2024考研英语二真题及答案解析校对版
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1、
SectionⅠUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA、,B、,C、orD、ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Yoursociallifeisdefinedastheactivitiesyoudowithotherpeople,forpleasure,whenyouarenotworking.Itisimportanttohaveasociallife,butwhatisrightforonepersonwon’tberightforanother.Someofusfeelenergisedbyspendinglotsoftimewithothers,1someofusmayfeeldrained,evenifit’sdoingsomethingweenjoy.Thisiswhyfindinga2inyoursociallifeiskey.Spendingtoomuchtimeonyourown,not3others,canmakeyoufeellonelyand4lonelinessisknowntoimpactonyourmentalhealthand5alowmood.Anyonecanfeellonelyatanytime.Thismightbeespeciallytrueif,
(1)、
【分数】0.5
【选项】A、becauseB、unlessC、whereasD、until
【答案】C
【解析】略
(2)、
【选项】A、contrastB、balanceC、linkD、gap
【答案】B
(3)、
【选项】A、seeingB、pleasingC、judgingD、teaching
【答案】A
(4)、
【选项】A、misguidedB、surprisedC、spoiledD、disconnected
【答案】D
(5)、
【选项】A、contributetoB、relyonC、interferewithD、goagainst
(6)、
【选项】A、infactB、ofcourseC、forexampleD、onaverage
(7)、
【选项】A、cuttingbackB、missingoutC、breakinginD、lookingdown
(8)、
【选项】A、shortenB、triggerC、followD、interrupt
(9)、
【选项】A、assessB、interpretC、provideD、regain
(10)、
【选项】A、atfirstB、inturnC、ontimeD、bychance
(11)、
【选项】A、far-sightedB、strong-willedC、kind-heartedD、like-minded
(12)、
【选项】A、tryB、promoteC、watchD、describe
(13)、
【选项】A、testB、shareC、acceptD、revise
(14)、
【选项】A、alreadyB、thusC、alsoD、only
(15)、
【【分数】0.5
【选项】A、visitB、orderC、spaceD、boundary
(16)、
【选项】A、fatigueB、criticismC、injusticeD、dilemma
(17)、
【选项】A、sourcesB、standardsC、signsD、scores
(18)、
【选项】A、takeoverB、wipeoffC、addupD、markout
(19)、
【选项】A、ungratefulB、unavailableC、responsibleD、regretful
(20)、
【选项】A、reactB、repeatC、returnD、rest
PartA
Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D]..MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)
Text1
AngeroverAI’sroleinexacerbatinginequalitycouldendangerthetechnology’sfuture.InhernewbookCogsandMonsters:WhatEconomicsIs,andWhatItShouldBe,DianeCoyle,aneconomistatCambridgeUniversity,arguesthatthedigitaleconomyrequiresnewwaysofthinkingaboutprogress.“Whateverwemeanbytheeconomygrowing,bythingsgettingbetter,thegainswillhavetobemoreevenlysharedthanintherecentpast,”shewrites.“Aneconomyoftechmillionairesorbillionairesandgigworkers,withmiddle-incomejobsundercutbyautomation,willnotbepoliticallysustainable.”
Improvinglivingstandardsandincreasingprosperityformorepeoplewillrequiregreateruseofdigitaltechnologiestoboostproductivityinvarioussectors,includinghealthcareandconstruction,saysCoyle.Butpeoplecan’tbeexpectedtoembracethechangesifthey’renotseeingthebenefits—ifthey’rejustseeinggoodjobsbeingdestroyed.
InarecentinterviewwithMITTechnologyReview,Coylesaidshefearsthattech’sinequalityproblemcouldbearoadblocktodeployingAI.“We’retalkingaboutdisruption,”shesays.“Thesearetransformativetechnologiesthatchangethewayswespendourtimeeveryday,thatchangebusinessmodelsthatsucceed.”Tomakesuch“tremendouschanges,”sheadds,youneedsocialbuy-in.
Instead,saysCoyle,resentmentissimmeringamongmanyasthebenefitsareperceivedtogotoelitesinahandfulofprosperouscities.
