（1）元音字母：Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu其它的都是辅音字母
半元音字母:Yy
（2）数字：基数词和序数词的运用，如计算、购物等.基数词:One,two,three,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen…twenty,twenty-one…thirty,forty,fifty…eighty,ninety,one/ahundred,one/ahundredandone…twohundred.序数词:first,second,third,fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth,tenth,eleventh,twelfth…twentieth,twenty-first,twenty-second,twenty-third,twenty-four…thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth…eightieth,ninetieth…
（3）颜色：实物的颜色
colours:red,pink,yellow,brown,blue,purple,orange,black,white,grey,darkblue,lightblue.
year,season(spring,summer,autumn,winter),
month:January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December.
Week:Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday.
Day:1stMay(thefirstofMay),May2nd(Maythesecond)
Time:(an)hour,minute,second
10:05(fiveminutespastten,tenofive)
10:10(tenminutespastten,tenten)
10:15(quarterpastten,tenfifteen)10:30(halfpastten,tenthirty)
10:45(quartertoeleven,tenforty-five)11:00(eleveno’clock)
（5）食品与饮料：人对食品与饮料的喜好；东西方食品
food:meat,rice,fish,bread,egg…
drinks:water,milk,orangejuice,coke,coffee…
（6）服装：服装的颜色:人对服装的喜好；某人的穿戴；所属关系
clothes:hat,cap,coat,shirt,T-shirt,skirt,dress,sweater,jacket,trousers,sock,shoeputon,wear
所属关系:形容词性的物主代词:my,your,his,her,its,our,their
名词性的物主代词:mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs
（7）玩具和文具：特点、颜色、所属关系；存在的位置Toys:doll,toy…
文具:desk,book,bag,pen,pencil,pencil-box,ruler,chair,ball
存在的位置:in,on,under,beside,behind,infrontof,inthefrontof,inthemiddleof,atthebackof…(aplace/aperson).
（8）日常生活用品：特点、颜色、所属关系；存在的位置
words:shelf,table,clock,brush,telephone,light,computer,bike,fridge,glass,knife,keyboard,bottle,box,plate,photo,photograph,fax,radio,super-market,
特点:big,small,heavy,light,white,black,empty,full,old,new,beautiful,cute,tall,short,strong,plump,nice,good,bad…
（9）动物：家畜、家禽；农场动物、动物园及野生动物的特点；生活地点和所属关系
words(animals):cat,dog,duck,goose(geese)fish,sheep,bird,panda,monkey,rabbit,hen,cock,chick,tiger,lion,pig,cow,mouse(mice)
生活地点：athome,inafarm,inazoo…
（10）植物：特点、所属关系；存在的位置
words:tree,rose,flower,leave(leaves)…
（11）环境与建筑：特点、所属关系；存在的位置
buildings:factory,hospital,park,house,library,museum,office,farm,postoffice,bank,policestation,trainstation,sportsstadium,departmentstore,store,school,classroom,house:bathroom,living-room,sitting-room,bedroom,kitchen,garden…
房子的基本构造：door,gate,wall,window,floor…
（12）身体：特点
body:head,hair,eye,nose,ear,mouth,neck,shoulder,hand,finger,foot(feet),toe…
外貌:fat,thin,plump,tall,short,old,young,roundface,twobigblueeyes,longhair,shorthair,blackhair,whitehair…
注意：描述人的外貌时，have与has用法上的区别；形容词的用法，如:tall,short,old,young,black,long…
（13）个人情况：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好
age,year,address,e-mailaddress,hobby,
hobby:collectingstamps(coins),goingswimming…doingsth
动词ing的变化规律：
1）直接加ing，如：open-opening,clean-cleaning,meet-meeting,sing-singing,study-studying,…
2）去掉词尾不发音的e，如：take-taking,close-closing,come-coming,drive-driving,have-having,use-using,write-writing,practice-practicing,…
3）重读闭音节的，双写最后的字母，加ing,如：sit-sitting,put-putting,begin-beginning,get-getting,swim-swimming,run-running,cut-cutting,become-becoming,…
主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化规律(与名词变复数规律相同)：
1）直接加s，如：cook-cooks,come-comes,close-closes,…
2)以o,x,s,sh,ch结尾+es,如:teach-teaches,go-goes,do-does,catch-catches,wash-washes,brush-brushes,miss-misses,…
3）辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i，+es，如：fly-flies,worry-worries,carry-carries,…
4）以f或fe结尾，把f或fe，改为v+es.
