新视野大学英语视听说教程第四册听力练习录音文本和答案
Unit1
II.BasicListeningPractice
1.Script
M:I’mbesidemyselfwithjoy.I’msolucky.GuesswhatI’vewonalitofmoneyinthelottery.
W:YeahWell,youdoknowthatmoneyistherootofallevil,right
Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean
2.Script
W:Marywasfurious.Hersonwreckeduphercar.
M:Heshouldn’thavedrivenacarwithoutadriver’slicense.He‘sstilltakingdrivinglesson.
Q:WhatdoweknowaboutMary’sson
3.Script
M:Susan,Ihearyou’regoingtomarrythatguy.Somepeoplethinkyou’llregretit.
W:IsthatsoOnlytimetell.
Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply
4.Script
M:Mary,IjustwanttosayhowsorryIwastolearnofyourmother’spassing.Iknowhowcloseyoutwowere
W:Thankyou.Itwassosudden.I’MstillinastateofshockIdon’tknowwhattodo.
Q:Whichoffollowingistrue
5.Script
W:Igetfuriousatworkwhenmyopinionsaren’tconsideredjustbecauseI’mawoman.
M:Youshouldairyourviewmoreemphaticallyanddemandthatyourvicebeheard.
Q:Whatisthewomancomplainingabout
Keys:1.C2.B3.D4.A5.D
III.ListeningIn
Task1:Softanswersturnawaywrath.
Mary:Dam!You’respilledredwineonme.Mynewdressisruined.
John:I’mterriblesorry!WhatcanIdotohelpHere’ssomewatertowashitoff.
Mary:Stopsplashingwateronme!Oh,thisissoembarrassing!I’mamess.
John:Well,youdolookalittleupset.Pleasedon’tblowup.Don’tloseyourcool.
Mary:Hmm,you’vegotthenervetalkinglikethat!Whoshouldn’tflyoffthehandleThisdresscostafortune.
John:Youlookreallycutewhenyou’remad.Ikidyounot.Somepeopledolookattractivewhentheyareinarage.
Mary:Thisisveryexpensivedress.Isavedformonthstobuyit,andnowit’sruined.Lookatthisstain!
John:Accidentsdohappen.Givemeyourdress,andI’lltakeittothecleaners.
Mary:Sure!YouwantmetotakeitoffrighthereinpublicandgiveittoyouIdon’tevenknowyou!
John:Thismightbeareallygooftimetogetacquainted.I’mJohnOwen.
Mary:Mmm,atleastyou’repolite.IguessIreallyshouldn’thaveflaredup.Afterall,itwasanaccident.I’mMaryHarvey.
John:Comeon.I’lltakeyouhome.Youcanchangeyourclothes,andI’llgetthedresscleanedforyou.
Mary:Nowyou’retalking.Thanks.You’rearealgentleman.
John:You’dbetterbelieveit.I’mgladtoseethatyou’vecooleddown.FeellookabitetoeatafterwardI’mstarving.
Mary:Ok.You’reprettygood.I’mnotnearlyasmad.Ifyoucangetthisstainout,I’llbeveryhappy.
John:I’lltrymybest.ButifIcan’tgetthestainout,pleasedon’tletyourhappinessturntowrath.
1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthedialog
2.Whydoesthewomangetangry
3.Whatdoesthemansaytopleasethewomanwhenshelooksangry
4.Whydoesthewomansaythemanisarealgentleman
5.Whatistheman’sfinalproposal
Keys:1D2.A3.C4.B5.C
Task2:BigJohniscoming!
Script
AbarownerintheOldWesthasjusthiredatimidbartender.This(S1)owneroftheestablishmentisgivinghisnewhiresomeinstructionson(S2)runningtheplace.Hetellsthetimidman,“IfyoueverhearthatBigJohniscomingtotown,(S3)dropeverythingandrunforthehills!He’sthebiggest,nastiest(S4)outlawwho’severlived!”
Afewweekspass(S5)uneventfully.Butoneafternoon,alocalcowhandcomesrunningthroughtown(S6)yelling,“BigJohniscoming!Runforyour(S7)lives!”
Whenthebartenderleavesthebartostartrunning,heisknockedtothegroundbyseveraltownspeoplerushingoutoftown.(S8)Ashe’spickinghimselfup,heseesalargeman,almostsevenfeettall.He’smuscular,andisgrowingasheapproachesthebar.
