2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第二套）
PartIWriting(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourcampusnewspaperonavisittoalocalfarmorganizedbyyourStudentUnion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.
PartⅡListeningComprehension(25minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthenquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
1.A）Heavyfloods.
B）Safetyconcerns.
C）Badeconomy.
D）Workers’strikes.
2.A）Itiscompetitivewithitsnumeroustouristdestinations.
B）ItprovidesmanyjobopportunitiesforFrenchpeople.
C）ItisthebiggestconcernoftheFrenchgovernment.
D）Itplaysanimportantroleinthenation’seconomy.
Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
3.A）Tocarryoutascientificsurvey.
B）Toestablishanewresearchstation.
C）TorescuetwosickAmericanworkers.
D）Todeliverurgentmedicalsupplies.
4.A）Thedarknessandcold.
B）Theheavysnowandfog.
C）Thebitingwinds.
D）Theiceallaround.
Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
5.A）Bytyingittoadoorhandle.
B）Byshakingitbackandforth.
C）Witharemotecontrolcraft.
D）Withafull-sizedhelicopter.
6.A）HehaslotsoffansonFacebook.
B）Hehasrichexperienceinflying.
C）Heoftensuffersfromtoothaches.
D）Hehaslearnedtopullteethfromavideo.
7.A）Spendmoretimetogether.
B）Tellthemadventurestories.
C）Dosomethingfunandcreative.
D）Playwiththeminasafeplace.
SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Questions8to11arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
8.A）Toconfirmanurgentappointment.
B）Tocollectapackagefromthewoman.
C）Toaskthewomantosignadocument.
D）Toarrangethedeliveryofapackage.
9.A）Sheisdoingshopping.
B）Sheisvisitingafriend.
C）Sheisnotathome.
D）Sheisnotfeelingwell.
10.A）Hewillbeoffdutythewholeday.
B）Hewillbeworkingsomewhereelse.
C）Hewillhavetohavehiscarrepaired.
D）Hewillbetoobusytospareandtime.
11.A）Signhername.
B）Confirmonline.
C）Payasmallfee.
D）Showupinperson.
Questions12to15arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
12.A）VacationinItaly.
B）Studyabroad.
C）Throwafarewellparty.
D）GotoafashionshowinMilan.
13.A）Quitesleepy.
B）Veryexcited.
C）Ratherdepressed.
D）Nearlyexhausted.
14.A）Hehastoattendaparty.
B）Hehastomeetafriend.
C）Hehastomakeapresentation.
D）Hehastofinishanassignment.
15.A）Saygoodbyetothewomanattheairport.
B）MeetthewomanattheBlackCatCafe.
C）DrivetheWomantotheairport.
D）Havelunchwiththewoman.
SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
16.A)Ithaskeptgrowingoverthecenturies.
B)Itstopishiddenincloudsofvolcanicsmoke.
C)Itsheightchangeswitheachvolcaniceruption.
D)Ithasarecordedhistoryof1500years.
17.A)Theyarenowatouristdestination.
B)Theyattractalotofmigratingbirds.
C)Theyprovideshelterforthefarmers.
D)Theymakegoodfieldsforfarming.
18.A)Theynestonthevolcano’sslopes.
B)Theyfeedoncertainsmallmammals.
C)Theycompetewitheachotherforfood.
D)Theymatchlargemammalsinstrength.
Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
19.A)Heisself-employed.
B)Heisacareeradvisor.
C)Hestudiestalent.
D)Heownsamagazine.
20.A)Doingwhattheylikebest.
B)Lovingtheworktheydo.
C)Makingnoexcusesforfailures.
D)Followingtheirnaturalinstinct.
21.A)Itdoesnotcometoanythingwithouthardwork.
B)Itmayprovetobequitedifferentfromhardwork.
C)Itisanaturalgiftonlysomespecialpeoplecanpossess.
D)Itdoesnotcometoyouuntilsomethingspecialhappens.
Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
22.A)Itisabitdifficulttolearn.
B)ItwaspopularinNewZealand.
C)Itisatraditionaltypeofballet.
D)Itevolvedinthemid-1970s.
23.A)Shewantedhertobeaballetdancer.