5）特殊：have-has,…
（14）家庭、亲属和朋友：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好：与你的关系
words:family,grandfather(grandpa/granddad),grandmother(grandma/grandmum),father,mother,brother,sister,uncle,aunt,cousin,friend
注意：1）名词单复数，如：family-families;
名词单数--复数规律:
1）直接加s，如：boy-boys,term-terms,
2)以o,x,s,sh,ch结尾+es,如:box-boxes,class-classes,glass-glasses,coach-coaches,dress-dresses,fax-faxes,inch-inches,match-matches,
3）辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i，+es，如：baby-babies,lady-ladies,factory-factories,peach-peaches,library-libraries,watch-watches,
4）以f或fe结尾，把f或fe，改为v+es:leaf-leaves,knife-knives,wife-wives,shelf-shelves,…
5）特殊:man-men,policeman-policemen,woman-women,child-children,goose-geese,tooth-teeth,foot-feet,
6)不变:hair,milk,tea,coffee,water,bread,rice,paper,juice,meat,people,fish,sheep,…
2）名词所有格，表明是“谁的”如：mycousin’s,hisparents’
它的构成规则：单数名词后+“’s”，Mike’smother.
复数名词词尾有，其后只+“’”，Teachers’Da教师节.
若是两人共有时，只在后者+“’s”,
JimandTom’smother.吉姆和汤姆的母亲。
不是两者所共有的，两者都+“’s”,
Jim’sandTom’smother.吉姆母亲和汤姆的母亲。
名词若是无生命，所有格构成用of,amapofChina.一幅中国地图
（15）学校：学校建筑和学校生活
words:schoolbuilding,classroom,dormitory,playground,library…
subjects:Chinese,maths,English,music,computer,PE,art,biology,politics,history,meeting,geography…
（21）正在发生的事情：现在进行的动作和发生的事bedoingsomething
（22）日常生活：日常生活、工作、学习的活动dailyroutine
getupbrushone’steeth,washone’sface,makebreakfast,havebreakfast,gotoschool/work,domorningexercises,haveclasses,playbasketball,playfootball,run,jump,gohome,havelunch,havesupper,doone’shomework,watchTV,dosomereading,takeabath,gotobed
（23）计划与打算：计划和将要进行的动作和发生的事begoingtodo…
（24）能力和可能：可能进行的动作和发生的事
1)I/You/He/She/We/Theycan(can’t)comeheretomorrow.
2)Canhe/shevisitthefactorytodayYes,he/shecan.No,he/shecan’t.
3)CantheygobybusYes,theycan.No,theycan’t.
4)MayIvisitthefactorythisafternoonYes,ofcourse/Sure/Certainly.
5)MayIsithereYes,ofcourse/pleasedo.
注意:情态动词can的用法,cando(+动词原形).
（17）国家与城市：地理位置；特点
Countries:China,Japan,America(theUSA),English(theUK),Australia,Russia,Canada,Italy,India,France,
Nationalities:Chinese,Japanese,American,Englishman,Australian,Russian,Canadian,Italian,Indian,French,
（18）天气：气候特征
weather:hot,cold,cool,warm,sun,shine,sunny,rain,heavyrain,lightrain,rainy,wind,strongwind,windy,snow,heavysnow,lightsnowsnowy,cloud,cloudy…
temperature:15(fifteendegreescentigrade),0(zerodegreecentigrade),-5(minusdegreescentigrade)…
（20）方位：人或物的位置；问路与应答
place:in,on,at,under,near,nextto,beside,behind,infrontof,inthefrontof,inthemiddle(of),back,ontheright/left,thesecond/…personfromtheright/left
a:alittle(一点)alot（很，非常）,alotof（许多）,lotsof(许多,很多),abottleof(一盒……),apieceof(一张/片……),acupof(一杯……),aglassof(一玻璃杯……),allright（好，行，不错）,mostof(大部分……),plentyof(很多，大量的)
be:begoodfor(对于……来说是好的),bebadfor(对于……来说是不好的),begoingto(将要做……),begoodat(在……方面出色),belatefor(……迟到),between…and…(在……两者之间),both…and…(两着都……).
come:comefrom(来自……),Comein(进来).Comeon过来呀!快来呀)!Comewithme(跟我来)!differentfrom(与……不同),ofcourse(当然)
Do:doone’shomework(做家庭作业),dohousework(做家务),dosomereading(读书),onduty9(值日),domorningexercises(做早操).
