NowthatweknowhowtoworkwithoursourcesandformattheReferencepageforaresearchpaper,it’shightimetocheckthesourcesthatmustbeavoided.
CheckingthroughtheAPAmanualmakesitclearthatyourworkthathasalreadybeenpublishedinthepastorsubmittedtoyourcollegemustnotbecited.Itmeansthatyourownwords,acertainopinion,aphotographyouhavetaken,oragraphyouhavecomposeddoesnotneedacitation.Thesameistrueforthosecaseswhenyouhavetocitepersonalcommunicationsoraspecificreportinyourresearchpaper.Insuchacase,tocreateareferencepage,rememberthatamentionappearsonlyinthecontentofthepaperitselfandlooksthisway:
Theuseofin-textcitationsforyourresearchpaperwillalwaysdependonthetypeofsourcethatyouareplanningtociteforyourAPAresourcepage.Whilethescopeofthisguidewillnotfollowwithanin-depthexplanation,weshallfocusonthemajordifferencesbetweenareferencecitationandinformationusuallyprovidedforanin-textreference.Areferencecitationisonlyencounteredonceattheendofyourresearchpaper,whileanin-textcitationcanbemetmorethantwicethroughoutyourpaper.Still,everyin-textcitationyouhave(exceptthosecasesmentionedabove!)mustbespecifiedattheendofyourpagewithacorrespondingentry.Whileitmaysoundtoochallenging,seethesetwoexamplesofhowtodoareferencepagecorrectly:
APAin-textcitation:
(Lee,2009,p.34)
APAentryforthereferencepage:
Lee,J.V.(2009).PhilosophyoftheMiddleEasterngovernorsandsubjectivethinking.InT.Erken&O.J.Soysal(Eds.),TheMiddleEasternStudiesandIslamicCulture(pp.34-39).AnkaraPress.
HereishowtoworkwiththeAPAsourcespageaspectthathasadifferentnumberofauthors:
LastName,Initial(s).(PublicationYear).BookTitle.Publisher.
Young,C.,Wilson,R.,Zang,K.&ZangR.(2021).MolecularresearchonCovid-19distributionintheUnitedStates.SyracuseUniversityPublishing.
Ifnoauthorhasbeenspecified,APAstylerecommendsusingthetitleinsteadasyouformatyourreferencepage.AsyouworkonyourAPAreferencepage,suchentriesmustbesortedalphabeticallyandcomebeforethosesourcesthatprovidethelastnamesoftheauthor(s).
TherecommendedfontandsizeisTimesNewRoman,point12.Thetextmustbedouble-spaced.Therestofthesectionlooksasfollows,withtheindentfortheentireentry(exceptthereference):
Twain,M.(2020).TheAdventuresofTomSawyerandHuckleberryFinn.PenguinBooksPress.
References
Baden-Powell,B.-P.ofG.,RobertStephensonSmyth,&Boehmer,E.(2018).Scoutingforboys:Ahandbookforinstructioningoodcitizenship.OxfordUniversityPress.