用英语介绍日本？18到24岁的日本人中，只有11％说他们从为社会做事中得到个人满足，根据1993年日本政府的数据，这么说的美国人是日本人的四倍之多。[7]吉崎康宏得出结论：日本青年整个价值体系正在发生重大变化，那么，用英语介绍日本？一起来了解一下吧。
Japan(日本NihonorNippon,officially日本国Nippon-kokuorNihon-koku)isanislandcountryinEastAsia.LocatedinthePacificOcean,itliestotheeastoftheSeaofJapan,People'sRepublicofChina,NorthKorea,SouthKoreaandRussia,stretchingfromtheSeaofOkhotskinthenorthtotheEastChinaSeaandTaiwaninthesouth.ThecharacterswhichmakeupJapan'snamemean"sun-origin",whichiswhyJapanissometimesidentifiedasthe"LandoftheRisingSun".
Japaniscomprisedofover3,000islands[5]makingitanarchipelago.ThelargestislandsareHonshū,Hokkaidō,KyūshūandShikoku,togetheraccountingfor97%ofJapan'slandarea.Mostoftheislandsaremountainous,manyvolcanic;forexample,Japan’shighestpeak,MountFuji,isavolcano.Japanhastheworld'stenthlargestpopulation,withabout128millionpeople.TheGreaterTokyoArea,whichincludesthedefactocapitalcityofTokyoandseveralsurroundingprefectures,isthelargestmetropolitanareaintheworld,withover30millionresidents.
ArchaeologicalresearchindicatesthatpeoplewerelivingontheislandsofJapanasearlyastheUpperPaleolithicperiod.ThefirstwrittenmentionofJapanbeginswithbriefappearancesinChinesehistorytextsfromthefirstcenturyA.D.InfluencefromtheoutsideworldfollowedbylongperiodsofisolationhascharacterizedJapan'shistory.Sinceadoptingitsconstitutionin1947,Japanhasmaintainedaunitaryconstitutionalmonarchywithanemperorandanelectedparliament,theDiet.
JapanisacountryofoverthreethousandislandsextendingalongthePacificcoastofAsia.Themainislands,runningfromnorthtosouth,areHokkaidō,Honshū(themainisland),ShikokuandKyūshū.TheRyukyuIslands,includingOkinawa,areachainofislandssouthofKyushū.TogethertheyareoftenknownastheJapaneseArchipelago.
About70%to80%ofthecountryisforested,mountainous,[39][40]andunsuitableforagricultural,industrial,orresidentialuse.Thisisbecauseofthegenerallysteepelevations,climateandriskoflandslidescausedbyearthquakes,softgroundandheavyrain.Thishasresultedinanextremelyhighpopulationdensityinthehabitablezonesthataremainlylocatedincoastalareas.Japanisoneofthemostdenselypopulatedcountriesintheworld.[41]
ItslocationonthePacificRingofFire,atthejunctureofthreetectonicplates,givesJapanfrequentlow-intensitytremorsandoccasionalvolcanicactivity.Destructiveearthquakes,oftenresultingintsunamis,occurseveraltimeseachcentury.[42]Themostrecentmajorquakesarethe2004ChūetsuearthquakeandtheGreatHanshinEarthquakeof1995.Hotspringsarenumerousandhavebeendevelopedasresorts.[43]
TheclimateofJapanispredominantlytemperate,butvariesgreatlyfromnorthtosouth.[44]Japan'sgeographicalfeaturesdivideitintosixprincipalclimaticzones:
Hokkaidō:Thenorthernmostzonehasatemperateclimatewithlong,coldwintersandcoolsummers.Precipitationisnotheavy,buttheislandsusuallydevelopdeepsnowbanksinthewinter.
SeaofJapan:OnHonshū'swestcoast,thenorthwestwindinthewintertimebringsheavysnowfall.Inthesummer,theregioniscoolerthanthePacificarea,thoughitsometimesexperiencesextremelyhottemperatures,becauseofthefoehnwindphenomenon.