get:getdown(下来),getup(起床),getonwith(在……方面进展),gethome(到家),gettoschool(到校)
go:goboating(去划船),goswimming(去游泳),gorunning(去跑步),gowalking(去散步),goshopping(去购物),goskating(去滑冰),goskiing(去滑雪),gofishing(去钓鱼),gosightseeing(去游览,去观光),goclimbing(去爬山),gohome(回家),gotoschool(去上学),gotowork(去上班),gostraight/down/on/along(一直走),goalong(沿着……一直走)
have:havebreakfast(吃早餐),havelunch(吃午饭),havesupper(吃晚饭),havedinner(吃正餐),haveaclass(上课),havealook(看一看),havegot(有),haveagoodappetite(有好胃口,食欲强),haveapicnic(野餐)
how:howmany(多少),howmuch{多少(用于不可数名词)},howold(几岁),howoften(多久一次)
look:lookat(看……),looklike(看起来象),verymuch(很,非常),inEnglish(用英语)
put:putinto(把……放到……),puton(穿上……),put…away…(把……放好/收起来),
take:take(good)careof(好好爱护,关心,照顾,保管),takephotos(照相),takeabath(洗澡),takeexercise(进行锻炼,进行练习).
动词短语flyakite(放风筝),rideabike(骑自行车),playagame(做游戏),throw…away(把……扔掉),turnon(开……),standup(站起来),singasong(唱歌),askaquestion(问问题),runaway(流走,跑走),lookforwardto(盼望),tryto(尝试做…….),beangrywith(对……生气),dividedby(除以……),cometo(合计),collectcoins(收集硬币),climbuptothemountain/hill…(爬到山上)bytheway(顺便问问),
time短语:inthemorning(在早上),intheafternoon(在下午),intheevening(在晚上),Goodmorning/afternoon/evening/night(早上/下午/晚上好/晚安).forhours(持续……小时),foranhour(持续一个小时),Atthistimeofday（每天的这个时候），fiveminutespastnine(九点零五分),quarterpastnine(九点十五分),quartertonine(差十五分到九点),allday（整天）,onSunday/Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday/Saturday(在星期天/星期一/星期二/星期三/星期四/星期五/星期六),Mid-autumnFestival(中秋节),SpringFestival(春节),NationalDay(国庆节),Children’sDay(儿童节),NewYear(新年),Women’sDay(妇女节),MayDay(劳动节),Teachers’Day(教师节),Party’sBirthday(党生日)
交通手段:onfoot(走路),bybus/car/ship/plane/underground/bike(乘公共汽车/小轿车/轮船/飞机/地铁/自行车),
介词短语:atthebeginningof(在……的开始),attheendof(在…..的结尾/结束),attheweekend(在周末),ontheweekdays(在工作日),infrontof(在…..的前面),inthefrontof(在……物品内的前面),inthemiddleof(在……的中间),nextto(在……旁边),atthegateof(在……的大门),onthefloor(在地板上),onthe…(序数词)floor(在第几层楼),onthegroundfloor(在一楼),athome(在家),atschool(在学校),overthere(那里,那边),inthesun(在阳光下),from…to…(从……到……),turnright/left(向右/左转),ontheleft(在左边),ontheright(在右边),totheeast/west/north/southof(在…….的东/西/北/南方),fromtheleft/right(从左/右),kilometers/metresaway(离……千米/米远),inClassOne(在一班),inGradeSix(在六年级)
句子:Pleasesayhelloto…forme(宾格)/人名{请代(我)向……问好}.Hereitis(是).Heretheyare().Hereyouare(给你).Nicetomeetyou(很高兴见到你)!Nothingmuch(没什么).Notatall(没关系).Shallwe…{(用于建议)我们……好吗}I’lltakeit(我买了).It’stimeto…(是做……的时候了)It’stimefor….(是……的时候了)Excuseme(对不起,打扰了).Seeyou(再见)!welcometo…(欢迎到……),You’rewelcome(别客气).Whatabout…(……呢)Howdoyoudo{你好吗(用于初次见面,答句相同)Howdoyoulike…(你觉得……怎么样)Itdoesn’tmatter.(没关系)That’sapity.(真糟糕)Nevermind!(不要紧)Andyou（你呢）Happybirthday!(生日快乐)
地方建筑:postoffice(邮局),policestation(警察局),trainstation(火车站),sportsstadium(大型露天运动场),departmentstore(百货商场),kindsof(不同种类),theChildren’sHome(少年之家),primaryschool(小学),middleschool(中学)
1．三种动词形式变化（即原形，过去式，过去分词）一致的
cast---cast---castcost---cost---costcut----cut----cut
hit----hit-----hithurt---hurt---hurtlet----let------let
put----put----putset----set-----setshut---shut---shut
bet----bet----betspread---spread---sprearead---read---read省略原形动词中两个相同的字母中的其中一个,然后在词尾叫-t