Hestepsuptothedoor,ordersthepoorbarkeepinside,anddemands,“IwantabeerNOW!”
Hestrikeshisheavyfistonthebar,splittingitinhalf.(S9)Thebartendernervouslyhandsthebigmanabeer,handsshaking.Hetakesthebeer,bitesthetopofthebottleoff,anddownsthebeerinonegulp.
Astheterrifiedbartenderhidesbehindthebar,thebigmangetsuptoleave,“Doyouwantanotherbeer”thebartenderasksinatremblingvoice.
“Dangit,Idon’thavetime!”thebigmanyells,(S10)“Igottogetoutoftown!Don’tyouhearBigJohniscoming”
Task3:AViewofHappiness
Dr.Smithhasproposedareasonable,ifperhapssomewhatoversimplifies,viewofhappiness.Accordingtohistheory,happinessmightbedescribedasastateifbalance.Andwhenhumanorcertainanimalsachievethatbalance,theyrendtoremaininthatconditioninordertorepeatthehappyfeeling.
Toillustratethis,wemaystudytwomagnets.Whentheirpositiveandnegativepolesmeet,theyarecomfortablyjoined,andtheyremainthere.Inotherwords,theyhaveattainedabalanceorstateofhappiness.Ifontheotherhand,oneofthepolesisreversed,andpositivepoleispressesagainstpositivepole,thereisresistance,instability,imbalanceastateofunhappiness.
Animalswithsomedegreeofintelligenceseemtofindhappinessinreinforcement.Oncetheyhavegainedoneormoreoftheirgoalssuchasfood,andwater,theylearntorepeattheactionsthatledtosatisfactionofthosegoals.Thisrepetitionorreinforcementproducesastateofbalanceorsenseofhappiness.
Accordingtothistheory,onlyanimalswithasignificantcapacitytolearnshouldbeabletoexperiencehappiness.Butintruthlearningcantakeplacethroughsurprisinglysimpleshort-termactionsuchasscratchinganitch,followedbypleasure,followedbymorescratching,andsoon.Thuslearningcanoccurwithalmostnoconsciousthought.
Forhumanbeings,blessedwiththeabilitytoreason,goalsarenotlimitedtotheshort-termsatisfactionofneeds.Indeed,thereisastronglinkbetweenhappinessandthe
1.Whydoesthespeakermention“magnets”
2.Accordingtothepassage,whatmayanimalsdoaftertheyhavegotfood
3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothespeaker
4.Whatdoesthespeakersayisspecialaboutthegoalsofhumanbeings
5.Whichofthefollowingbestcapturesthemainideaofthepassage
Keys:1D2.C3.B4.D5.A
IV.SpeakingOut
MODEL1Don’tletitgettoyou!
Susan:Youlooksoangry.Whathappened
Chris:NothingI’drathernottalkaboutit.Justdon’task.
Susan:Comeon.Relax.Talktome.
Chris:Allright.ThismorningItookmycartothegaragetochecktheairconditioner.Theyonlygaveitaquicklook,refilleditwithsomeFreon,andchargedme300bucks!
Susan:Nowonderyou’relivid.I’dbemadtooifsomeonerippedmeofflikethat.
Chris:Yeah.Andtheywererude.TheysaidIdidn’tknowanythingaboutcars,whichIdon’t,buttheydidn’thavetobeblunt!
Susan:Soundslikeyougotarawdeal!
Chris:What’sworse,asIwasleaving,Iherdthensaying,“Don’ttrustthatguy.Helooksbroke.”WhenIheardthat,Ialmosthittheroof.
Susan:Don’tletitgettoyou.Betterignorethem.
Chris:Iagree.Ididmanagetokeepmycool.
Susan:Well,thebestthingyoucandoistofileacomplaintwiththeConsumerProtectionAgency.
Chris:soundslikeagoodidea.
MODEL2I’mtoodepressed.
Susan:Chris,Ihearyou’vebeendowninthedumps,soI’vecometocheeryouup.
Chris:It’snotgongowork.I’mtoodepressed
Susan:Come,on.Tellmewhat’sonyourmind.
Chris:Everything.Mygirlfriendleftme;mydogranaway;mywalletwasstolen.
Susan:Don’tworry.I’llhelpyousolvethebiggestproblem:findingyouanewgirlfriend.
Chris:Forgetit.Anyway,I’mgettingbadgrades,andIwastoldthatI’dhavetorepeatalotofcoursesnextyear.WhenIheardthat,Ialmostlostit.