CentralHighland:Atypicalinlandclimate,withlargetemperaturedifferencesbetweensummerandwinter,andbetweendayandnight.Precipitationislight.
SetoInlandSea:ThemountainsoftheChūgokuandShikokuregionssheltertheregionfromtheseasonalwinds,bringingmildweatherthroughouttheyear.
PacificOcean:Theeastcoastexperiencescoldwinterswithlittlesnowfallandhot,humidsummersbecauseofthesoutheastseasonalwind.
RyukyuIslands:TheRyukyuIslandshaveasubtropicalclimate,withwarmwintersandhotsummers.Precipitationisveryheavy,especiallyduringtherainyseason.Typhoonsarecommon.
ThehighesttemperatureevermeasuredinJapan—40.9degreesCelsius—wasrecordedonAugust16,2007.[45]
ThemainrainyseasonbeginsinearlyMayinOkinawa,andthestationaryrainfrontresponsibleforthisgraduallyworksitswaynorthuntilitdissipatesinnorthernJapanbeforereachingHokkaidōinlateJuly.InmostofHonshū,therainyseasonbeginsbeforethemiddleofJuneandlastsaboutsixweeks.Inlatesummerandearlyautumn,typhoonsoftenbringheavyrain.[44]
From1868,Meijiperiodlaunchedeconomicexpansion.MeijirulersembracedtheconceptofafreemarketeconomyandadoptedBritishandNorthAmericanformsoffreeenterprisecapitalism.JapanesewenttostudyoverseasandWesternscholarswerehiredtoteachinJapan.Manyoftoday'senterpriseswerefoundedatthetime.JapanemergedasthemostdevelopednationinAsia.
Fromthe1960stothe1980s,overallrealeconomicgrowthhasbeencalleda"Japanesemiracle":a10%averageinthe1960s,a5%averageinthe1970sanda4%averageinthe1980s.[53]Growthslowedmarkedlyinthe1990s,largelybecauseoftheafter-effectsofJapaneseassetpricebubbleanddomesticpoliciesintendedtowringspeculativeexcessesfromthestockandrealestatemarkets.Governmenteffortstoreviveeconomicgrowthmetwithlittlesuccessandwerefurtherhamperedbytheglobalslowdownin2000.[54]Theeconomyshowedstrongsignsofrecoveryafter2005.GDPgrowthforthatyearwas2.8%,withanannualizedfourthquarterexpansionof5.5%,surpassingthegrowthratesoftheUSandEuropeanUnionduringthesameperiod.[55]
TheMinatoMirai21districtofYokohama.ThemajorityofJapan'seconomyisservicesectorbased.Japanisthesecondlargesteconomyintheworld,[56]aftertheUnitedStates,ataroundUS$4.5trillionintermsofnominalGDP[56]andthirdaftertheUnitedStatesandChinaintermsofpurchasingpowerparity.[57]Banking,insurance,realestate,retailing,transportation,telecommunicationsandconstructionareallmajorindustries.[58]Japanhasalargeindustrialcapacityandishometosomeofthelargest,leadingandmosttechnologicallyadvancedproducersofmotorvehicles,electronicequipment,machinetools,steelandnonferrousmetals,ships,chemicals,textilesandprocessedfoods.[54]Theservicesectoraccountsforthreequartersofthegrossdomesticproduct.
Asof2001,Japan'sshrinkinglaborforceconsistedofsome67millionworkers.[59]Japanhasalowunemploymentrate,around4%.Japan'sGDPperhourworkedistheworld's19thhighestasof2007.[60]BigMacIndexshowsthatJapaneseworkersgetthehighestsalaryperhourintheworld.SomeofthelargestenterprisesinJapanincludeToyotaMotor,NTTDoCoMo,Canon,Honda,TakedaPharmaceutical,Sony,Nintendo,NipponSteel,Tepco,MitsubishiEstate,and711.[61]Itishometosomeoftheworld'slargestbanksandtheTokyoStockExchange,knownforNikkei225,standsasthesecondlargestintheworldbymarketcapitalization.[62]Japanishometo326companiesfromtheForbesGlobal2000or16.3%(asof2006).
