction.CurrentestimatesoftheUKmarketforthisglassforfilteringdrinkingwater,sewage,industrialwater,swimmingpoolsandfishfarmingarebetween175.000to217.000tonnesayear,whichwilluseupmostoftheglassavailablenearthefactory.Soheintendstobuildfiveorsixfactoriesincitieswheretherearelargequantitiesofbottles,inordertocutdownontransportcosts.

EThecurrentfactorywillbecompletedthismonthandisexpectedtogointofullproductiononJanuary14thnextyear.Onceitisprovidinga‘regular’product,thegovernment’sdrinkingwaterinspectoratewillbeaskedtoperformtestsandapproveitforwidespreadusebywatercompanies.ADefraspokesmansaiditwashopedthatAFMcouldmeetapprovalwithinsixmonths.Theonlyproblemthattheycouldforeseewaspossiblecontaminationifsomeglasscamefromsourcesotherthanbeveragebottles.

FAmongthosewhohavetestedtheglassalreadyisCarolineFitzpatrickofthecivilandenvironmentalengineeringdepartmentofUniversityCollegeLondon.‘Wehavelookedatanumberofbatchesanditappearstodothejob.'shesaid.‘Basically,sandismadeofglassandMrDrydenisturningbottlesbackintosand.Itseemsastraightforwardideaandthereisnoreasonwecanthinkofwhyitwouldnotwork.Sinceglassfromwinebottlesandotherbeverageshasnoimpuritiesandclearlydidnotleachanysubstancesintothecontentsofthebottles,therewasnoreasontobelievetherewouldbeaproblem,’DrFitzpatrickadded.

GMrDrydenhassetupanetworkofagentsroundtheworldtosellAFM.ItisalreadyinuseincentralAmericatofilterwateronbananaplantationswherethefruithastobewashedbeforebeingdespatchedtoEuropeanmarkets.Itisalsoinuseinsewageworkstofilterwaterbeforeitisreturnedtorivers,somethingwhichisbecominglegallynecessaryacrosstheEuropeanUnionbecauseoftighterregulationsonsewageworks.Sothereareagreatnumberofapplicationsinvolvingcleaningupwater.Currently,however,AFMcosts$670atonne,aboutfourtimesasmuchasgoodqualitysand.‘Hutthatisbecausewehaven'tgotlarge-scaleproduction.Obviously,whenwegetgoingitwillcostalotless,andbecompetitivewithsandinpriceaswell.’MrDrydensaid.‘Ibelieveitperformsbetterandlastslongerthansand,soitisgoingtobebettervaluetoo.'

HIfAFMtakesoffasaproductitwillbeabigboostforthegovernmentagencywhichischargedwithfindingamarketforrecycledproducts.Crushedglassisalreadybeingusedinroadsurfacingandinmakingtilesandbricks.Similarly.AFMcouldprovetohaveawidespreaduseandgivegreenglassacashvalue.

Questions27-36

ReadingPassage3has8paragraphslabelledA-H.

Whichparagraphcontainsthefollowinginformation

WritethecorrectletterA-Hinboxes27-36onyouranswersheet.

NBYoumayuseanylettermorethanonce.

27adescriptionofplanstoexpandproductionofAFM

28theidentificationofapotentialdangerintherawmaterialforAFM

29anexampleofAFMuseintheexportmarket

30acomparisonofthevalueofgreenglassandothertypesofglass

31alistofpotentialapplicationsofAFMinthedomesticmarket

32theconclusionsdrawnfromlaboratorychecksontheprocessofAFMproduction

33identificationofcurrentfundingfortheproductionofgreensand

34anexplanationofthechosenbrandnameforcrushedgreenglass

35adescriptionofplansforexportingAFM

36adescriptionofwhathastohappenbeforeAFMisacceptedforgeneraluse

Questions37-40

Completethesummarybelow.

ChooseNOMORETHANTWOWORDSfromthepassageforeachanswer.

Writeyouranswersinboxes11-14onyouranswersheet.

Greensand

Theuseofcrushedgreenglass(AFM)mayhavetwosignificantimpacts:itmayhelptosaveadiminishing37_____whileatthesametimesolvingamajorproblemforthe38_____intheUK.However,accordingtoHowardDryden,onlyglassfrombottlesthathavebeenusedfor39_____canbeusedintheproductionprocess.AFMismoreeffectivethan40_____asawaterfilter,andalsohasotheruses.

