1、在开音节中,发字母本身音ei例如:aim,awake,cake,clay,name
2、在闭音节中,读短音?例如:cap,map,stand
3、在字母s(ss),n,r和字母组合th前,读长音a:例如:answer,art,bar
6、在某些非重读音节中,读短音i例如:manage,orange
8、在any,many,anything等单词中读短音e
字母t的读音规律
字母t在单词中的读音通常有以下六种情况
1、一般发t例如:
beat,but,elect,factory,history,interest,letter,list,little,take,tire,title,train,treat,twin,two,waste
2、不发音t在s或z与l,n等其它辅音之间时,常不发音。例如:
fasten,hasten,listen,bristle,castle,rustle,while
3、在-tion,-tien,-tia等组合中,t发∫例如:
liberation,operation,partial,patient,translation
4、在-stion,-ture,-tunate,-tury等组合中,t通常发t∫例如:
century,fortunate,future,picture,question,suggestion
5、t与字母h组合构成th,发θ与e两种,通常在介词、连词中或-er前发e在名词、动词、形容词词首发θ,例如:
ealthough,though,with,within,without
θtheory,thick,thin,thing,think,throw
6、t与字母ch组合构成tch,发t∫例如:pitch,snatch,watch
字母u的读音规律
字母u在单词中有以下几种读音
1、u:,字母u在开音节中读此音。例如:blue,rule
2、ju:,字母u在多数开音节中读此音。例如:excuse,future,usual
3、u,字母u在闭音节中读此音。例如:bush,full,put
4、Λ,字母u在大多数闭音节中读此音。例如:cup,cut,mum,under,up,us
字母x的读音规律
字母x在单词中的读音规律如下:
1、x后跟辅音字母,读ks例如:
excellent,except,excite,excited,excitedly,exciting,excuse,exhibiton,expect,expense,expensive,experience,experienced,experiment,expert,explain,explanation,explore,expose,express,expression,extend,extra,next,oxygen
2、x位于词尾或音节尾部,读ks例如:
box,fix,fox,mix,mixture,relax,relaxation,six,sixteen,sixty,tax,taxi
3、x位于两个元音字母之间读gz例如:
exact,exactly,exam,examination,examine,example,exist但是exercise例外。
4、特殊情况。例如:anxious.
字母s发s的读音规律
1、s在词首时,除了sugar,sure,以及sh组合发∫以外,其余一律发s,例如:serve,seven,sign,six,some,surface
2、两个s在词尾时发s例如:
across,address,glass,grass,kiss,miss,pass,press,process,progress,puss,stress,success,swiss
3、词尾s在u后发s例如:abacus,bus,minus,plus,syllabus,us,walrus
4、在sis组合的弱读中,两个s都发s例如:
ellipsis,emphasis,genesis,oasis
5、s在字母c前发s例如:discipline,muscle,transcend
6、s在某些前后缀中发s
(1)、在前缀mis-,dis-中,s发s,例如:
disengage,disobey,disorder,misbelieve,misjudge,mismanage
(2)、在后缀-sive,-sity,-self,-some,-sy,中,s发s例如:
animosity,decisive,evasive,expensive,bandsome,himself,hypocrisy,intensive,myself,prophesy,quarrelsome,tiresome,troublesome,yourself
7、s在清辅音前后常发s例如:
grasp,honest,newspaper,roofs,satisfy,sportsman,statesman,stops,task,words
8、词尾se在字母r,l,n后时发s例如:
course,else,horse,nurse,offense,pulse,response,sense,tense,universe,worse
词尾-s(-es)的读音规律
动词的第三人称单数与名词的复数都要在词尾加-s或-es,以下是其读音规律
1、在辅音p,g,f,等后读s例如:helps,likes,cooks
2、在辅音v,g,m,n,等和元音后读z例如:
drives,loves,comes,opens,knows,stays
3、在以t结尾的动词后加-s读ts,以d结尾的动词加-s读dz例如:
sits,writes,reads
guesses,excuses,washes,watches,teaches
5、名词house单数为haus,复数houses却读作'hauziz,需特别记忆
字母组合oo的读音规律
字母组合oo在单词中的读音规律如下:
1、字母组合oo除了在food中读长音外,在字母d前都读短音u,但有两个特例:flood(flΛd),blood(blΛd)
2、字母组合oo除了在foot中读短音外,在字母t前都读长音u:
