在最新版新概念英语一lesson75中我们第一次接触了宾语从句，之后我们学习的内容逐渐丰富，下面我们做一次总结：
一、基本讲解
1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)
HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)
MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)
2.连接词
(1).陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。
e.g,Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.
(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序
eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.
注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。
a.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if
eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.
b.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时，只用whether.
eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.
Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot
c.if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.
(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。
E.g.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou
特殊情况：：当doyouthink后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋doyouthink＋陈述句语序。
3.宾语从句时态
a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：
Doyouknow（if/whetherhehasseenthefilm）
b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：
Ididn'tknow（if/whetherhehadseenthefilm.）
注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：
Hesaid（thattheearthmovesroundthesun.）
Theteachertoldus（thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.）
4.、人称的变化和标点的使用
a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：
“MayIuseyourknife？”Heaskedme.
→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.
“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber？”Heaskedme.
→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.
b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：
WhowillgiveusatalkIdon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.
Doyouknow？Wheredoeshelive→Doyouknowwherehelives
二、宾语从句的转化
1.2.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：
Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.
→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.
2.当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。例如：
Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.
3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell,show,teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark
4.当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：
Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.
→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.
时态的呼应也叫时态的一致，是指在复合句中，某些从句（主要是宾语从句等名词性从句）的时态常受主句时态的影响，因而要注意主从句两部分的时态呼应。
（1）主句是现在时态或将来时时，从句可以用任何所需要的时态。
Hesayshisfatheris/was/willbeateacher.他说他父亲是（过去是，将来要做）一个教师。
Theywilltellyouthattheyareliving/lived/willlive/havelivedinshanghai.他们会告诉你他们正住在上海/在上海住过/将住在上海/一直住在上海。
（2）主句是过去时态时，从句的时态要注意下列几点：
A.从句与主句动作同时发生，从句须用一般过去时或过去进行时。
Ithoughthestudiedhard.我认为他学习努力。
HetoldmehissonwaswatchingTV.他告诉我他儿子在看电视。
B.从句动作发生在主句动作之后，从句须用过去将来时。例如：
Hesaidhewouldposttheletter.他说他将要寄这封信。
TheydidnotknowwhentheywouldgototheGreatWall.他们不知道什么时候去参观长城。
C.从句动作发生在主句动作之前，从句须用过去完成时。例如：
Hesaidhehadpostedtheletter。他说已经把信发了。
TheyaskedmewhetherIhadbeentherebefore.他们问我以前去没去过那里。
Shetoldmeherbrotherdiedin1960.她告诉我她哥哥1960年去世的。
Theysaidtheycheckedeverythingyesterday.他们说昨天他们全部检查过了。
另外，从句说的是一般真理或客观事实，即使主句用过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。例如：
Theteachertoldthepupilsthattheearthisround.老师告诉学生们地球是圆的。
Somebodytoldmeyouareawriter.有人告诉我你是个作家。
除了宾语从句外，其他名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）一般也要遵守这种时态呼应的规律。而状语从句和定语从句则是根据本身意思的需要选用适当的时态。例如：
Hesawtheboywhosemotherisourteacher.他见过那个他妈妈是我们老师的男孩。
Itwasnotsohotyesterdayasitistoday.昨天没有今天这样热。
宾语从句专项习题
巩固练习
1.Haveyoudecided________forAustralia
A.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleave
C.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave
2.Canyoutellme_________
A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.TomliveswhereD.whereTomlives
3.Theoldmanaskedme________.
A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinema
C.wherethecinemawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema
4.Ithink_______youwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how
5.Ididn’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weatherD.how
6.Iwonder_________.
A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescost
C.howmuchtheseshoescostD.howmucharetheseshoescost
7.Sheaskedme_________.A.whohewasB.whowasheC.whoisheD.whoheis
8.Askhim___.
A.whosecupthisisB.whosecupisthisC.thisiswhosecupD.whoseisthiscup
9.Idon’tknow_________.
A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovie
C.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts
10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong________.
A.wasIillB.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.Ihadbeenill
11.Theweatherforecastdoesn’tsay_________.
A.ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrow
C.ifitwillraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrow
12.Doyouknow_________
A.whosepenisthisB.whosepenthisis
C.whomdoesthepenbelongtoD.whomthepenbelongto
13.Couldyoutellmewhere_________
A.thetapewasB.wasthetapeC.thetapeisD.isthetape
14.Theywanttoknow_________
A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyou
C.whenthetrainwillleaveD.whyistheboycrying
15.Tonywantedtoknow_________.