Keys

Passage1

1.storagespace

2.invention

3.colouranddesign

4.greasycrayon

5.transferpaper

6.wordsandimages

7.masscommunication

8.exhibition

9.uniqueculturalinstitutions

10.FALSE

11.TRUE

12.TRUE

13.NOTGIVEN

Passage2

14.D

15.C

16.B

17.F

18.C

19.A

20.E

21.FALSE

22.TRUE

23.TRUE

24.NOTGIVEN

26.E

Passage3

27.D

28.E

29.G

30.B

31.D

32.F

33.A

34.C

35.G

36.E

37.naturalresource

38.recyclingindustry

39.drinkableliquids/beverages

40.(real)sand

【写作】

A类小作文:

数据类图表

非数据类图表

表格

饼图(Hot)

流程图

线图

柱图(Hot)

地图(Hot)

以下为饼图例题及范文解析:

题目:ThefirstchartbelowshowshowenergyisusedinanaverageAustralianhousehold.Thesecondchartshowsthepercentageofgreenhousegasemissionswhichresultfromthisenergyuse.

解题思路:

本题为静态柱状图的描写。第一个饼状图是描述澳大利亚家庭的能源使用情况,第二个饼图是描述这些能源使用产生的温室效应气体的比例。在描述时,可以每个图自成一个主体段来进行描述。

参考范文:

ThefirstchartillustratestheaverageenergyusageinanAustralianfamilywhilethesecondchartpresentsthepercentageofgreenhousegasemissionscausedbytheenergyconsumption.

Itcanbeclearlyseenfromthefirstpiechartthatheatingrequiresthemostenergy,at42%ofthetotal,followedbywaterheatingwhichrepresentsalmostathird.Theotherappliancesconstitute15percentofthetotalconsumptionofenergywhilerefrigeration,lightingandcoolingaccountforsmallerproportionsofenergyuseat7%,4%andonly2%respectively.

Whileheatingisthegreatestuseofenergy,itonlycauses15%ofthetotalgreenhousegases,whichisnotregardedasthegreatestproducerofgreenhousegases.Instead,waterheatingsystemsemitthegreatestquantityofgreenhousegasesatalittleoverathirdofallgases,whichisproportionaltoitstotaluse.Theotherappliancesinahousearethesecondbiggestproducer,releasing28%.Similaramountsareemittedbythecombinationofrefrigeration(14%),lighting(8%)andcooling(3%)systems.

Overall,theheatingproduceslowshareofgreenhousegascomparedwithitsenergyuse,soitismoreeco-friendlythanothersortsofenergyuse.

重点表达:

①represent:v.等于,相当于

②constitute:v.构成

③emit:v.放,释放

④beproportionalto:与......成比例的

⑤share:n.份额

本次机经真题解析由以下沪江留学老师产出

李敏老师

沪江网校雅思教研,英国杜伦大学毕业;英文专业8级;高中英语教师资格证书等,主攻雅思托福等留学考试。参与沪江网校WorldEnglishA2和B1、新版雅思6.5分写作、新版雅思7分写作等课程的设计规划与制作。

A类大作文:

教育类

Nowadays,full-timeuniversitystudentstendtofocusontheirstudying.Somepeoplethinkitisessentialforuniversitystudentstobeinvolvedinotheractivities.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Computersarewidelyusedineducation,andsomepeoplethinkteachersdonotplayanimportantroleintheclassroom.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Asscientistscontributemoretothedevelopmentofoursocietythanotherpeopledo,sciencestudentsshouldgetmorefinancialsupportfromthegovernmentthanotherstudents.Doyouagreeordisagree

Childrenfinditdifficulttoconcentrateonorpayattentiontoschool.WhatarethereasonsHowcanwesolvethisproblem

Somepeoplethinkthatinordertocontinueimprovingthequalityofhighschooleducation,studentsshouldbeencouragedtoevaluateandcriticizetheirteachers,whileothersassumethiscouldresultinthelossofrespectanddignityforteachers.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.

Somepeoplethinkthatallyoungpeopleshouldberequiredtohavefull-timeeducationuntiltheyareatleast18yearsold.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

社会类

Oldgenerationsoftenholdsometraditionalideasonthecorrectwayoflife,thinkingandbehavior.However,somepeoplethinkthatitisnothelpfulfortheyounggenerationstoprepareformodernlifeinthefuture.What'syouropinion

Withthedevelopmentofmanycountries,peoplestarttoliveindividuallyandliveinverysmallfamilyunits.WhatarethecausesWhateffectsdoesithaveonsociety

政府类

Manypeoplebelievethatscientificresearchshouldbecarriedoutandcontrolledbythegovernmentratherthanprivatecompanies.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Thegovernmenthasthedutytoensurethatitscitizenshaveahealthydiet,whileothersbelievethisisindividuals'responsibility.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouropinion.