AccordingtotheBrookingsInstitution,ashortlistofeightAmericancitiesthatincludedSanFrancisco,SanJose,Boston,andSeattlehadroughly38%ofalltechjobsby2019.NewAItechnologiesareparticularlyconcentrated:Brookings’sMarkMuroandSifanLiuestimatethatjust15citiesaccountfortwo-thirdsoftheAIassetsandcapabilitiesintheUnitedStates(SanFranciscoandSanJosealoneaccountforaboutone-quarter).
ThedominanceofafewcitiesintheinventionandcommercializationofAImeansthatgeographicaldisparitiesinwealthwillcontinuetosoar.Notonlywillthisfosterpoliticalandsocialunrest,butitcould,asCoylesuggests,holdbackthesortsofAItechnologiesneededforregionaleconomiestogrow.
PartofthesolutioncouldlieinsomehowlooseningthestrangleholdthatBigTechhasondefiningtheAIagenda.Thatwilllikelytakeincreasedfederalfundingforresearchindependentofthetechgiants.MuroandothershavesuggestedheftyfederalfundingtohelpcreateUSregionalinnovationcenters,forexample.
AmoreimmediateresponseistobroadenourdigitalimaginationstoconceiveofAItechnologiesthatdon’tsimplyreplacejobsbutexpandopportunitiesinthesectorsthatdifferentpartsofthecountrycaremostabout,likehealthcare,education,andmanufacturing.
21.Coylearguesinhernewbookthateconomicgrowthshould.
【分数】2
【选项】
A、giverisetoinnovation
B、diversifycareerchoices
C、benefitpeopleequally
D、bepromotedforcefully
22.Accordingtoparagraph2,digitaltechnologyshouldbeusefulto.
A、bringaboutinstantprosperity
C、raiseoverallworkefficiency
D、enhancecross-sectorcooperation
23.WhatdoesCoylefearabouttransformativetechnology
A、Theymayaffectwork-lifebalance.
B、Theymaybeimpracticaltodeploy.
C、Theymayincurhugeexpenditure.
D、Theymaybeunwelcometothepublic.
24.SeveralAmericancitiesarementionedtoshow.
A、theunevendistributionofAItechnologiesintheUS
B、thedisappointingprospectoftechjobsintheUS
C、thefastprogressofUSregionaleconomies
D、theincreasingsignificanceofUSAIassets
25.WithregardtoCoyleconcern,theauthorsuggests.
A、raisingfundstostartnewAIprojects
B、encouragingcollaborationinAIresearch
C、guardingagainstthesideeffectsofAI
D、redefiningtheroleofAItechnologies
3、Text2
TheUKisfacingafutureconstructioncrisisbecauseofafailuretoplanttreestoproducewood,Conforhaswarned.Theforestryandwoodtradebodyhascalledforurgentactiontoreducethecountry’srelianceontimberimportsandprovideastablesupplyofwoodforfuturegenerations.Currentlyonly20percentoftheUK’swoodrequirementishome-grownwhileitremainsthesecond-largestnetimporteroftimberintheworld.
TheUKhasidealconditionsforgrowingwoodtobuildlow-carbonhomesandisagloballeaderincertifyingthatitsforestsaresustainablymanaged,Conforsays.WhilearoundthreequartersofScottishhomesarebuiltfromScottishtimber,theuseofhome-grownwoodinEnglandisonlyaround25percent.
26.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraph1thattheUKneedsto.
A、increaseitsdomesticwoodsupply
B、reduceitsdemandfortimber
C、loweritswoodproductioncost
D、liftitscontrolontimberimports
27.AccordingtoConfor,theUKgovernment’sfreshincentives.
A、canhardlyaddressconstructioncrisis
B、arebelievedtocomeatthewrongtime
C、seemtobemisleadingforlandowners
D、willbecostlytoputintopractice
28.TheUK’sexposuretofluctuationalwoodpricesisaresultof.
A、government’sinactionontimberimports
B、inadequateinvestmentingrowingwood
C、competitionoftimbertradersathome
D、woodproductsmotivetomaximiseprofits
29.WhichofthefollowingcausestheshortageofwoodsupplyinUK
A、Excessivetimberconsumptioninconstruction.