Nagoyahashighindustrialpowerlikeautomativeindustry.Japanranks12thof178countriesintheEaseofDoingBusinessIndex2008andithasoneofthesmallestgovernmentsinthedevelopedworld.Japanesevariantofcapitalismhasmanydistinctfeatures.Keiretsuenterprisesareinfluential.Lifetimeemploymentandseniority-basedcareeradvancementarerelativelycommoninJapaneseworkenvironment.[63][64]Japanesecompaniesareknownformanagementmethodssuchas"TheToyotaWay".Shareholderactivismisrare.[65]Recently,Japanhasmovedawayfromsomeofthesenorms.[66][67]IntheIndexofEconomicFreedom,Japanisthe5thmostlaissez-faireof30Asiancountries.[68]
Japan'sexportsamountedto4,210U.S.dollarspercapitain2005.Japan'smainexportmarketsaretheUnitedStates22.8%,theEuropeanUnion14.5%,China14.3%,SouthKorea7.8%,Taiwan6.8%andHongKong5.6%(for2006).Japan'smainexportsaretransportationequipment,motorvehicles,electronics,electricalmachineryandchemicals.[54]Japan'smainimportmarketsareChina20.5%,U.S.12.0%,theEuropeanUnion10.3%,SaudiArabia6.4%,UAE5.5%,Australia4.8%,SouthKorea4.7%andIndonesia4.2%(for2006).Japan'smainimportsaremachineryandequipment,fossilfuels,foodstuffs(inparticularbeef),chemicals,textilesandrawmaterialsforitsindustries.[69]Bymarketsharemeasures,domesticmarketsaretheleastopenofanyOECDcountry.[64]JunichiroKoizumiadministrationcommencedsomepro-competitionreformsandforeigninvestmentinJapanhassoaredrecently.[70]
Japan'sbusinessculturehasmanyindigenousconceptssuchasnemawashi,nenkosystem,salaryman,andofficelady.Japan'shousingmarketischaracterizedbylimitedlandsupplyinurbanareas.ThisisparticularlytrueforTokyo,theworld'slargesturbanagglomerationGDP.MorethanhalfofJapaneseliveinsuburbsormoreruralareas,wheredetachedhousesarethedominanthousingtype.AgriculturalbusinessesinJapanoftenutilizeasystemofterracefarmingandcropyieldsarehigh.13%ofJapan'slandiscultivated.Japanaccountsfornearly15%oftheglobalfishcatch,secondonlytoChina.[54]Japan'sagriculturalsectorisprotectedathighcost.[71]
Japaneseculturehasevolvedgreatlyovertheyears,fromthecountry'soriginalJōmonculturetoitscontemporaryculture,whichcombinesinfluencesfromAsia,EuropeandNorthAmerica.TraditionalJapaneseartsincludecrafts(ikebana,origami,ukiyo-e,dolls,lacquerware,pottery),performances(bunraku,dance,kabuki,noh,rakugo),traditions(games,teaceremony,Budō,architecture,gardens,swords)andcuisine.ThefusionoftraditionalwoodblockprintingandWesternartledtothecreationofmanga,atypicallyJapanesecomicbookformatthatisnowpopularwithinandoutsideJapan.[108]Manga-influencedanimationfortelevisionandfilmiscalledanime.Japanese-madevideogameconsoleshaveprosperedsincethe1980s.[109]