环境类

Withtheincreasingdemandforenergysourcesofoilandgas,peopleshouldlookforsourcesofoilandgasinremoteanduntouchedplaces.Dotheadvantagesoutweighthedisadvantagesofdamagingsuchareas

Somepeoplethinkthatinsteadofpreventingclimatechange,weneedtofindawaytolivewithit.Doyouagreeordisagree

Somepeoplesaythebestwaytosolvetheenvironmentalproblemistoraisethepriceoffuel,towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

Environmentalproblemsaretoobigforindividualcountriesandindividualpeopletoaddress.Wehavereachedthestagewheretheonlywaytoprotecttheenvironmentistoaddressitataninternationallevel.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisstatement

Nuclearenergyisabettersourcesofenergytomeettheincreasingdemandofenergy.Doyouagreeordisagree

犯罪类

Todayprisonisthemostcommonsolutionforcrime.Butsomepeoplethinkthatitwouldbeamoreeffectivewaytoprovidethemwithbettereducationtopreventthemfrombecomingcriminals.Doyouagreeordisagree

Somepeoplebelievethatyoungpeoplewhocommitseriouscrimesshouldbepunishedinthesamewayasadults.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Manypeopleareafraidtoleavetheirhomesbecauseoftheirfearofcrime.Somebelievethatmoreactionshouldbetakentopreventcrime,butothersfeelthatlittlecanbedone.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.

科技类

Theincreaseinfoodproductionowesmuchtofertilizersandbettermachinery,butsomepeoplethinkthatithasanegativeimpactonhumanhealthandcommunity.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Somepeoplethinkit’snecessarytouseanimalsfortestingmedicinesintendedforhumanuse.Others,however,thinkit’snotrighttodothat.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouownopinion.

Somepeoplethinkthatrobotsareveryimportantforhumans'futuredevelopment.Others,however,thinkthatrobotsareadangerousinventionthatcouldhavenegativeeffectsonsociety.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouropinion.

Somepeoplethinkthattheincreasinguseofcomputersandmobilephonesforcommunicationhashadanegativeeffectonyoungpeople'sreadingandwritingskills.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

工作类

Insomecountriesitisillegalforcompaniestorejectjobapplicantsfortheirage.Isthispositiveornegativetothedevelopment

Countrieswithalongaverageworkingtimearemoreeconomicallysuccessfulthanthosecountrieswhichdonothavealongworkingtime.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

媒体类

Inmanycountriestelevisionshowsmanyforeign-madeprogrammers.Thedominanceofimportedentertainmentisharmfultotheculturesofthesecountries.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

Researchshowsthatovereatingcanbejustasharmfulassmoking.Thus,theadvertisingofcertainfoodproductsshouldbebanned,ascigaretteisbannedinmanycountries.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

旅游类

Tourismisamultibillion-dollarindustrythatsupportseconomicdevelopment.Howeversomepeoplethinkthatitcausestoomuchdamagetothelocalenvironmentandculture.Doyouagreeordisagree

Foreigntouristsabroadshouldbechargedmorethanlocalpeoplewhenvisitingthelocalhistoricalandculturaltouristattractions.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

其他类

Somepeoplebelievefamouspeople'ssupporttowardsinternationalaidorganizationsdrawstheattentiontoproblems,whileothersthinkcelebritiesmaketheproblemslessimportant.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouropinion.

Somepeopleprefertoprovidehelpandsupportdirectlytothosewhoneeditintheirlocalcommunity.Others,however,prefertogivemoneytonationalandinternationalcharitableorganizations.Discussbothsidesandgiveyourownopinion.

以下为重点话题及范文解析:

题目:Somepeoplethinkthatinsteadofpreventingclimatechange,weneedtofindawaytolivewithit.Doyouagreeordisagree

题型:同意与否型

话题:环境类

解题思路:本题讨论的中心是“我们要顺应还是阻止气候变化”,提示在写主体段落时,更多偏向于论述采取不同态度的原因,而不是单纯分析气候变化的成因或者危害。考生在写作时很容易针对气候变化这个现象本身,而忘记与题目中给到的态度产生关联,从而偏题跑题。

Asmostpartsoftheworldaregettingwarmerandwarmerintherecentdecades,climatechangehasbecomeanissueknowntothemasses.Nevertheless,opinionsonhowtodealwiththeproblemdiverge.Frommyperspective,itisridiculoustoadjustourlifetotheon-goingenvironmentworseningwithoutresortingtoanyactivecountermeasures.