3、除了上述情况,oo在字母k前读短音u,在其他辅音字母或后面无辅音字母时均读u:,例如:boot,fool,loom,noon,pool,room,smooth,soon,too
字母组合gh的读音规律
字母组合gh在单词中的读音主要有发音和不发音两种情况
1、gh在下列三种情况下发音
(1)gh在词首时,发g例如:ghost
(2)词首为字母l且后跟字母组合augh时,gh发f例如:laugh,laughter
(3)词尾为字母组合ough时,gh发f例如:cough,enough
2、gh在下列五种情况下不发音
(1)gh在元音字母I后不发音,例如:bright,fight,frighten
(2)gh在元音字母组合ei和ai后不发音,例如:
eight,eighth,neighbor,straight
(3)gh在字母组合ought中不发音。例如:bought,brought,fought
(4)字母组合augh前面不是l时,gh不发音,例如:
caught,daughter,naughty,taught
(5)词尾为ough的词,有的发f,如以上所述,但有时也不发音,例如:although,plough,through,though
字母组合ng的读音规律
字母组合ng在单词中一般有以下几种读音:
字母组合ea的读音规律
字母组合ea在单词中一般有以下几种读音:
1、ea通常读i:例如:
beast,each,east,easy,eat,heat,lead,leaf,league,lean,leave,mean,meat,please,reach,reason,repeat,sea,seagull,seat,speak,steal,steam,tea,teach
2、ea在d前读e,例如:
ahead,already,dead,head,beadache,headmaster,ready
3、ea在词尾是-lth,-sant,-sure,-ther,-ture的字母组合前读e例如:feature,health,measure,peasant,pleasant,treasure,weather
5、ea读ei例如:break,outbreak
字母组合th的读音规律
字母组合th在单词中一般有以下几种读音:
1、名词、动词、形容词、数词、等实词的词首或词尾中,th多读θ例如:
both,earth,forth,north,theatre,thief,thousand,Thursday
2、代词、副词、连词、介词和定冠词中,th读e例如:
that,the,them,these,they,this,those,without
3、单词中的th也读e例如:
another,brother,either,father,mother,neither,other,whether
4、th前是短元音或辅音时,加-s后读θs例如:month---months.moth---moths
5、th前是长元音或双元音时,加-s后ths读ez例如:
fourth---fourths,mouth---mouths
6、个别词中的ths读θs或ez均可。例如:cloths,truths
读e音的字母组合规律
英语单词中读e音的字母组合有以下规律
1、e在闭音节中读e,例如:
bed,beg,bench,bend,best,chect,chest,debt,desk,edge,egg,else,end,fetch,flesh,fred,french,fresh,get,help,hen,jet,left,leg,lend,length,let,neck,net,next,pen,pest,red,rest,send,sense,set,spend,step,ten,test,text,them,then,twelfth,twelve,west,wet,when,yes,yet
2、e在ll前读e例如:
bell,fellow,rebellion,sell,shell,smell,spell,spelling,tell,umbrella,well,yellow,
3、e在nn前读e例如:jenny,penny,tennis
4、e在rr前读e例如:errand,marry,merrily,terrible,terrify
5、e在ss前读e例如:
address,depression,dress,essay,express,expression,impress,less,lesson,message,oppress,possession,press,pressure,procession,professor,progress,success,successful,unless
6、e在tt前读e例如:better,betty,letter,settle
7、ea有时读e例如:
ahead,already,bread,breakfast,breath,dead,deaf,death,head,headache,health,healthy,heaven,instead,measure,overhead,peasant,pleasant,pleasure,ready,spread,sweat,thread,wealth,weather
8、有些字母组合也e例如:
bury,friend,friendly,friendship,guess,guest,question
读i音的字母组合规律
英语单词中读i音的字母组合有以下规律:
1、i在闭音节中读i例如:
dish,fifth,fish,fit,fix,gift,hit,if,it,its,kick,king,kiss,lid,lift,lip,list,miss,mix,pick,quick,rich,rid,ring,ship,sick,sing,sit,six,sixth,slip,smith,spit,stick,strict,thick,thing,this,trick,trip,which,whip,wish