B)Sheusedtobeaballetdancerherself.
C)Shehatedtoseeheridlingabout.
D)Shewastoobusytolookafterher.
24.A)AftershestartedteachingEnglish.
B)BeforesheleftforNewZealand.
C)WhenshemovedtoNewYorkcity.
D)Onceshebegantoliveonherown.
25.A)Ithasrenewedherpassionforlife.
B)Ithasmadeherhappyandenergetic.
C)Ithashelpedhermakenewfriends.
D)Ithasenabledhertostartanewcareer.
PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)
Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce．
Shipsareoftensunkinordertocreateunderwaterreefs(暗礁)perfectforscubadiving(水肺式潜泳)andpreservingmarine26Turkishauthoritieshavejustsunksomethingalittledifferentthanaship,anditwouldn’tnormallyevertouchwater,anAirbusA300.Thehollowed-outA300was27ofeverythingpotentiallyharmfultotheenvironmentandsunkofftheAegeancoasttoday.Notonlywillthesunkenplane28theperfectskeletonforartificialreefgrowth,tutauthoritieshopethisnewunderwaterattractionwillbringtouriststothearea.
Theplane29atotallengthof54meters,whereexperiencedscubadiverswill30beabletoventurethroughthecabinandaroundtheplane’s31.AydinMunicipalityboughttheplanefromaprivatecompanyforjustunderUS$100,000,buttheyhopetoseeareturnonthat32throughthetourismindustry.TourismthroughoutTurkeyisexpectedtofallthisyearasthecountryhasbeenthe33ofseveraldeadlyterroristattacks.Asfarassunkenplanesgo,thisAirbusA300isthelargest34sunkaircraftever.
Takingatripunderwaterand35theinsideofasunkenA300wouldbequiteanadventure,andthatisexactlywhatTurkishauthoritiesarehopingthisattractionwillmakepeoplethink.Drawinginadventureseekersandexperienceddivers,thisnewartificialAirbusreefwillbeascubadiver’sparadise(天堂).
A)create
B)depressed
C)eventually
D)experiences
E)exploring
F)exterior
G)habitats
H)innovate
I)intentionally
J)investment
K)revealing
L)stretches
M)stripped
N)territory
O)victim
Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoeachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
MakeStuff,Fail,AndLearnWhileYou’reAtIt
A)We’vealwaysbeenahands-on,do-it-yourselfkindofnation.BenFranklin,oneofAmerica’sfoundingfathers,didn’tjustinventthelightningrod.Hiscreationsincludeglasses,innovativestovesandmore.B)Franklin,whowaslargelyself-taught,mayhavebeenagenius,buthewasn’treallyanexceptionwhenitcomestoAmericanmakingandcreativity.
C)ThepersonalcomputingrevolutionandphilosophyofdisruptiveinnovationofSiliconValleygrew,inpart,outofthecreationsoftheHomebrewComputerClub,WhichwasfoundedinagarageinMenloPark,California,inthemid-1970s.Members—includingguysnamedJobsandWozniak—startedmakingandinventingthingstheycouldn’tbuy.
D)Soit’snosurprisethattheMakerMovementtodayisthrivingincommunitiesandsomeschoolsacrossAmerica.Makingisavailabletoordinarypeoplewhoaren’ttiedtobigcompanies,bigdefenselabsorresearchuniversities.ThemakerphilosophyechoesoldideasadvocatedbyJohnDewey,Montessori,andevenancientGreekphilosophers,aswepointedoutrecently.
E)Thesemakerspacesareoftenoutsideofclassrooms,andareservinganimportanteducationalfunction.TheMakerMovementisrediscoveringlearningbydoing,whichisDewey’sphrasefrom100yearsago.WearerediscoveringDeweyandMontessoriandalotofthepracticesthattheypioneeredthathavebeenforgottenoratleastputaside.Amakerspaceisaplacewhichcanbeinaschool,butitdoesn’tlooklikeaclassroom.Itcanbeinalibrary.Itcanbeoutinthecommunity.Ithastoolsandmaterials.It’saplacewhereyougettomakethingsbasedonyourinterestandonwhatyou’relearningtodo.