Someinnocentpeoplemightthinkthereisnoproblemtolivewithahighertemperature,butunfortunately,therisksofglobalwarmingarefarmorethanafewscorchingdaysinsummerorthegraduallyrisingsealevels.Actuallytheyaremerelythefirstfewblocksinadominoeffect,followedbyaseriesofdisasterssuchasextremeweatherconditions,animalextinctionsandshrunkcontinentsonland,allofwhichcanbarelybesolvedbysimplysettinganair-conditionerintheroom.Therefore,onlywithalong-termviewcanweseetheurgetotreatclimatechangeseriouslyandtakeactionstopreventtheexacerbation.

Tobemoreexplicit,learningtolivewithclimatechangewillneverbethebestoption.Onthecontrary,drasticallyreducinggreenhousegasemissionsfromnowonisthewiseronecomparedwithfixingtherunawaydestabilizationlater.Oncebeingignored,theissueofclimatechangewillultimatelyleadstothethawingoficeinthepoles,andthentheunavoidableflood,famineandlarge-scalemalignantepidemicdiseasecomeby.Atthatpoint,theenvironmentalproblemevolvesintoamuchmorecostlyandcomplicatedsocialandpoliticalone.Soitisadvisabletoaddresstheclimatechangeissueattheearlierstagebeforeitistoolate.

Allinall,climateissuescanbeamajorproblemifnottackledproperly,bothenvironmentallyandpolitically.Thereforeitisnecessaryforthoseshort-sightedtorealisethesignificanceofclimatechange,aswellasthebenefitofadoptingproperapproachestostoptheloss.

①diverge:v.分歧,不一致

②ridiculous:adj.荒谬的

③scorching:adj.炎热的

④dominoeffect:连锁效应

⑤explicit:adj.清晰的

⑥runaway:adj.失控的

⑦large-scalemalignantepidemicdisease:大规模恶性传染病

本次机经由以下沪江留学老师产出

王倩竹老师

沪江网校留学资深教研老师,同济大学英语语言文学硕士,主攻雅思托福等留学考试。参与沪江网校《雅思保七冲八》、UnlockA1-B2雅思能力课程、WorldEnglishB1、新版雅思6.5分阅读、新版雅思7分听力等课程的设计规划与制作,并帮助多名1V1学生达到雅思写作7分。

【口语】

以下为本场考试部分高频话题解析:

Part1

Travel(spacetravel)

Doyouwanttotravelintheouterspace

参考答案:

Yeahthatwouldbefantastic!Ialwayswanttoexperiencethegravity-freecondition,anditwouldbeamazingtooverlookthewholeuniversefromthespaceship.

Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadthisopportunity

Iwouldfirstattendsomespecialtrainingsregularly.I’mnotaveryfitperson,orIhavetosaysubhealthy,soIneedtoworkouttogetreadyforthepossibleweightlessnessorotherharshconditionsImightencounterinthespace.

Doyouliketotravelbyair

Yesandno.Travellingbyairisindeedveryfast,andtheserviceontheairlinecanbegoodaswell,butittakesalotoftimetogettotheairportandgothroughthesecuritycheck.Soifit’snottoofar,maybeit’sbettertotakethetrain.

Whenwasthelasttimeyouwenttravelling

IwenttoacoastalcityinthenorthernpartofChinalastweekendwithmyfriends.Wewenttherebytrainandhadalotofdeliciousseafood.Itwasanicetrip.

Part2&3

Part2题目

Describethetimewhenyouhadyourfirstcellphone.

Youshouldsay:

Whenitwas

Whatitwaslike

Howyouhadthiscellphone

Andexplainhowyoufeltaboutit

提示:

IrememberIgotmyfirstcellphonewhenIwasinmiddleschool.ItwasadomesticbrandcalledXiaxin,I’mnotsureiftheyarestillinoperationnowbutbackthenthisbrandwasquitepopular.Myfatherboughtthisphoneforme.Itwasasmallcellphonejusthalfthesizeofmypalm.Andcellphonesatthattimewerenormallyverysimpleandnotthatrichincolour,butminewasverypinkandcute.Soitwasquitepopularamonggirls.Howeverunlikesmartphonesnowadays,ithadnotouchscreenbutaphysicalnumerickeypad.AlthoughitwasnotasmultifunctionalasthecellphoneIhavetoday,IstilllikeditalotnotonlybecauseofitscuteappearancebutalsobecauseofthememoryIhadwiththecellphone.Sinceithadaphysicalnumerickeypad,Icouldtouchtypethemessagewithoutlookingatthecellphone,soIoftensecretlysentmessagestomyfriendsinclass.Icannolongerdothesameonsmartphonesnowbecause100%IwillhavetyposifIdon’tkeepstaringatthescreen.That’sashame,Ireallymissthefeelingthatfingerstypeonthekeypadwhileeyeslookatelsewhere.

重点词汇及表达:

①palm:名词;手掌

Eg:Abirdsettledonhispalm.

②numeric:名词,形容词;数字,数字的

Eg:Togainentryandtraverseinteriordoors,youmustflashasmartcardandpunchinanumericcode.

③keypad:名词;按键,小型键盘

Eg:ThePCmodelalsoaddsaTabkeyatthetopofthenumerickeypadtoaidnumbercrunchers.

④typo:名词;打字错误,错别字

Eg:Pleaseseebelowforacorrection(markedwithanasterisk)toatypointhetranscript.

Part3题目

1.Whatagedoyouthinkchildrencouldstartusingcellphones

Ithinkit’sbetterforthemtostartusingcellphonesaftertheyenterthemiddleschool.It’snotagoodideaforchildrentousecellphonestooearlyastheylackcontrolandcaneasilygetaddictedtotheseelectronicdevices.Inaddition,spendingtoomuchtimestaringatthescreenwilldoharmtotheireyes.Iguessthat’soneofthereasonsthatmanychildreninChinahaveabadeyesight.

①stareat:词组:盯着

Eg:Otherwise,shesays,thekidswouldstareattheirphonesandnotinteractwithoneanother.

②eyesight:名词;视力

Eg:Apersonwithgoodeyesightcandistinguishdistantobject.

2.IsitpopularforchildrentousecellphonesinChina

Verypopular.Farmorepopularthanwecanimagine.IrememberseveralyearsagoIwentbacktomyprimaryschool,tomysurprise,almosteverysinglepupilgotaniPhoneandtheyweresoobsessedwiththeirphonesduringthebreak.Andrecently,IevenfoundoutthatbabieswhocanbarelytalkstartplayingiPad.I’mreallyworryaboutthissituation.

①beobsessedwith:词组;痴迷于

Eg:Wedonotthinkthatyoushouldbeobsessedwithyourportfolio.

②barely:副词;几乎不,勉强

Eg:Hewasbarelylisteninguntilthesalarywasmentioned.Thenheprickeduphisears.

3.Whatdoteenagersusecellphonesfor

Ithinktheyusecellphonesfordifferentpurposes.Forexamplethey’llusecellphonestomakeaphonecallorsendatextmessagelikeeveryonedoes.Ofcoursethey’llalsosearchforsomeinformationtohelptheirstudy.ButmostofthetimeI’mafraid,theywillwatchonlinevideos,playgamesorbrowsesocialmedia.

①browse:动词;浏览

Eg:Downloadthefullreport,theExecutiveSummaryorbrowsethereportbychapter.

②socialmedia:词组;社交媒体

Eg:AndabouthalfofAmericanadultshaveapresenceonsocialmedia,accordingtoPew.

4.Whataretheadvantages/disadvantagesofusingcellphones

Usingcellphonesononehandhasgreatlybenefitedourlife.Wecanplaceatakeawayorderorbuyamovieticketonourphones,wecanalsousemobilepaymentsystemtopayforwhatwebuy,andthat’showacashlesssocietyiscreated.Ontheotherhand,cellphonesalsoinevitablybringsomedrawbackstous.Withmoretimespentoncellphones,peoplenowadaysbecomemoreandmoreindifferent,andsomeofthemheavilyrelyoncellphonesthattheyfeelreallyanxiouswithouthavingtheirphonesathand.

①inevitably:副词;不可避免地

Eg:Financinggovernmentbyprintingmoneyinevitablyleadstohigherinflationandallofitsassociatedproblems.

②athand:副词;在手边

Eg:Iputthisbookathandonlytomeettheunexpectedneed.

本次口语解析由以下沪江留学老师产出

黄函老师

沪江网校首席雅思口语名师;英国谢菲尔德大学毕业;英文专业8级;5年以上英文教学经验。

THE END
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