Susan:Look,relax.I’llhelpyouwiththosecourses.
Chris:Yeah,butIalsohavethreeweek’slaundrytodo.,andmyroomisapigsty.
Susan:Forgetit.You’reonyourown.
Chris:Come,on.Whatarefriendsfor
Susan:Tokeepyouinhighspirits;nottodoyourlaundry.
MODEL3Youseemtobeontopoftheworld.
Nora:Oh,hey,John!
John:Hey!
Nora:Youseemtobeontopoftheworldtonight.What’sup
John:I’msohappyI’mabouttoburst.Guesswhat
Nora:You’vegotme.
John:Itmightbetruethatmisfortunesnevercomesingly,butyoucanalsohavea“doubleblessing”.Andthat’swhatIhad.
Nora:Youmeanyou’vehadtwohappyeventsinyourlife
John:Exactly.Youknow,Iwasstronginallsubjectsexceptphysics.NowI’vefinallypassedthetest--theoneIneededtoqualifyforaBachelor’sdegree.
Nora:Congratulations!You’dfaileditthreetimes.Nowwonderyou’rebeaming.What’stheothergoodnews
John:ThemultinationalIwasdongmyfieldprojectatofferedmeajobatagoodstaringsalary.
Nora:Wow,wonderful,simplewonderful.
John:Ifeellikecelebrating.Shallwegotoabar
Nora:Whynot
NowYourTurn
Task1
SAMPLEDIALOG
A:Youlookfurious.Whathappened
B:Nothing.I’drathernottalkaboutit.Justdon’task.
A:Comeon.Youshouldn’tkeepyourfeelingtoyourself.Youneedtoletoffsomestream.So,talktome.
B:Allright.ThismorningIwenttoashoptobuyadigitalcamera,Ionlyneedanordinaryone.Itisenoughformytoursinthesummervacation.Buytheypersuadedmetobuyaprofessionalcamera,whichcostthreetimesasmuch.
A:Butyouwerewillingtobuyforit.Anyway,itmustworkbetter.
B:Yousee,Iknownexttonothingaboutphotography.Sotheysimplytrickedmeintobuyinganexpensiveone.
A:Nowonderyou’relividwithrage.I’dbemadtooifIwererobbedlikethat.Whatareyougoingtodo
B:Ialreadywentbacktothemandaskedtoexchangeitforacheaperone.
A:Whatdidtheysay
B:Oh,theywererude.Theyinsistedthattheyhadn’tencouragedmetobuyaprofessionalcamera,andthatIboughtitmyself.
A:Soundslikeyougotarawdeal!
B:What’sworse,asIwasleaving,Iheardtheysay,“Thatguylooksbroke.Heshouldn’thaveboughtanycamera.”
A:Don’tletitgettoyou.Betterignoretheirruderemarks.
B:Iagree.Ididmanagetokeepmycool.
A:Well,thebestthingyoucandoistofileacomplaintwiththeConsumerProtectionAgency.Iftheytalktotheshop,maybetheywillgiveyouarefund.
B:Soundstoogoodtobetrue.
V.Let’sTalk
Hello,everyone.TodayIinviteyoutojoinmeinanexplorationoffthecausesofdepression.Thereatemanyfactorsinvolved,butIbelievesomedeservespecialattention.
Hereditycertainlyplaysarole..Thetendencytodevelopdepressionmaybeinherited;thereisevidencethatthisdisordermayruninfamilies.
Physiologyisanotherfactorrelatedtodepression.Theremaybechangesorimbalancesinchemicalswhichtransmitinformationinthebraincalledneurotransmitters.Manymodernantidepressantdrugsattempttoincreaselevelsofcertainneurotransmitterssoastoincreasebraincommunication.Whilethecausalrelationshipisunclear;itisknownthatantidepressantmedicationsdorelievercertainsymptomsofdepression.
Researchersalsostudypsychologicalfactors.Theyincludethecomplexdevelopmentofone’spersonalityandhowonehaslearnedtocopewithexternalenvironmentalfactors,suchasstress.Itisfreeqentlyobservedthatlowself-esteemandself-defeatingthinkingareconnectedwithdepression.Whileitisnotclearwhichisthecauseandwhichistheeffect,itisknownthatsuffererswhoareabletomakecorrectionstotheirthinkingpatternscanshowimprovedmoodandself-esteem.