2、i和v和rr前读i例如:forgive,give,live,living,mirror,river
3、e,u和ui有时读i例如:
build,building,business,busy,English,England,Englishman,equip,equipment,quick,quickly,quilt,squirrel
4、y读i例如:
dynasty,Egyptian,Olympic,physical,physicist,physics,pyramid,sympathy
5、在非重读音节中,e读i例如:
carpet,cinema,college,kindness,necessary,planet,ticket
block,bob,boss,box,clock,cloth,cock,cost,crop,cross,dot,drop,fox,god,hot,knock,lock,lot,nod,not,off,pot,rob,rock,rot,shop,sob,soft,spot,stop,top
borrow,horrible,horror,porridge,sorrow,sorry,tomorrow
读Λ音的字母组合规律
英语单词中读Λ音的字母组合有以下规律:
1、u在闭音节中读Λ例如:
brush,bus,but,butter,club,cup,cut,duck,dust,dustbin,fun,gun,hunt,hurry,judge,jump,just,luck,lung,much,mud,must,nut,plug,rub,rubber,run,rush,Russia,russian,shut,such,suck,sudden,suffer,summer,sun,supper,thus,truck,trunk,trust,ugly,up,upper,us
2、在m,n,v,th前,o有时读Λ例如:
brother,come,comfort,cover,front,love,lovely,Monday,money,monkey,month,mother,none,nothing,once,one,other,some,someone,something,sometimes,somewhere,son,stomach,tongue
3、oo在d前有时读Λ例如:blood,flood
4、ou有时读Λ例如:
country,courage,cousin,discourage,discouraged,double,enough,rough,southern,touch,tough,trouble,troublesome,young
certain,certainly,german,germany,her,hers,mercy,nervous,observe,perfect,perfectly,person,refer,servant,serve,service,term,university,verb
bird,birthday,circle,dirt,dirty,firm,first,girl,shirt,sir,skirt,third,thirsty,thirty
burn,burst,church,curtain,fur,further,hurt,murder,murderer,nurse,return,surface,Thursday
early,earth,learn,research,search
word,work,worker,works,world,worm,worse,worship,worshop,worst,worth,worthy
读a:音的字母组合规律
英语单词中读a:音的字母组合有以下规律:
1、ar读a:例如:
arctic,are,arm,army,art,artist,car,card,carl,charge,Charlie,dark,darkness,far,farm,farmer,farther,gardon,hard,hardly,harm,harvest,large,march,mark,market,pardon,park,part,party,sharp,star,start,starve,yard
2、在字母组合ance,and和ant中(即a在n前)a有时读a:例如:
Advance,chance,command,dance,demand,france,plant
3、在字母组合ask,ass,asp,ast中(即a在s前)a多读a:例如:
ask,basket,basketball,cast,clasp,class,classroom,fast,gasp,glass,glasses,grasp,grassland,last,master,pass,past,task
4、在字母组合aft和ath中(即a在ft和th前)a多读a:例如:
aunt,calm,calmly,half,laugh
5、其它are,branch,guard,heart,vase
读i:音的字母组合规律
英语单词中读i:音的字母组合有以下规律:
1、e在开音节中读i:例如:
appreciate,Chinese,complete,eve,he,Japanese,kilometer,me,negro,scene,she,these,we
2、ea常读i:例如:
beast,beat,breathe,cheap,clean,deal,defeat,dream,each,eager,east,easy,eat,European,heat,increase,lead,leader,leaf,league,lean,least,leave,meal,mean,meat,neat,peace,please,reach,read,reason,reasonable,repeat,sea,season,seat,speak,speaker,steal,steam,stream,tea,teach,teacher,team,treat,weak,weave,ewaver,wheat