B、Unfavorableconditionsforgrowingtrees.
C、Outdatedtechnologyforwoodproduction.
D、Farmers’unwillingnesstoplanttrees.
30.WhatdoesGoodallthinkUKgovernmentshoulddo
A、Subsidizethebuilding
B、Payattentiontoruraleconomy
C、Providemoresupportfortreeplanting
D、Giveprioritytopursuenet-zerostrategy
4、Text3
Onebigchallengeinkeepingunsafeagingdriversofftheroadisconvincingthemthatitistimetoturnoverthekey.Itisacompletelife-changerwhensomeonestops-orisforcedtostop-driving,saidformerriskmanagerAnneM.Menke.
TheAmericanMedicalAssociationadvisesphysiciansthatinsituationwhereclearevidenceofsubstantialdrivingimpairmentimpliesastrongthreattopatientandpublicsafety,andwherethephysician’sadvicetodiscontinuedrivingprivilegesisignored,itisdesirableandethicaltonotifytheDepartmentofMotorVehicles,Menkewrote.“Somestatesrequirephysicianstoreport,othersallowbutdonotmandatereports,whileafewconsiderareportbreachofconfidentiality.Therecouldbeliabilityandpenaltiesifaphysiciandoesnotactinaccordancewithstatelawsonreportingandconfidentiality”shecounseled.
Onethingthatdoesseemtoworkisrequiringdriverstoreportinpersonforlicenserenewal.Mandatoryin-personrenewalwasassociatedwitha31percentreductioninfatalcrashesinvolvingdrivers85orolder,accordingtoonestudy.Passingvisiontestsalsoproducedasimilardeclineinfatalcrashesforthosedrivers,althoughthereappearedtobenobenefitfromcombiningthetwo.
31.AccordingtoParagraph1,keepingunsafeagingdriversofftheroad.
A、isanewsafetymeasure
B、hasbecomeadisputedissue
C、canbeatoughtasktocomplete
D、willbebeneficialtotheirhealth
32.TheAmericanmedicalassociationsadvice.
A、haswonsupportfromdrivers
B、isgenerallyconsideredunrealistic
C、iswidedismissedasunnecessary
D、hasmetwithdifferentresponses
33.AccordingtoDugan,effortstokeepolderdriverssafe.
A、havebroughtaboutbigchanges
B、needtobewellcoordinated
C、havegainedpublicconcern
D、callforrelevantlegalsupport
34.Someolderdrivershavetroubledrivingbecausetheytendto.
A、stickwithbaddrivinghabits
B、haveaweakenedmemory
C、sufferfromchronicpains
D、neglectcarmaintenance
35.Duganthinksthatthesolutiontotheproblemsofcrashesmayliein.
A、upgradingself-drivingvehicle
B、developingsenior-friendlycars
C、renovatingtransportfacilities
D、adjustingtheagelimitfordrivers
5、Text4
Ifyoulookattheappsonyourphone,chancesareyouhaveatleastonerelatedtoyourhealth—andprobablyseveral.Whetheritisamentalhealthapp,afitnesstracker,aconnectedhealthdeviceorsomethingelse,manyofusaretakingadvantageofthistechnologytokeepbettertrackofourhealthinsomeshapeorform.RecentresearchfromtheOrganizationfortheReviewofCareandHealthApplicationsfoundthat350,000healthappswereavailableonthemarket,90,000ofwhichlaunchedin2020alone.
Whiletheseappshaveagreatdealtooffer,itisnotalwaysclearhowthepersonalinformationweinputiscollected,safeguardedandsharedonline.Existinghealthprivacylaw,suchastheHealthInsurancePortabilityandAccountabilityAct,isprimarilyfocusedonthewayhospitals,doctors’offices,clinicsandinsurancecompaniesstorehealthrecordsonline.Thehealthinformationtheseappsandhealthdatatrackingwearablesarecollectingtypicallydoesnotreceivethesamelegalprotections.
