2024年12月英语四级阅读理解模拟：地理和人
Asubjectwhichseemstohavebeeninsufficientlystudiedbydoctorsandpsychologistsistheinfluenceofgeographyandclimateonthepsychologicalandphysicalhealthofmankind.Thereseemsnodoubtthatthegeneralcharacterofthelandscape,therelativelengthofdayandnight,andtheclimatemustallplayabigpartindeterminingwhatkindofpeopleweare.
Itistruethatafewstudieshavebeenmade.Wherealltheinhabitantsofaparticularareaenjoyexceptionallygoodorbadhealth,scientistshaveidentified.contributoryfactorssuchasthepresenceorabsenceofsubstanceslikeiodine,fluoride,calcium,orironinthewatersupply,orperhapstypesoflandthatprovidebreedingplacesforpestslikemosquitoesorrats.
Moreover,wecanallgeneralizeabouttypesofpeoplewehavemet.Thoselivingincountries.withlongdarkwintersareapttobelesstalkativeandlessvivaciousthaninhabitantsofcountrieswheretheclimateismoreequable(稳定的).Andwheretheoliveandtheorangegrow,theretheinhabitantsarecheerful,talkative,andspontaneous.
Butthesecommonplacegeneralizationsareinadequate:theinfluence:ofclimateandgeographyshouldbestudiedindepth.DoallmountaindwellerslivetoaripeoldageDoesthedrinkingofwine,ratherthanbeer,resultinasunnyandopentemperamentIsthestrengthandheightofoneoftheKenyantribesduetotheirhabitualdrinkingofthebloodofcows
Wearenotyetsureoftheanswerstosuch.questions,butletushopethatsomethingofbenefittomankindmayeventuallyresultfromsuchstudies.
练习题：
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageisto______.
readerstothescarcityofnaturalresources
formoreresearchontheinfluenceofgeographicalenvironment
ucedifferentelementsincharactercultivation
moreattentiontothehealthconditionofmankind
2.Itcanbeinferredthatproperamountsofiodine,fluorideandcalciumcan_____.
A.benefitpeople’sphysicalhealth
B.influencethequalityofwatersupply
providebreedingplacesforpests.
D.strengthenaperson'scharacter
3.Howdoestheauthorevaluatethegeneralizationsofpeople'stypesinPara.3
A.Suchgeneralizationshelpusjudgethedifferentcharactersofpeoplewemeet
B.Suchgeneralizationsarenotinclusiveenoughtodrawaconvincingconclusion.
C.Suchgeneralizationsprovethatnatureplaysanimportantroleindeterminingsocialhabits.
D.Suchgeneralizationsshowthattherearemainlytwodifferenttypesofpeopleontheplanet.
4.Accordingtothepassage,researchintotheinfluenceofclimateandgeographyshould____.
A.focusonunknownaspects
B.bepursuedonalargerscale
C.becarriedoutamongremotetribes
D.goaheadindepth
5.Whatdoweknowaboutthegeneralizationsofpeople’stype
A.Peoplewholikedrinkingwinetendtobeoptimistic.
B.Peoplewholiveinmountainareastendtohavealonglife.
C.Peoplewholiveinareaswithstableclimatetendtobetalkativeandlively.
D.Peoplewholikedrinkingcowbloodtendtobestrongandtall.
参考答案：
2.[A]推理判断题。句中的goodhealth与后面的contributoryfactors告诉读者选项A是正确的。选项B中的thequality是无中生有。选项C中的providebreedingplacesforpests在文中的主语是land。选项D中的character跟水中的矿物质无关。
3.[B]观点态度题。紧接第2段论证环境和健康的关系之后，第3段看似论述环境和个性的关系，举了两种比较典型的环境和性格特征的例子,但是,第4段第1句就把前面的表面现象给否定了，所以此题答案为B。其他三个选项立场都错了。
4.[D]事实细节题。作者在第4段第1句破折号后指出应对地理和气候的影响进行更深人的研究，故选项D正确。
5.[C]事实细节題。第3段第2句表明选项C正确。这两段都提到了人的类型的归纳,第3段中的归纳是正确的，而第4段中的归纳是有待考证的，因此,本题要依据第3段描述的类型做出选择。
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