A.whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstocking
B.whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking
C.whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking
D.whereFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking
16.Nooneknows___theprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.
A.whenB.whetherC.whereD.if
17.Julydidn’tknow_________.
A.whereisTim’sfatherB.whenwasthefirstwatchmade
C.whotheoldmanisD.whatwaswrongwithherwatch
18.Noonetoldus_________,soweneedyourhelp.
A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC.whattodoD.whatshouldwedo
19.Wedon’tknow_________withtherubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.
A.howdoitB.howtodoC.whatdoitD.whattodo
20.Heaskedme_________.
A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoney
B.whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoney
C.whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundout
D.whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney
21.Didyouhear______A.whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.IsaidwhatD.whatIsay
22.Canyoutellme________
A.whichclassyouareinB.whichclassareyouin
C.youareinwhichclassD.areyouinwhichclass
23.---Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_______---Certainly.
A.whencanIgettothestationB.Icangettowhichstation
C.whichstationcanIgettoD.howIcangettothestation
24.Couldyoutellmewhere_______yesterday
A.didyougoB.yougoC.youhavegoneD.youwent
25.Tomaskedme________.
A.whoseshirtwasthisB.whoseshirtthiswas
C.whoshirtwasthisD.whoshirtthiswas
26.Excuseme,couldyoutellme_______
A.where’stheteachers’officeB.where’sthebusstation
C.what’sshedoingD.wherethepostofficeis
27.IwanttoseeMrs.Wang,butIdon’tknow_______.
A.sheliveswhereB.shewherelivesC.whereshelivesD.wheredoesshelive
28.---GoandaskMr.Whiteforhelp.---ButIdon’tknow_______.
A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelives
C.whereishelivingD.helivesthere
29.---Canyoutellme______---Yes,helivesinasmalltown.
A.wherehelivesB.whoissingingC.whenhewillleaveD.whathesaid
30.Haveyoudecided______forLondon
A.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleave
C.whenareyougoingD.whenyouaregoing
31.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______ourtickets
A.wheredoweshowB.whereshallweshowC.wheredidweshowD.whereweshallshow
32.---Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood---Weareallinterestedin______.
A.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.HoweggfriesD.howdoeseggfry
33.Doyouknow_______A.whatitisB.whatisitC.whoisheD.whosenameisit
34.Doyouknow_______
A.whosebookisthisB.whosebookthisisC.thisbookiswhoseD.who’sbookthisis
35.Idon’tknow______now.
A.whereismycatB.mycatiswhereC.wheremycatisD.wheremycat
36.Doesheknow______
A.what’syournameB.whatnameisyourC.whatyourisnameD.whatyournameis
37.Doyouknow______
A.whichfloorhelivesB.whichfloorheliveson
C.helivesonwhichfloorD.whichfloordoesheliveson
38.Tellmewhere____A.isthehospitalB.thehospitalisC.ishospitalD.hospitalis
39.Hehasn’tdecided_______.
A.ifhe’llgoonatriptoWuxiB.whenwillhegoonatriptoWuxi
C.ifhegoesonatriptoWuxiD.whendoeshegoonatriptoWuxi
40.Canyousee________
A.whathe’sreadingB.whatishereadingC.whatdoeshereadD.hereadswhat
能力提高练习
1.Idon'tknow_________hewillcometomorrow._________hecomes,I'lltellyou．
A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If
2.Idon'tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow.
A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomesD.whetherhe'llcome
3.Couldyoutellme____thenearesthospitalisA.whatB.howC.whetherD.where
4.Couldyoutellme_________theradiowithoutanyhelp
A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemended
5.Iwanttoknow_________.
A.whomisshelookingafterB.whomsheislooking
C.whomisshelookingD.whomsheislookingafter
6.Doyouknowwhere_________now
A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive
7.Doyouknowwhattime_________
A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves
8.Idon'tknow_________.Canyoutellme,please
A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayers
C.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare
9.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow_________.
A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockings
C.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockings
10.Ican'tunderstand_____.A.whatdoesChristmasmeanB.whatChristmasdoesmean
C.whatmeanChristmasdoesD.whatChristmasmeans
11.Idon’tknow_____hewillbebackhome.A.whoB.whatC.whenD.where
12.Couldyoutellme___________
A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingfor
C.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein
13.Doyoustillremember_______
A.thathesaidB.whathesaidC.didhesaythatD.whatdidhesay
14.Ican’tunderstand______theboyalone.