Japanesemusiciseclectic,havingborrowedinstruments,scalesandstylesfromneighboringcultures.Manyinstruments,suchasthekoto,wereintroducedintheninthandtenthcenturies.TheaccompaniedrecitativeoftheNohdramadatesfromthefourteenthcenturyandthepopularfolkmusic,withtheguitar-likeshamisen,fromthesixteenth.[110]Westernmusic,introducedinthelatenineteenthcentury,nowformsanintegralpartoftheculture.Post-warJapanhasbeenheavilyinfluencedbyAmericanandEuropeanmodernmusic,whichhasledtotheevolutionofpopularbandmusiccalledJ-pop.[111]
Karaokeisthemostwidelypracticedculturalactivity.ANovember1993surveybytheCulturalAffairsAgencyfoundthatmoreJapanesehadsungkaraokethatyearthanhadparticipatedintraditionalculturalpursuitssuchasflowerarrangingorteaceremony.[112]
参考资料资料：选英文
GEOGRAPHY&CLIMATE
REGIONSOFJAPAN
FLORA&FAUNA
ECONOMY
TRADE&INVESTMENT
REGULATORYREFORM
ENERGY&RESOURCE
TheJapaneseeconomyisthesecondlargestmarketeconomyintheworld.In2002itrecordedagrossdomesticproduct(GDP)of532.96trillionyen.Percapitanationalincomein2001wasUS$24,038,rankingJapanfifthamongOECDmembernations.Sincethecollapseofthe"bubbleeconomy"intheearly1990s,however,GDPgrowthhasstagnated,and,despiteacoupleofminorupturns,asustainedrecoveryhasprovedelusive.Inanefforttorevitalizetheeconomy,theJapanesegovernmentiscurrentlyattemptingtoimplementawiderangeofstructuralandregulatoryreforms.Majorchangesarealsotakingplaceinthecorporateworldascompaniesstrivetoincreasecompetitivenessbymovingawayfromtraditionalemploymentpracticessuchaslifetimeemploymentandseniority-basedwages.
PrimeMinisterTanakaKakuei'sBasicEconomicandSocialPlan(February1973)forecastcontinuedhighgrowthratesfortheperiod1973-1977.However,by1973domesticmacroeconomicpolicyhadresultedinarapidincreaseinthemoneysupply,whichledtoextensivespeculationinthereal-estateanddomesticcommoditymarkets.Japanwasalreadysufferingfromdouble-digitinflationwhen,inOctober1973,theoutbreakofwarintheMiddleEastledtoanoilcrisis.Energycostsrosesteeplyandtheyen'sexchangerate,whichhadnotreflecteditstruestrength,wasshiftedtoafloatingrate.Theconsequentrecessionloweredexpectationsoffuturegrowth,resultinginreducedprivateinvestment.Economicgrowthslowedfromthe10%leveltoanaverageof3.6%duringtheperiod1974-1979,and4.4%duringthedecadeofthe1980s.
Despitetheoilcrisisanditsaftermath,Japan'smajorexportindustriesmaintainedcompetitivenessbycuttingcostsandincreasingefficiency.Industrialenergydemandswerereducedandtheautomobileindustry,inparticular,wasabletoimproveVLSIsemiconductorindustry.Bythelate1970s,thecomputer,semiconductor,andothertechnologyandinformation-intensiveindustrieshadenteredaperiodofrapidgrowth.
Asinthehigh-growthera,exportscontinuedtoplayanimportantroleinJapan'seconomicgrowthinthe1970sand1980s.However,thetradefrictionthataccompaniedJapan'sgrowingbalanceofpaymentssurplusbroughtincreasinglystridentcallsforJapantofurtheropendomesticmarketsandtofocusmoreondomesticdemandasanengineofeconomicgrowth.
1、[1]Japan'spost-WorldWarIIvaluesystemofdiligence,cooperation,andhardworkischanging.RecentsurveysshowthatJapaneseyouthhavebecomea"MeGeneration"thatrejectstraditionalvalues.