F)Ideasaboutlearningbydoinghavestruggledtobecomemainstreameducationally,despitebeingoldconceptsfromDeweyandMontessori,PlatoandAristotle,andintheAmericanContcxt,RalphEmerson,onthevalueofexperienceandself-reliance.It’snotnecessarilyanefficientwaytolearn.Welearn,inasense,bytrialanderror.Learningfromexperienceissomethingthattakestimeandpatience.It’sveryindividualized.Ifyourgoalistohavestandardizedapproachestolearning,whereeverybodylearnsthesamethingatthesametimeinthesameway,thenlearningbydoingdoesn’treallyfitthatmoldanymore.It’snottheworldoftextbooks.It’snottheworldoftesting.
G）Learningbydoingmaynotbeefficient,butitiseffective.Project-basedlearninghasgrowninpopularitywithteachersandadministrators.However,project-basedlearningisnotmaking.Althoughthereisaconnection,thereisalsoadistinction.Thedifferenceliesinwhethertheprojectisinasensedefinedanddevelopedbythestudentorwhetherit’sassignedbyateacher.We’llallgetthekidstobuildasmallboat.WeareallgoingtolearnaboutX,Y,andZ.Thattendstobeoneformofproject-basedlearning.
H）Ireallybelievethecoreideaofmakingistohaveanideawithinyourhead—oryoujustborrowitfromsomeone—andbegintodevelopit,repeatitandimproveit.Then,realizethatideasomehow.Thatthingthatyoumakeisvaluabletoyouandyoucanshareitwithothers.I’minterestedinhowthesethingsareexpressionsofthatperson,theirideas,andtheirinteractionswiththeworld.
I）Insomeways,alotofformsofmakinginschooltrivialize（使变得无足轻重）making.Thethingthatyoumakehasnovaluetoyou.Onceyouaredonedemonstratingwhateverconceptwasinthetextbook,youthrowawaythepipecleaners,thecardboardtubes.
J）Makingshouldbestudent-directedandstudent-led,otherwiseit’sboring.Itdoesn’thavethemotivationofthestudent.I’mnotsayingthatstudentsshouldnotlearnconceptsornotlearnskills.Theydo.Buttoreallyharnesstheirmotivationistobuildupontheirinterest.It’stoletthembeincontrolandtodrivethecar.
K）Teachersshouldaimtobuildasupportive,creativeenvironmentforstudentstodothiswork.Averysocialenvironment,wheretheyarelearningfromeachother.Whentheyhaveaproblem,itisn’ttheteachernecessarilycomingintosolveit.Theyareresponsibleforworkingthroughthatproblem.Itmightbetheyhavetotalktootherstudentsintheclasstohelpgetananswer.
L）Theteacher’sroleismoreofacoachorobserver.Sometimes,topeople,itsoundslikethisisadiminishedroteforteachers.Ithinkit’saheightenedrole.You’reereatingthisenvironment,likeamakerspace.Youhave20kidsdoingdifferentthings.Youarewatchingthemandreallyit’sthehumanbehaviorsyou’relookingat.AretheyengagedAtheydevelopingandrepeatingtheirprojectAretheystumbling(受挫)？Dotheyneedsomethingthattheydon’thaveCanyouhelpthembeawareofwheretheyare
M)Mybeliefisthatthegoalofmakingisnottogeteverykidtobehands-on,butitenableustobegoodlearners.It’snottheknowledgethatisvaluable,It’sthepracticeoflearningnewthingsandunderstandinghowthingswork.Theseareprocessesthatyouaredevelopingsothatyouareable,overtime,totacklemoreinterestingproblems,morechallengingproblems—problemsthatrequiremanypeopleinsteadofoneperson,andmanyskillsinsteadofone.
N)Ifteacherskeepitform-freeandstudent-led,itcanstillbetiedtoacurriculumandaneducationalplan.Ithinkamakerspaceismorelikealikealibraryinthattherearemultiplesubjectsandmultiplethingsthatyoucanlearn.Whatseemstobemissinginschoolishowthesesubjectsintegrate,howtheyfittogetherinanymeaningfulway.Ratherthansaying,‘Thisisscience,overhereishistory,’Iseeschoolstakingthisideaofprojectsandlookingat:Howdotheysupportchildreninhigherlevellearning
O)Ifeellikethisisashiftawayformasubjectmatter-basedcurriculumtoamoreexperientialcurriculumorlearning.It’sstillinitsearlystages,butIthinkit’sshiftingaroundnotwhatkidslearnbuthowtheylearn.