Astotheprospectsforfederallegislation,commentatorssuggestthatcomprehensivefederalprivacylegislationseemsunlikelyintheshortterm.Stateshavebegunimplementingtheirownsolutionstoshoreupprotectionsforconsumer-generatedhealthdata.CaliforniahasbeenattheforefrontofstateprivacyeffortswiththeCaliforniaConsumerPrivacyActof2018.Virginia，ColoradoandUtahhavealsorecentlypassedstateconsumerdataprivacylegislation.
36.
A、theprevalenceofhealthapps
B、缺
C、缺
D、缺
37.
A、Itscoverageneedstobeextended.
B、Itsenforcementneedsstrenthening.
A、seektheapprovaloftheFTC
B、findqualifiedthirdparties
C、removeirrelevantpersonaldata
D、obtaintheirexplicitpermission
39.WhatchallengesistheFTCcurrentlyfacedwith
A、Thecomplexityofhealthinformation.
B、Therapidincreaseinnewhealthapps.
C、Thesubtledeceptivenessofhealthapps.
D、Thedifficultyinassessingconsumerharm.
40.
A、缺
D、hasgainedlegislativesupportinsomestates
三、材料题
6、PartB
Highschoolstudentseagertostandoutinthecollegeapplicationprocessoftenparticipateinalitanyofextracurricularactivitieshopingtobolstertheirchancesofadmissionaselectiveundergraduateinstitution.
SueRexford,thedirectorofcollegeguidanceattheCharles.E.SmithJewishDaySchool,saysitisnotnecessaryforastudent,fillingouttheCommonApplicationtolistloactivitiesintheapplication
Expertssayitistoughentodistinguishoneselfinaschool-affiliatedextracurricularactivitythatiscommonamonghighschoolstudentsthanitistostandoutwhiledoinganuncommonactivity.
Highschoolstudentswhohaveanimpressivepersonalprojecttheyareworkingonindependentlyoftenimpresscolleges,expertssay.
Expertssaydemonstratingtalentinatleastoneextracurricularactivitycanhelpinthecollegeadmissionsprocess,especiallyattop-tierundergraduateinstitutions.
“Distinguishingyourselfinonefocusedtypeofextracurricularactivitycanbeapositiveintheadmissionsprocess,especiallyforhighlyselectiveinstitutions,431wherehavingtopgradesandtestscoresisnotenough,”KatieKelleyadmissionscounseloratIvyWiseadmissionsconsultancy,wroteinanemail.“Studentsneedtohavethatqualityorhookthatwillappealtoadmissionsofficersandallowthemtovisualizehowthestudentmightcomeandenrichtheircampuscommunity.”
Extracurricularactivitiesrelatedtothecollegemajordeclaredonacollegeapplicationarebeneficial,expertssuggest.“Ifyoualreadyknowyourmajor,havinganextracurricularthatfitsintothatmajorcanbeabigplus,”saysMayghinLevine,themanagerofeducationalopportunitieswithTheCabbagePatchSettlementHouse,aLouisville,Kentucky,nonprofitcommunitycenter.
Highschoolstudentswhohavehadastrongpositiveinfluenceontheircommunitythroughanextracurricularactivitymayimpressacollegeandwinascholarship,saysEricaGwyn,aformermathandsciencemagnetprogramassistantatapublichighschoolwhoisnowexecutivedirectoroftheKaleidoscopeCareersAcademyinAtlanta,anonprofitorganization.
(1)、41.SueRexford
A、Studentswhostandoutinaspecificextracurricularactivitywillbefavoredbytop-tierinstitutions.
B、Studentswhoseextracurricularactivityhasbenefitedtheircommunityarelikelytowinascholarship.
C、Undertakingtoomanyextracurricularactivitieswillhardlybeseenasaplusbycolleges.
D、Studentwhoexhibitsactivityindoingbusinesscanimpresscolleges.
E、Highschoolstudentsparticipatinginpopularactivityshouldexcelinit.
G、Itisadvisableforstudentstochooseanextracurricularactivitythatisrelatedtotheirfuturestudyatcollege.