Anotherfactorcausingdepressionisone’searlyexperiences.Eventssuchasthedeathofaparent,thedivorceoftheparents,neglect,chronicillness,andseverephysicalabusecanalsoincreasethelikelihoodofdepressionlaterinlife.
Somepresentexperiencesmayalsoleadtodepression.Jobloss,financialdifficulties,longperiodsofunemployment,thelossofaspouseorotherfamilymember,orotherpainfuleventsmaytriggerdepression.Long-termstressathome,work,orschoolcanalsobeinvolved.
Itisworthnothingthatthoselivingwithsomeonesufferingfrom\depressionexperienceincreasedanxietywhichaddstothepossibilityoftheiralsobecomingdepressed.
Depression-causingFactors
ProblemDescription
Solution
Heredity
Itisinheritedandruninfamilies.
Physiology
changesorimbalancesinchemicalscalledneurotransmitters,whichtransmitinformationinthebrain
Antidepressantdrugsrelievecertainsymptomsofdepression.
PsychologicalFactors
Lowself-esteemandself-defeatingthinkingareconnectedwithdepression.
Suffererswhomakecorrectiontotheirthinkingpatternscanshowimprovedmoodandself-esteem.
EarlyExperiences
Eventlikethedeathofaparent,thedivorceofparents,neglect,chronicillness,andseverephysicalabusecanincreasethelikelihoodofdepression.
PresentExperiences
Jobloss,financialdifficulties,longperiodsofunemployment,thelossofaspouseorotherfamilymember,orlong-termstressmaytriggerdepression.
Livingwithsomebodywithdepression
Thiscausesincreasedanxiety,whichaddstothepossibilityoftheiralsobecomingdepressed.
VI.FurtherListeningandSpeaking
Task1:ReasonandEmotion
Emotionissometimesregardedastheoppositeofreason;sissuggestedbyphrasesuchas”appealtoemotionsratherthanreason”and“don’tletyouremotionstakeover”.Emotionalreactionssometimesproduceconsequencesorthoughtswhichpeoplemaylaterregretordisagreewith;butduringanemotionalstate,theycouldnotcontroltheiractions.Thus,itisgenerallybelievedthatoneofthemostdistinctivefactsabouthumanbeingsisacontradictionbetweenemotionandreason.
However,recentempiricalstudiesdonotsuggestthereisacleardistinctionbetweenreasonandemotion.Indeed,angerorfearcanoftenbethoughtofasaninstinctiveresponsetoobservedfact.Thehumanmindpossessesmanypossiblereactionstotheexternalworld.Thosereactionscanlieonacontinuum,withsomeoftheminvolvingtheextremeofpureintellectuallogic,whichisoftencalled“cold”,andothersinvolvingtheextremesofpureemotionnotrelatedtologicalagreement,whichiscalled“theheatofpassion”.Therelationlogicandemotionmeritscarefulstudy.Passion,emotion,orfeelingcanreinforceanargument,eventonebasedprimarilyonreason.Thisisespeciallytrueinreligionorideology,whichfrequentlydemandsanall-or-nothingrejectionoracceptance.Insuchareasofthought,humanbeingshavetoadoptacomprehensiveviewpartlybackedbyempiricalargumentandpartlybyfeelingandpassion.Moreover,severalresearchershavesuggestedthattypicallythereisno“pure”decisionorthought;thatis,nothoughtisbased“purely””onintellectuallogicor“purely”onemotion—mostdecisionsarefoundedonamixtureofboth.
1.Whatresultsdoesthespeakermaysomefromemotionalreactions
2.Whatisthepopularbeliefaboutreasonandemotion
3.Whatdoesthespeakermeanby“cold“
4.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldpeopledoinreligiousmatters
5.Whatisthespeaker’sconclusion
Keys:1.A2.B3.C4.C5.D
Task2:Depression
Pat:Youlookdepressed.AreyoufeelingblueI’vecometocheeryouup.
Ted:Butthere’snothingthatcancheermeup.I’mdowninthedumps.Life’smiserable
Pat:Youhavetotrytogetyourmindoffthings.
Ted:ButIcan’t.Ijustfeelthere’stoomuchpressureonmesometimes!
Pat:Youcan’tletthingsgetyoudown.Learntorelaxandstopworryingallthetime.What’syourproblem
Ted:Ifailedmylastexam,andanotherexamiscoming,Igetbored.
Pat:IfIwereyou,I’dstartworkinghard.Ifyouworkhardforalongtime,you’reboundtogetbettergrades.Yousee,“nopain,nogain”.