[2]"Around1980manyJapanese,especiallyyoungpeople,abandonedthevaluesofeconomicsuccessandbegansearchingfornewsetsofvaluestobringthemhappiness,"writessociologistYasuhiroYoshizakiinComparativeCivilizationsReview.Japaneseyouthareplacingmoreimportanceontheindividual'spursuitofhappinessandlessonthevaluesofwork,family,andsociety.
[3]Japanesestudentsseemtobelosingpatiencewithwork,unliketheircounterpartsintheUnitedStatesandKorea.Ina1993surveyofcollegestudentsinthethreecountries,only10%oftheJapaneseregardedworkasaprimaryvalue,comparedwith47%oftheirKoreancounterpartsand27%ofAmericanstudents.AgreaterproportionofJapaneseaged18to24alsopreferredeasyjobswithoutheavyresponsibility.
[4]ConcernforfamilyvaluesiswaningamongyoungerJapaneseastheypursueaninnerworldofprivatesatisfaction.DatacollectedbytheJapanesegovernmentin1993showsthatonly2304ofJapaneseyoutharethinkingaboutsupportingtheiragedparents,incontrastto63%ofyoungAmericans.Itappearsthatmanyyounger-generationJapanesearelosingbothrespectfortheirparentsandasenseofresponsibilitytothefamily.AuthorYoshizakiattributesthechangetoJapaneseparents'over-indulgenceoftheirchildren,materialaffluence,andgrowingconcernforprivatematters.
[5]TheshifttowardindividualismamongJapaneseismostpronouncedamongtheveryyoung.Accordingto1991datafromtheSeimeiHokenBunkaCenterofJapan,50%ofJapaneseyouthaged16to19canbelabeled"self-centered",comparedwith33%amongthoseaged25to29Toearntheself-centeredlabel,theyoungpeoplerespondedpositivelytosuchideasas"Iwouldliketomakedecisionswithoutconsideringtraditionalvalues"and"Idon'twanttodoanythingIcan'tenjoydoing".
[6]Diminishingsocialresponsibility,accordingtoYoshizaki,istiedtothegrowinginterestinpleasureandpersonalsatisfaction.Astudycomparingsociety-consciousyouthfrom1977to1990foundthattheJapanesehadslippedfarbehindAmericanandAustralianstudents.Only11%ofJapaneseaged18to24saidtheygetpersonalsatisfactionindoingsomethingonbehalfofsociety,accordingto1993datafromtheJapanesegovernment,whilefourlimesasmanyAmericanssaid50.
[7]YoshizakiconcludesthattheentirevaluesystemofJapaneseyouthisundergoingmajortransformation,buttheyoungergenerationhasnotyetfoundaneworganizedvaluesystemtoreplacetheold.
[1]日本二战以后形成的勤奋、合作和努力工作的价值体系正在发生变化。
TheclimateofJapanispredominantlytemperate,butvariesgreatlyfromnorthtosouth.日本的天气是非常的温和的,但是南北的差异非常显著.
北海道：最北边的地带有着漫长寒冷的冬天和凉爽的夏天.降水不明显,但是这个岛通常在冬天会有厚厚的积雪
英语是google上的,中文是手翻的
Igetupat6:00everyday.Afterwashingmyface,Ibrushmyteeth.Idosomerunningatabout6:30.Ihavebreakfastatabout7:00.Igotoschoolat7:30.Ihaveclassesat8:00.Ihavelunchatshoolat12:00.Ihave2classesintheafternoon.Ihaveafter-schoolactivitiesat16:30.Idosomesportswithmyfriends.Igohomeat5:30p.m.Iusuallyhavedinnerat6:30p.m.Afterdinner,IoftenwatchTVforhalfanhour.ThenIhavetodomyhomework.Iusuallygotobedat21:30.
以上就是用英语介绍日本的全部内容，strongspiritualpower,istheartofpatriarchalendure.忍术，又名隐术，即隐身术。据史载，忍术产生于距今三百年前，即日本十七世纪的日本幕府时代，随着日本宫廷追捕，武术阶级势力的上升及间谍工作的需要。