大批青少年大脑正在“腐烂”?!牛津年度热词,揭露了教育最大的困境智能手机

随着科技的飞速进步和智能手机的广泛普及,我们的生活被大量的信息流所包围,然而,这种信息过载可能会导致我们的精神疲劳和智力下降,越来越多的青少年沉迷于网络,在碎片化的短视频中寻找快乐,本文将探讨“脑腐”现象的形成原因及影响,以及家长们应该如何帮助孩子们应对这个问题,下面跟随主页君一起来看看吧!

文|卯卯

From阅读第一

每一年快要结束时,牛津大学出版社都会选出一个能体现过去12个月“时代精神”的词语。

今年也不例外。

通过公众投票后,超过3.7万人在投票时将“Brainrot”一词列为首选,这一词成为了牛津大学评选出的当之无愧的年度热词。

Brainrot,直接翻译过来就是“脑腐”——指的是接触了过多社交媒体的低质量、碎片化信息后,精神和智力状态恶化,如同腐烂一般。

这样一个对于国人看起来有些生僻的词,却涉及到活在现代社会中的每一个人,甚至触及了当下中产家庭教育中最难啃的问题……

这样的首页信息流,熟悉吗?

明明已经觉得精疲力竭,但又像被黏住一样,根本放不下手机——这就是典型“脑腐”的表现,一种微妙的、几乎难以察觉的心理停滞,而当下社交媒体中,永远划不到头的线上内容则助长了这种停滞。

早在1854年梭罗的名作《瓦尔登湖》中,他就提出了“脑腐烂”这个词,用以批判社会更倾向于简单无脑的想法,而不喜欢更深刻复杂的思考,代表了一种社会精神和智力的普遍下降。

没想到170年后的当代社会,这个词再一次在网络上“爆”了。

2023年至2024年间,“脑腐”一词的使用频率足足增加了230%。

在这个充满变动、“流量为王”的时代,为了获得注意力,各种让人震惊的头条新闻不断涌现,很难有人能控制住自己不去盯着手机屏幕。

其中,近乎强迫性地不断浏览负面新闻尤其有害,不仅加剧焦虑,更消耗精神能量。

网络时代不是从这几年才开启,但人们的确越来越依赖电子设备和屏幕了。

疫情时期让远程工作和网课变成生活中的重要部分,电子设备不再仅仅是休闲的娱乐设施,也是重要的生产力工具。

生活和工作的边界通过电子屏幕变得模糊,大家从而再也难以离开屏幕、关上屏幕。

结果就是,精神疲劳无处不在,深入处理复杂任务或想法的能力也下降了。

可以说,“脑腐”无差别攻击着离不开网络的每一个现代人。

连心智成熟的成年人都难以抵抗其影响,还在成长期的青少年更容易遭受网络无孔不入的“伤害”。

首先就是,网络世界鱼龙混杂,孩子可能在各种想得到想不到的地方遭遇骚扰。

儿童向的游戏里,有人盯准了游戏里孩子多,言语骚扰儿童玩家,家长们还未必能发现。

许多家长不放心孩子用手机,给娃买了儿童手表保证安全,但也难以防范。

家长们,以及90后们小时候的梦想,许多都是“当科学家”“当老师”“当宇航员”。但再去问现在的孩子,很多小孩的梦想都已经变成了,“长大我要当网红”。

这些是现在的孩子最想要的,网络时代改变了一代孩子的价值观。在孩子不断接触网络世界的时候,要扭转这些价值观是很难的。

网红和博主们发出来的照片和视频,都是精心修饰过的“完美一面”,没有分辨能力的青少年,还很容易因此陷入低自尊陷阱,有些开始攀比,有些小小年纪开始“容貌焦虑”、甚至想要整容……

“当我们花数小时浏览网络内容时,我们会接收大量毫无意义的数据、负面新闻以及朋友和名人完美修饰过的照片,这些照片会让我们感到自卑。”心理健康和成瘾治疗中心纽波特研究所在今年早些时候对脑腐病的描述中如是写道。

大家普遍感觉到这一代年轻人精神状态更脆弱了,为什么?

在《焦虑的一代》一书中,作者乔纳森提出了“童年大重塑”假说。从2010-2015年间,美国青少年的社交生活转向智能手机以及基于互联网的app,乔纳森指出,这导致了2010年代初开始的青少年精神疾病浪潮。

智能手机诱发了许多人的精神问题,更加重了这些精神问题。

自2010年以来,美国各个年龄段的焦虑症患病率都有所上升,其中“Z世代(1995年后出生)”的增长最为明显

在过去的两三年里,大量研究表明抑郁、焦虑、饮食失调、身体畸形问题、注意力缺陷多动障碍和自闭症之间存在联系。

除了精神和心理层面的影响外,智能手机的使用还直接影响到整整一代孩子的智商和学习能力!

神经科学和心理学专家表示,被允许带智能手机上学的孩子智商会较低。

认知神经科学教授马克·威廉姆斯博士表示:“在所有大量使用电子设备的国家——加拿大、澳大利亚、美国——孩子的智力水平相比十年前的同龄人,落后了大约一年半。

我们第一次在史上看到整体的智商下降。”

要在现代社会脱离手机和网络,完全是天方夜谭。

以前依赖书本和老师的课堂,现在也越来越多引入了平板电脑和智能手机。带手机和平板上学的孩子越来越多,许多老牌学校也无可奈何,只能“一刀切”禁手机!

以英国的贵族学校伊顿公学为例,伊顿历来是王室、名流的心头好,但面对手机滥用,也没有太行之有效的办法。

这项规定适用于今年九月新入学的九年级新生。此前,伊顿也不允许低年级学生白天使用手机,入学三年内的学生都要在晚上上交电子设备。

美国对青少年在校园内使用手机的管控,则更是严格到出台了法案政策。

今年9月,美国加州州长正式签署新法案,要求加州各学区限制或完全禁止学生使用智能手机。

加州并不是唯一一个这样做的地方。根据美国EducationWeek统计,截至到今年上半年,全美至少有15个州都推出过类似的法律或政策。

在学校可以靠明令禁止,在家又该怎么办呢?

想让孩子减少对手机的依赖,以及减少家长们自己对电子设备的“瘾”,到底该怎么做?

教育畅销书作者和教育专家们给出了他们的答案。

——“父母和孩子共同制定好适合数字时代的家庭规则。孩子们想要灵活的规则,适时地用手机做想做的事,也希望得到父母的信任,以此做出自己的选择和判断。”

——“把发绳绑在手机上。这样手机还是可以语音通话,但上下左右滑动和发短信会受到限制。这样一来会从视觉和物理上提醒我们:我真的需要这样做吗?”

——“切换到灰度模式,关闭手机的通知,把实用功能放在最前面,把非必要的内容归档在一起;对于必要的工作消息等内容设置好提醒。”

THE END
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