1、SlowDownYourSpeakingSpeed减慢语速
Youmightbeaneloquentspeakerwhenitcomestoyourmothertongue,butexpectingthesamestandardsfromyourselfwhenspeakinginaforeignlanguagemaynotbeveryrealistic.
当你用母语交流时,你可能不输给奇葩说的辩论选手。而当你使用外语时,想要达到这样的水平,显然是不现实的。
Especially,ifyou’reattheearlystagesoflearning.Learnersareoftentoldnottoworryaboutthemistakesthey’remaking,however,itiseasytounderstandwhyyouwouldliketomakeagoodimpressiononyouraudience.
尤其,你还是语言的初级学习者。周围的人经常说不要在乎是否会犯语法错误,但是如果你想用外语给对方留下好印象的话,尽量还是要避免语法错误。
Toovercomethisdifficulty,youmaytryslowingdownyourspeakingspeed.
Nobodywillholditagainstyouifyouspeakmoreslowlyandclearly.Greatspeakersdothesametogettheirmessageacross.Selectingyourwordscarefullymayalsobeseenasasignofrespecttowardsyouraudience.Itshowsthatyouwanttogivethemthebestpossibleanswer.
为了克服这个障碍,你需要减慢你的语速。如果你讲得慢一些,但是更加清楚、有条理,没人会反对你的。伟大的演讲者也是通过这种方式去表述自己的观点。谨慎地选用词汇也是对讲话对方的尊重,因为这体现了你想让对方得到明确清楚的答复。
Youmaybeworriedthatthepeopleyou’retalkingtoareimpatientandwouldlikeyoutosaywhatyouwantasquicklyaspossible.
你可能认为谈话对方不耐心,希望你讲得越快越好。
Firstofall,itmaynotbetrue–peopleoftenpreferawell-thought-outanswertoarushedone.
Sojustrelax.
首先,这个认知可能是错误的。人们往往更愿意得到一个经过深思熟虑后得出的答案,而非一个匆匆忙忙的回复。
所以,放轻松。
Anotherpracticalthingyoucandoisequippingyourselfwithfixedphrasesyoucanusewhenremainingsilentdoesn’tseemtobeanoption.
保持沉默并不是最佳选择,但是有一个可行的办法:自己准备些固定的术语。
举个例子:
WhyistheresomuchviolenceonTVThat’sagoodquestion.Letmethinkforamoment,Ihaven’treallythoughtaboutitbefore.Well,Isuppose…
为什么电视节目如此暴力?这是个好问题,让我想一下,我之前还真没考虑过这个问题。我认为…
Herethespeakergainsconsiderableamountoftimetoreflectjustbyrepeatingthequestionandaddingafewsentences.Ifyoudothesame,you’llsoundmorefluentandwon’tfeelthepressureofhavingtosaysomethingbeforeyou’reready.
常用的连接词:
duringtheday
inthemeantime
It’sbeenalongtimesince
Sorrytobother/troubleyou,but…
Wouldyoumindif…
Oh,comeon!
I’mjustkidding!
Forwhatit’sworth,…
Toberight/wrongabout
Titfortat/aneyeforaneye,atoothforatooth
3、LearnSentences,NotOnlyWords记忆句子,而非单词
Whenyoulearnanewword,trytomemorizeacoupleofsentencesthatcontainit.
当你学习一个新的单词时,去记这个单词所构成的句子。
Theremightcomeatimewhenyoucanuseoneparticularsentencewithlittle,ornoalterationatall.Unfortunately,manypeoplelearnwordsbyheart,buthavenoideahowtousetheminasentence.
有时你甚至可以原封不动地在交流过程中使用这个句子。但是很多人都是记住一个单词,却不知道在句子中如何它。
Itwillbesuchareliefnothavingtoworryaboutwhetherthesentenceiscorrectgrammaticallyornot.Let’slookatanexample:
此外,记句子的好处在于你都不用去担心自己的句子语法正确与否,譬如:
appreciate=torecognizethevalueofsomething/somebody
Ithinkit’snecessarytofeelappreciatedinarelationship/atwork.
Iappreciateallyourhardwork.
Isn’titmuchmoreusefultomemorize’appreciate’thisway
难道背句子不比背单词更有效吗?
4、LearntoListen聆听
Whenspeakinginaforeignlanguage,youmightbesofocusedonwhatyouaresayingandwhetherit’scorrectornot,thatyouforgettolistentowhatothersaresaying.
当讲一门外语时,你可能太专注于你讲的句子正确与否,而忽略了对方在说什么。
Thisisabigmistakeastheymightbeusingtheexactwordsorgrammaryou’llbeneedinglateron.Sopayattentiontowhat’sbeingsaidaroundyou,it’syourmostimportantresourceatthetimeofspeakingtosomeone.
你身边的人可能会使用你接下来需要的语法结构或者是词汇,所以聆听周围人在讲些什么,那是你对话时最重要的词汇语法“宝库”。
5、PractiseYourInterrogatives练习提问
Wealsoneedtokeepinmindthefactthatcommunicationisatwo-wayprocess.Notonlydoesitmakeyouseemuninterested–evenrude–ifyoudon’taskquestions,youmightalsoendupbeingtheonewhohastodoallthetalking.
我们要知道交流是双向的。如果你不问对方问题,对方可能会觉得你不感兴趣,甚至认为你没有礼貌。结果就是你必须要一直说话。
So,whenyou’verunoutofideasaboutwhattosaynext,remember:othersmighthavesomethingtoadd.
所以,当你不知道接下来要说什么的时候,记住:对方可能也有想要表达的想法。可你以尝试这样提问对方:
Whatareyourviewsonthat
HowaboutyouWhatdoyouthink
Whydoyouthinkthere’ssomuchviolenceonTV
Questionslikethiswillkeeptheconversationgoingandwillshowyourinterestinotherpeople’sopinion.Theywillalsogiveyoutimetorelaxalittleandstartenjoyingyourself.
6、Produce,Produce,Produce练习,练习,练习
AsIsaidatthebeginningofthisarticle,youmightknowalotaboutthelanguage,butthisispassiveknowledgethatmustbeactivatedsomehow.YouraimistobeabletoproducecorrectEnglish;practiceisundeniablythebestwaytolearnandimprove.
Speaking,ontheotherhand,isamuchmorespontaneousprocessandnothingpreparesyouforitbetterthanactuallydoingit.So,findpeopleyoucanpractisewith.
交流,其实是非常自发的过程,只有你去说,你才能去总结反思成长,所以,找个可以和你对话交流的人吧!