sleep---slept---sleptfeel---felt---felt
3．省略原形动词中两个相同字母中的其中一个，
feed----fed-----fedmeet----met-----met
把原形动词的最后一个字母-d改成-t
send---sent----sentlend---lent----lent
5．动词原形中有-ow,-aw,这些字母组合的，过去式中把这些组合改成-ew，过去分词在动词原形上再加字母-n，
blow---blew---blowngrow---grew---grownknow---knew---knownthrow---threw---throwndraw---drew---drawnfly---flew---flown
6．原形动词中含有字母组合-ind的，在过去式和过去分词中都变成-ound
find----found---foundwind---wound---wound
7．动词原形中有字母组合-in或者-ing或者-ink，过去式中把字母-i变成-a，过去分词中把-i变成-u
begin---began---begunsing----sang-----sungring----rang------rung
sink---sank-----sunkdrink-----drank----drunkswim---swam---swum
8．不规则动词以-m,-n,-l,-r结尾的，过去式和过去分词在原形动词词尾加-t或者-d
mean---meant----meantlean—leant---leantlearn---learnt----learnthear----heard----heard
９．过去式和过去分词都有-ought的think----thought----thought
buy----bought----boughtbring----brought----brought
将同义词:study／learn(学习)，big／large／great(大的)，look／see／watch(看)，hear／listen(听)，good／fine／well／nice(好的)，door／gate(门)，like／love／enjoy(喜欢)等。反义词:如：big(大)→small(小)，dear(昂贵)→cheap(便宜)，hot(热)→cold(冷)，slow(慢)→quick／fast(快)，thin(瘦)→(胖)，
infrontof(在……前面)→behind(在……后面)，south(南)→north(北)等。同音词:too(也)→two(二)，for(为)→four(四)，right(正确)→write(写)，
by(乘)→buy(买)，blue(蓝色的)→blew(blow的过去式)，sea(海洋)→see(看见)，
son(儿子)→sun(太阳),whether（是否）→weather（天气）词形相近比较：want(想要)→wait(等待)，read(读)→ready(准备好的)，
wall(墙)→walk(走)，quite(很)→quiet(安静的)，present(礼物)→parent(父母)。
一、写出完全形式。
1.who'swhois2.she'ssheis3.he'sheis4.what'swhatis
5.where’swhereis6.we'reweare7.you'reyouare8.that'sthatis
9.I'mIam10.isn'tisnot11.aren'tarenot12.they'retheyare
13.don'tdonot14.let'sletus15.can’tcannot16.it'sitis
17.I’veIhave18.I’dIwould19.hasn’thasnot
二、写出下列单词的复数形式。
1.busbuses2.boxboxes3.glassglasses4.classclasses
5.watchwatches6.mangomangoes7.fireflyfireflies8.sheepsheep
9.peoplepeople10.manmen11.womanwomen12.appleapples
13.familyfamilies14.librarylibraries15.babybabies16.boyboys
17.toytoys18.childchildren19.footfeet20.strawberrystrawberries
21.horsehorse22.policemanpolicemen23.dressdresses24.fishfish
25.toothteeth26.countrycountries27.footfeet28.dragonflydragonflies
29.meus30.buildingbuildings31.clothclothes32.thisthese
33.thatthose34.circlecircles35.storystories
三、反义词或对应词。
1.samedifferent2.newold3.oldyoung4.shortlong
5.bigsmall6.tallshort7.yesno8.openclose
9.hotcold10.herethere11.sitstand12.updown
13.thinfat14.fathermother15.rightwrong16.blackwhite
17.thisthat18.thesethose19.boygirl20.grandfathergrandmother
21.manwoman22.husbandwife23.auntuncle24.brothersister
25.heshe26.leftright27.gocome28.nursedoctor
29.goodbad30.minusplus31.hisher32.busyfree
33.handfoot34.legsarms
四、近义词。
1.desktable2.likelove3.oftenusually4.startbegin5.greatgood
五、同音词。
1.totoo、two2.rightwrite3.noknow4.forfour
5.hearhere6.Ieye7.see(C)sea8.sonsun
9.be(B)bee10.theretheir11.Uyou12.Ywhy
13.bybuy、bye14.pairpear15.Rare16.whosewho’s
17.auntaren’t
六、现在分词。
1.swim(现在分词)swimming2.come(现在分词)coming
3.dance(-ing形式)dancing4.ski(-ing形式)skiing
5.sit(-ing形式)sitting6.fly(-ing形式)flying
stay(-ing形式)staying8.travel(-ing形式)travelling
9.cry(-ing形式)crying10.play(-ing形式)playing.