36.Amakerspaceiswherepeoplemakethingsaccordingtotheirpersonalinterests.
37.Theteachers’roleisenhancedinamakerspaceastheyhavetomonitorandfacilitateduringtheprocess.
38.Comingupwithanideaofone’sownorimprovingonefromothersiskeytotheconceptofmaking.
39.Contrarytostructuredlearning,learningbydoingishighlyindividualized.
40.Americaisanationknownfortheideaofmakingthingsbyoneself.
41.Makingwillbeboringunlessstudentsareabletotakecharge.
42.Makingcanberelatedtoaproject,butitiscreatedandcarriedoutbystudentsthemselves.
43.Theauthorsuggestsincorporatingtheideaofamakerspaceintoaschoolcurriculum.
44.Themakerconceptisamodernversionofsomeancientphilosophicalideas.
45.Makingisnottakenseriouslyinschoolwhenstudentsareaskedtomakesomethingmeaninglesstothembasedontextbooks.
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Mostkidsgrowuplearningtheycannotdrawonthewalls.Butitmightbetimetounlearnthattraining—thissummer,groupofcultureaddicts,artistsandcommunityorganizersareinvitingNewYorkerstowritealloverthewallsofanoldhouseonGovernor’sIsland.
TheprojectiscalledWritingOnItAll,andit’saparticipatorywritingprojectandartisticexperimentthathashappenedonGovernor’sIslandeverysummersince2013.
“Mostoftheparticipantsarepeoplewhoarejustwalkingbyorareontheislandforotherreasons,ortheyjustkindofhappentobethere,”AlexandraChasin,artisticdirectorofWritingOnItAll,tells.
The2016seasonrunsthroughJune26andfeaturessessionsfacilitatedbyeveryonefromdancerstodomesticworkers.Eachsessionhasatheme,andparticipantsaregivenavarietyofmaterialsandpromptsandaskedtocoversurfaceswiththeirthoughtsandart.Thisyear,theprogramsrangefromonethatturnsthehouseintoacollaborativeessaytoonethatexploresthemeaningofexile.
Governor’sIslandisanationalhistoriclandmarkdistrictlongusedformilitarypurposes.Nowknownas“NewYork’ssharedspaceforartandplay,”theisland,whichliesbetweenManhattanandBrooklyninUpperNewYorkBay,isclosedtocarsbutopentosummertouristswhoflckforfestivals,picnics,adventures,aswellasthese“legalgraffiti(涂鸦)”Sessions.
Thenotesandartscribbled(涂画)onthewallsareanexperimentinself-expression.Sofar,participantshaverangedinagefrom2to85.ThoughChasinsaysthefocusoftheworkisontheactivityofwriting,ratherthanthetextthatendsupgettingwritten,someoftheworkthatcomesoutofthesessionshasstuckwithher.
“Oneofthesessionsthatmovedmethemostwasstateviolenceonblackwomenandblackgirls,”saysChasin,explainingthatinoneroom,peoplewrotedownthenamesofthosekilledbecauseofit.“Peopledobeautifulworkandleavebeautifulmessages.”
46.WhatdoestheprojectWritingOnItAllinvitepeopletodo
A)Unlearntheirtrainingindrawing.
B)Participateinastategraffitishow.
C)Coverthewallsofanoldhousewithgraffiti.
D)Exhibittheirartisticcreationsinanoldhouse.
47.Whatdowelearnabouttheparticipantsintheproject
A)Theyarejustcultureaddicts.
B)Theyaregraffitienthusiasts.
C)Theyarewritersandartists.
D)Theyaremostlypassers-by.
48.Whatdidtheprojectparticipantsdoduringthe2016season
A)Theywerefreetoscribbleonthewallswhatevercametotheirmind.