(2)、42.SaraHarberson
【答案】E
(3)、43.KatieKelley
(4)、44.MayghinLevine
【答案】G
(5)、45.EricaGwyn
G、Itisadvisableforstudentstochooseanextracurricularactivitythatisrelatedtotheirfuturestudyatcollege
7、PartC
46.Directions:
ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.WriteyoursanswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Withthesmellofcoffeeandfreshbreadfloatingintheair,stallsburstingwithcolorfulvegetablesandtemptingcheeses,andthebuzzoffriendlychats,farmers’marketsareafeastforthesenses.Theyalsoprovideanopportunitytotalktothepeopleresponsibleforgrowingorraisingyourfood,supportyourlocaleconomyandpickupfreshseasonalproduce—allatthesametime.
【分数】10
【答案】在咖啡和新鲜面包的香气中，摊位上陈列着色彩鲜艳的蔬菜和诱人的奶酪，你可以听见人们友好聊天时发出的嗡嗡声，农贸市场就是一场感官盛宴。在这里，你不仅有机会与负责种植或饲养食物的农民交流，助力当地经济，还可以同时购买到新鲜的时令农产品。
47.Directions:
SupposeyouandJackaregoingtodoasurveyontheprotectionofoldhousesinanancienttown.Writehimanemailto
（1）putforwardyourplan,and
（2）askforhisopinion.
Writeyouranswerinaboutl00wordsontheAnswerSheet.
【答案】参考范文一：
DearJack,
IamdelightedtohavetheopportunitytocollaboratewithyouonthesurveyoftheprotectionofoldhousesinShunde,Guangdong.ThedatacollectionforthisprojectisscheduledtoconcludeonDecember29,2023.Iamwritingtopresentmyproposedplan.
Tobeginoursurvey,Isuggestwemakeinitialcontactwiththelocalgovernmentauthoritiesresponsibleforthepreservationofoldhouses.Thisstepwillenableustogathercrucialinformationaboutthenumberofoldhousesthathavebeenidentifiedandprotectedthusfar.Oncewehavethenecessarydata,wecanproceedtothenextstagebyschedulingvisitstothesepreservedoldhouses.Thiswillallowustoobserveanddocumenttheircurrentcondition,takingnoteofanyrequiredrestorationormaintenanceefforts.
Ihighlyvalueyouropinionandexpertiseinthisfield.Iwouldgreatlyappreciateitifyoucouldreviewtheproposedplanandshareyourthoughts.Pleasefeelfreetoreachouttomeatyourconvenience.
SincerelyYours,
LiMing
PartB
48.Directions:
Writeanessayonthechartbelow.Inyouressay,youshould
1)describeandinterpretthechart,and
2)giveyourcomments.
Writedownanswerinabout150wordsontheAnswerSheet.(15points)
【分数】15
【答案】参考范文
Thechartspeaksofthemaingainsofstudentsinlaborpracticecourseatacertainuniversity.Morespecifically,morethan90%ofcollegestudentsgainrelevantknowledgethroughparticipatinginsuchcourses,with84.8%ofstudentsindicatingimprovementinpracticalskills,54.4%citingenhancedcooperation,and32.6%reportingaboostintheirmoodwhileengaginginthesecourses.
Firstly,itispossiblethatthelaborpracticecoursesofferedattheuniversityarespecificallydesignedtoequipstudentswithpracticalknowledgeandskillsthatdirectlyrelatetotheirfuturecareers.Thesecourseslikelyfocusonreal-worldapplicationsandindustry-specificskills,enablingstudentstoacquireknowledgeandskillsthataredirectlyapplicabletotheirfuturework.Thiscangreatlybenefitthemintheirprofessionaldevelopment.Secondly,thesecoursesmayincorporatehands-onlearningexperiencesandpracticalexercises.Byengaginginreal-worldscenariosandactivelyparticipatingintasksorprojects,studentsnotonlygainpracticalskills,butalsodevelopteamworkandcooperationabilities.Thistypeofexperientiallearningcanpositivelyimpacttheiroverallengagementandmotivation,leadingtoamorepositivemoodwhileparticipatinginthesecourses.
Havingsaidtheabove,Ibelievethatactiveparticipationinoutdoorpracticalcoursesindeedoffersseveralbenefitstocollegestudents.