10.listen(-ing形式)listeningcollect(-ing形式)collecting
11.make(-ing形式)making.take(-ing形式)taking.write(-ing形式)writing16.read(-ing形式)reading.clean(-ing形式)cleaning
12.sing(-ing形式)singing.sweep(-ing形式)sweeping
13.run(-ing形式)runningstudy(第三人称单数)studies
students(名词所有格)students’26.brush(第三人称单数)brushes
3.sister(名词所有格)sister’s4.two(序数词)second
5.have(第三人称单数)has6.cat(名词所有格)cat’s
7.Tom(名词所有格)Tom’s8.teacher(动词)teach
9.cry(第三人称单数)cries10.Nancy(名词所有格)Nancy’s
11.can(否定式)can’tgood(比较级)bette
13.catch(第三人称单数)catches14.wash(第三人称单数)washes
15.quickly(形容词)quick16.visit(名词)visitor
17.China(形容词)Chinese18.French(名词)France
19.quiet(副词)quietly20.one(序数词)first
21.cook(第三人称单数)cooks22.do(第三人称单数)does
23.beautifully(形容词)beautiful24.many(比较级)more
25.Australian(名词)Australia
MySchool我的学校Myschoolisverybeautiful.DoyouknowitIlikemyschoolverymuch.Thereisabigplaygroundinmyschool.WehaveP.E.classontheplaygroundplaysports.Myclassroomisonthefristfloor.Itisbigandclean.Thereisalibraryonthesecondfloor.Therearemanybooksinthelibrary.Ioftenreadbookshere.Theteachersinmyschoolareverykind.Thestudentsareverypolite.Iamhappyinmyschool.
我的学校我的学校是非常美丽的。您是否知道它？我喜欢我的学校非常。有一个大操场在我的学校。我们有P.E。我们在操场上做运动。我们的教室在第一楼。它是大和干净的。有一个图书馆在二楼上。有许多书在图书馆里。我这里经常读了书。老师在我的学校是非常亲切的。学生是非常礼貌。我在学校很高兴。
Myfriend我的朋友
Ihavealotoffriends,butIhaveonlyafewgoodfriends.Oneofthemismybestfriend.Wearebothfiveyearsold.Helikestoeatorangesandmeat.Wealwayshelpeachother.Heisaniceboyandhischinaeseisverygood.Helikestoplayfootballandbasketball.Helikespiayingthepianoandridinghisbike.Everymorning,Hegoestoschoolonfoot.Everyevening,shereadsnewspaperaihome.Thenshegoestobedatnine.ThisismygoodfriendLiulei.
我的朋友我有很多朋友，但我有只有一个好朋友。他们中的一个是我的最好的朋友。我们是五年。他喜欢吃桔子和肉。我们总互相帮助。他是一个好男孩，并且他的语文是非常好。他喜欢打足球和篮球。他喜欢弹钢琴和乘坐他的自行车。每天早晨，他徒步去学校。每个晚上，他读报纸。然后他上床在九点。这是我的好朋友刘雷。
MyFamily
MyfamilylivesinHebei.Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily.Theyaremyfather,mymother,mysisterandI.Myfatherispoliceofficer.Hehasbigeyes.Hishairisstraight.HelikestowatchTVandreadbooks.Mymotherisateacher.Shelikestoreadbooks,too.Mysisterisastudent.Sheisagoodgirl.Sheishandword.Iamastudent,too.ButIstudyinagradeschool.Iliketoplayfootballandbasketball.Ilikemyfamily
我家生活在河北。有四个人在我家。他们是我的父亲、我的母亲、我的姐妹和I。我的爸爸是警察。他有大眼睛。他的头发是平直的。他喜欢观看电视和读书。我的妈妈是一个教师。她也喜欢读书。我的姐妹是学生。她是一个好女孩。她学习努力。我也是学生。但我在小学学习。我喜欢打足球和篮球。我喜欢我家人。
Myself我自己
Hello,everybody!DoyouknowmeMynameisLiangLiunan..Iamtenyearsold.Iamagoodgirl.Ihaveshortblackhair,bigblackeyes,bigears,asmallnoseandasmallmouth.Myhobbyisreadingbooks.Myfavouriteispiano.Iliketoeattingapplebanana。bookismygoodfriend,Ilikeit!.Doyoulikeme
大家好!您是否认识我？我的名字是刘楠。我是十岁。我是一个好的女孩。我有短的黑发、大黑眼睛、大耳朵、一个小鼻子和一张小嘴。我的爱好是阅读书。我最喜欢弹钢琴。我喜欢吃苹果和香蕉。书是我的好朋友，我喜欢它。你喜欢我吗？