A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleaveC.whyshehadleftD.whyhadsheleft
15.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.A.riseB.roseC.risesD.hadrisen
16.Theytriedtofindout______thenewtrain________.
A.howfar/hadgoneB.howlong/hasgoneC.howfar/wentD.howfar/hadrun
17.Themanagercameuptosee__________.
A.whatwasthematterB.whatthematterwasC.whatthematterisD.what’sthematter
18.Canyoutellme___________
A.whatareyoudoingB.wheredoyoustudyC.whatyouweredoingD.whattodoit
19.Heaskedhisfather_______.
A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen
20.Noonetellsus______，soweneedyourhelp.
A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoitD.whattodoit
21.Couldyoupleaseteachme_______thecomputer.
A.howcheckB.tocheckC.howtocheckD.tohowchecking
22._______he‘llcomeornotisn‘timportant.A.WhyB.IfC.WhetherD.What
23.Wouldyouliketoknow____theywilldoitornot.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.why
24.─Wheredoyouthink_____he____theTVset─Sorry，I’venoidea.
A./;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.didbought
25.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell_____itwouldbelikein_____fiveyears.
A.how;anotherB.what;moreC.how;otherD.what;another
26.─Couldyoutellme______─Yes.He____totheUSA.
A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgone
C.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone
27.─Mikewantstoknowif____apicnictomorrow.
─Yes.Butifit_______，we’llvisitthemuseuminstead.
A.youhave;willrainB.youwillhave;willrain
C.youwillhave;rainsD.willyouhave;rains
28.Idon’tknowifhe______tomorrow.Ifhe________，I’llmeethim.
A.willcome;comesB.comes;comesC.willcome;willcomeD.comes;willcome
29.Ireallydon’tknowifshe_______itwhenshe________.
A.finds;arrivesB.finds;willarriveC.willfind;willarriveD.willfind;arrives
30.Canyoumakesure_______.thegoldring
A.whereAlicehasputB.wherehadAliceput
C.whereAlicehadputD.wherehasAliceput
31.---WhenaretheShutesleavingforNewYork--Pardon---Iasked_______.
A.whenaretheShutesleavingforNewYork
B.whentheShutesareleavingforNewYork
C.whenweretheShutesleavingforNewYork
D.whentheShuteswereleavingforNewYork
32.Couldyoutellme______Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellhim.
A.whereisLiHongB.whereLiHongis
C.wherewasLiHongD.whereLiHonghasbeento
33.---Couldyoutellme_______
A.howmanypeoplehavebeenoutofhospitalB.whenisThanksgiving
C.whichanimaldoeshelikebestD.whattimewillthedolphinshowstart
34.Iwanttoknow_______.
A.whatishisnameB.what’shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis
35.Heaskedme____.A.ifshewillcomeB.howmanybooksIwanttohave
C.theywouldhelpusdoitD.whatwaswrongwithme
36.Doyoustillremember______atthemeeting
A.thatJimsaidB.whatJimsaidC.didJimsaidthatD.whatdidJimsaid
37.---Excuseme,______tothenearestbookshop,please
---Gostraightandtakethesecondturningontheleft.
A.wherethewayisB.whichthewayisC.whereisthewayD.whichistheway
38.--CanIhelpyou--Yes.IwantatickettoSuqian.Tellme______taketogetthere.
A.howsoonwillitB.howsoonitwillC.howlongitwillD.howlongwillit
39.---Ihearwe’llhaveanewteacherthisterm.---ReallyDoyouknow______
A.whatsubjectdoesheteachB.whatsubjectwillheteach
C.whatsubjectheteachesD.whatsubjectishegoingtoteach
40.Heaskedhisteacher_______.
A.iftherewasamonsterinLochNessB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn
C.howwouldthescientistsfindouttheresultD.wherecouldhefindthelibrary
41.Doyouknow______overthere
A.whathappensB.whatwashappenedC.whatishappeningD.whatdidhappen
42.---Doyouknow______wewillarriveatyourhometown---Thisafternoon.
A.whenB.whyC.ifD.where
43.Couldyoutellme______toMountPutuotomorrow
A.howyouwillgoB.howwillyougoC.howyouhavegoneD.howhaveyougone
44.Couldyoutellme______
A.whichroomhelivesB.whichroomhelived
C.whichroomdidheliveinD.whichroomhelivesin
45.---Doyouknow______heis---Hesays“1.75meters”,butI’mnotsure.
A.howmanyB.howoldC.howfarD.howtall
46.Shesaidshe_______mefivelettersinonemonth.