B)Theyexpressedtheirthoughtsingraffitionthethemeofeachsession.
C)Theylearnedthetechniquesofcollaborativewriting.
D)Theywererequiredtocooperatewithothercreators.
49.WhatkindofplaceisGovernor’sIsland
A)Itisahistoricsitethatattractstouristsandartists.
B)Itisanareanowaccessibleonlytotouristvehicles.
C)ItisaplaceinUpperNewYorkBayformerlyusedforexiles.
D)Itisanopenareafortouriststoenjoythemselvesyearround.
50.WhatdoesChasinsayabouttheproject
A)Itjustfocusedonthesufferingsofblackfemales.
B)Ithelpedexpandtheinfluenceofgraffitiart.
C)Ithasstartedthecareerofmanycreativeartists.
D)Ithascreatedsomemeaningfulartisticworks.
PassageTwo
Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Onlineprogramstofightdepressionarealreadycommerciallyavailable.Whiletheysoundefficientandcost-saving,arecentstudyreportsthattheyarenoteffective,primarilybecausedepressedpatientsarenotlikelytoengagewiththemorstickwiththem.
Thestudylookedatcomputer-assistedcognitive(认知的)behavioraltherapy(CBT)andfoundthatitwasnomoreeffectiveintreatingdepressionthantheusualcarepatientsreceivefromaprimarycaredoctor.
TraditionalCBTisconsideredaneffectiveformoftalktherapyfordepression,helpingpeoplechallengenegativethoughtsandchangethewaytheythinkinordertochangetheirmoodandbehaviors.However,onlineCBTprogramshavebeengainingpopularity,withtheattractionofprovidinglow-costhelpwhereversomeonehasaccesstoacomputer.
AteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofYorkconductedarandomized(随机的)controltrialwith691depressedpatientsfrom83physicianpracticesacrossEngland.Thepatientsweresplitintothreegroups:onegroupreceivedonlyusualcarefromaphysicianwhiletheothertwogroupsreceivedusualcarefromaphysicianplusoneoftwocomputerizedCBTprograms.Participantswerebalancedacrossthethreegroupsforage,sex,educationalbackground,severityanddurationofdepression,anduseofantidepressants(抗抑郁药).
Afterfourmonths,thepatientsusingthecomputerizedCBTprogramshadnoimprovementindepressionlevelsoverthepatientswhowereonlygettingusualcarefromtheirdoctors.
“It’sanimportant,cautionarynotethatweshouldn’tgettoocarriedawaywiththeideathatacomputersystemcanreplacedoctorsandtherapists,”saysChristopherDowrick,aprofessorofprimarymedicalcareattheUniversityofLiverpool.“Wedostillneedthehumantouchorthehumaninteraction,particularlywhenpeoplearedepressed.”
Beingdepressedcanmeanfeeling“lostinyourownsmall,negative,darkworld,”Dowricksays.Havingaperson,insteadofacomputer,reachouttoyouisparticularlyimportantincombatingthatsenseofisolation.“Whenyou’reemotionallyvulnerable,you’reevenmoreinneedofacaringhumanbeing,”hesays.
51.WhatdoestherecentstudysayaboutonlineCBTprograms
A)Patientsmaynotbeabletocarrythemthroughforeffectivecure.
B)Patientscannotengagewiththemwithouttheuseofacomputer.
C)Theycansavepatientstroublevisitingphysicians.
D)Theyhavebeenwellreceivedbyalotofpatients.
52.WhathasmadeonlineCBTprogramsincreasinglypopular
A)Theireffectivenessincombatingdepression.
B)Thelowefficiencyoftraditionaltalktherapy.
C)Theireasyandinexpensiveaccessbypatients.
D)Therecommendationbyprimarycaredoctors.
PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.
舞狮作为中国传统民间表演已有2000多年历史。在狮子舞中，两位表演者同披一件狮子服，一个舞动头部，另一个舞动身体和尾巴。他们熟练配合，模仿狮子的各种动作。狮子也是兽中之王，象征幸福和好运，所以人们通常在春节和其他节日期间表演狮子舞。狮子舞也可能出现在其他重要场合，如商店开业和结婚典礼，往往吸引许多人观赏。