Ted:It’seasiersaidthandone!IfIreadforfifteenminutes,Igetbored.
Pat:Youhavetolearnsomeself-discipline.
ButhowcanIstaycheerfulallthetime
Ted:Worsethanthat!IfIreadforhalfanhour,Igetaheadache.ThenIstarttoworryaboutpassingthenextexam.
Pat:It’sallinyourmind.Ifyoustaycheerfullikeme,everythingwillsoonbeOK.
Ted:ButhowcanIstaycheerfulallthetime
Pat:Trytolookonthebrightsideofthings.
Ted:Butwhatifthereisn’tabrightside
Pat:Youknowthesaying:Everycloudhasasilverlining.Itmeansthere’realwaystowsidestoeverything—boththedarkandthebrightsides.So,trytoidentifyyourstrengthsandbringthenintofullplay.
Ted:Oh,no!Yourcornyoldsayingsaremakingmeevenmoredepressed.
Keys:TFFTF
Task3:Anger
Angerisanemotionthatcanbehardtocontrol.Despitethis,weshouldlearnhowtomanageangerinaconstructivemanner.Inthemostintensemomentsofanger,weusuallyhavetwochoices:tofightortorun.Somechoosetheoptionofviolence,whichisanegativereactiontoanger;andotherschoosetorun.Somemaythinkrunningmeansyouareacoward.Buttheoptionofwalkingawayandclaimingdownisthemoreproductivemethodofhandlinganger.Itisdifficulttowalkaway,especiallywhenyourheartisracing,andyourangerisboilingover.
Thereareconstructivewaysofhandlingangerinanysituation.First,youhavetostopforabriefmomentandthinkbeforeyouact.Takethatmomentandcalmdownidyoufeelyourselfbeingpushed.
Atthatmomentyoushouldadmityouareangry.Ifyourefusetoadmityou’reangryorhurt,orifyoumakeitappearthateverythingispeachesandcream,youarenotmanagingangryinaproductiveway.Youshouldfirstadmityouareangryandletyourfeelingsoutbeforeyoublowup.Foeexample,youcanstayinaquietplacebyyourselfandshout;oryoucantalktoaclosefriendtoventyourrage.Ifyoudonotacknowledgeyouranger,itonlybuildsupinsideyouandwilleventuallyexplodelikeavolcano
Then,inordertomanageyourangry,youcanaskyourselfanimportantquestionthatweallmustaskourselves,“Whatmademeangry”Whenyougettheanswer,andthenaskyourself,“Whydidthatmademeangry”Throughsuchlogicalreasoning,onetendstocalmdownandmovetowardasensiblesolution.
NewsReport
U.S.RollerCoaster
Theworld’sfirst4Drollercoaster,“X”,tookonitsfirstpassengerslastweekattheSixFlagsMagicMountainthemepark,justoutsideLosAngeles.
Afterclimbingonboardandproperlysecuringtheirsafetyharnesses,“X”ridersarefirsttoaheightofover66meters.Atthetop,thepassengertrainisreleasedandbuildsupenoughspeedtoraceandplummetaroundthetrackatspeedsofover130kmanhour.
Theridertakesthedaringpassengersdownanincredible66mdiveandoverthetopofa62mloop,incarsthatspinindependentlyoftherollercoastertrain.Thisuniquedesignallowsriderstospin360degree,bothforwardsandbackwards,throughtheentireride.
Passengershurtlethroughthisrideoftenmovinginmanydifferentdirectionsatthesametimeadthecarssomersaultbackandforthandtherollercoastertwists,loops,anddives.
Thecomplicatedseriesofmaneuversincludestworaventurn,onefrontflip,onetwistingfrontflip,andtwobackflips.
Sincepassengersaren’talwaysfacingtherightdirectiontoseewhat’scomingupnext,theelementofsurpriseishigh.For“X”riders,thisaddstothethrilloftheride.
Thetrackofthisnewestrollercoasterrunsatotallengthofalittleover1,100meters.Thepassengertrainsmeasure6meterswideand21meterslong,largeenoughtocarry28passengersatatime.Atfullcapacity,thetrainscantake1,600passengersfortherideoftheirliveseachhour.
Theentireridelastsforonlyatotalabout2minutes,butyoucantellfromtheexhilaratedfacesofpassengersreturningtotheboardingdockthattheyweretwoofthemostthrilling