A.haswrittenB.willwriteC.hadwrittenD.wrote
47.Canyoutellme______sheiswaitingforA.whyB.whoseC.whomD.which
48.Idon’tknow______hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whether
49.---Becareful!Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear______Isaid,David---Yes,mum.
A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if
50.I’dliketoknow______.
A.whenwillhegivebackthetapeB.whetherhashereceivedhighereducation
C.thathehasbeenbusyD.whethershewilljoininourEnglishevening
51.Couldyoutellme_______
A.whenshallwestartB.whoareyouwaitingfor
C.wherethebusstationisD.whywereyoulate
52.---Doyouknow_______I’mgoingtoseehim.---Sorry,Idon’tknow.
A.wheredoesTomliveB.wheredidTomliveC.whereTomlivesD.whereTomlived
53.Heaskedme______.
A.whodidkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheld
C.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherewillthe2008Olympicsbeheld
54.Shewantedtoknow_____hermotherlikedthepresent.
A.whichB.thatC.ifD.what
55.Couldyoutellme_______
A.whoissheB.where’sthenearestfastrestaurant
C.ifhewillcometomorrowD.whichwayistotheundergroundstation
56.Doyouknowif______backnextweekIfhe______back,pleaseletmeknow.
A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comes
C.hewillcome,comesD.willhecome,willcome
57.---Canyoutellmewhy______---BecauseIwanttohelpthepeoplethere.
A.doyougotoTibetB.didyougotoTibet
C.areyougoingtoTibetD.youaregoingtoTibet
58.---Wheredoeshecomefrom---Pardon---Iaskedwhere______.
A.didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom
59.Youmustremember_______.
A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidyourteachersay
C.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaid
60.Lilylikes_____.
A.whathertwinsisterlikeB.whathertwinsisterdoes
C.whatishertwinsisterlikeD.whatdoeshertwinsisterdo
61.---Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______gettotheplane
---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.
A.howcanweB.howwecanC.whencanweD.whenwecan
62.Doyouknowwhattime_______
A.doesthetrainleaveB.leavesthetrainC.thetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves
63.---Idon’tknow_____Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus
---HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.
A.whyB.whenC.howD.where
1.Someofmyfriendsareinterestinginscience,butnoneofthemcantell_______..
A.whenUFOswillappearnexttimeB.whydohorsesknowtheway
C.wherewasthiskindofplantfoundD.howdoelephantscommunicate
2.---WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina
----Sorry.Idon’tknow_______..
A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroad
C.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad
3.---MayIcomeinI’msorryIamlate.
----Comein,please.Butcouldyoupleasetellme_______.
A.whyyouarelateagainB.whatwereyoudoingthen
C.whoyoutalkedwithD.howdoyoucometoschool
4.---Couldyoupleasetellme_______.
----BusNo.32willtakeyourightthere.
A.whereisHenanMuseumB.whatHenanMuseumislike
C.howcanIgettoHenanMuseumD.whichbusIshalltaketoHenanMuseum
5.PetersaysthattheWhitesareonholiday,butnooneknows_______..
A.wheretheyhavebeenB.wherearethey
C.wherearetheyfromD.wheretheyhavegone
6.---Doyouknow_______.theCapitalMuseum---NextFriday.
A.whenwilltheyvisitB.whentheywillvisit
C.whendidtheyvisitD.whentheyvisited
7.Hewantedtoknow_______.theEnglishparty.
A.whenwillwehaveB.whenwewillhave
C.whenwouldwehaveD.whenwewouldhave
8.Iwanttoknow_______..
A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairport
C.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat
9.---David,lookatthemaninwhiteoverthere.Canyoutellme_______.
----Heisadoctor.
A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whatisheD.whatheis
10.---Couldyoutellme_______.Heiswantedbytheheadteacher.
---Sorry,I’venoidea.Buthe_______herejustnow.
A.whereTim;wasB.whereisTim;wasC.whereTimis;wasD.whereTimis;is
11.---DidMrs.Kingleaveamessage
---Yes.Shewantedtoknow_______thisSunday.
A.whoyouwouldgoshoppingB.ifyouwouldgoshoppingwithher
C.thatyouwillgoshoppingD.whenwillyougoshoppingwithher
12.---I’mateenager’smother.SometimesIdon’tknow.
----Loveandunderstanding.
A.whatmysonneedsmostB.whatdoesmysonwanttoget
C.whymysongetsannoyedveryoftenD.whydoesmysongetannoyedveryoften.