3、ee读i:例如:
bee,deed,deep,feed,flee,free,freeze,jeep,keep,knee,meet,need,reel,see,seed,sheep,sheet,sleeve,speech,speed,steel,street,sweep,three,week,weep
4、ie读i:例如:
Achieve,achievement,belief,believe,field
5、在辅音字母s,c后面,ei读i:例如:
Ceiling,receive,seize
6、在一些单词中,i读如e的长元音,即i:例如:
machine,magazine,police,technique
7、字母组合eo中的o往往不发音而读i:例如:
People
barefoot,barely,careful,dare,declare,glare,prepare,rare,share,spare,square,
affair,airport,chair,chairman,despair,fair,fairly,fairy,hair,millionaire,repair,stair,upstairs
their,theirs
bear,tear,wear
there,therefore,where
area,glaring,mary,various
bone,choke,close,clothes,clothing,globe,go,hole,home,hope,joe,joke,moment,motor,no,noble,nose,note,ocean,oh,open,over,photo,poem,pole,programme,role,rope,rose,smoke,soviet,stone,stove,those,total,whole
boat,coal,coast,coat,float,goat,road,roadside,soap,throat
although,shoulder,soul,though
arrow,blow,borrow,bow,bowl,fellow,flow,grow,know,low,lower,narrow,own,owner,row,shallow,show,slow,slowly,snow,sorrow,sparrow,throw,window,yellow
cold,gold,hold,most,mostly,old,post,poster,scold,soldier
both,only,won't
读ei音的字母组合规律
英语单词中读ei音的字母组合有以下规律
1、a在开音节中读ei例如:
able,age,brave,cake,cave,date,fate,game,gate,grade,hate,kate,lake,lame,late,make,name,page,pale,phase,place,race,sale,same,save,shake,shame,shape,skate,slave,snake,space,state,table,take,tale,tape,trade,eake,wave
2、a在tion前读ei例如:
Celebration,congratulation,education,examination,graduation,jimagination,information,liberation,operation,population,pronunciation,relation,situation
3、ai读ei例如:
aim,brain,chain,dail,fail,failure,gain,grain,main,mainly,nail,pain,paint,plain,praise,rail,railway,rain,raise,sail,sailor,straight,strait,tail,tailor,train,waist,wait,waiter
4、ay读ei例如:
away,day,daylight,daytime,delay,gray,hay,lay,may,maybe,pay,play,playground,stay,today,way
5、eigh读ei例如:
eighth,eighty,neighbour,weigh,weight
5、ey读ei例如:
grey,hey,obey,they
7、a在nge前读ei例如:
change,danger,dangerous,strange,stranger
8、a在ste前读ei例如:
taste,waste
8、在以下单词中,ea读ei例如:
break,great,greatly
单词中不发音字母的规律
英语单词中不发音字母主要有以下几种情况
1、b出现在词尾,在字母m后。例如:
bomb,climb,comb,crumb,dumb,lamb,limb,plumb,thumb,tomb
2、c出现在字母s或者x后。例如:
adolescence,ascend,disciple,excellence,excess,excite,fascinate,scissors
3.g出现在词首,在字母n前。例如:
4、g出现在词尾,在字母m,n前,例如:
Campaign,deigh,design,diaphragm,foreign,paradigm,phlegm,reign
5.gh出现在词尾或在字母t前。例如:
brought,caught,fought,height,high,straight,thorough,thought,weight
6、h出现在词首,在字母g,r,ex后,例如:
exhaust,exhibit,exhilarate,exhort,ghetto,ghost,ghoul,rhetoric,rhyme,rhythm
7、h出现在词尾,例如:
ah啊myrrh没药sarah女子名utah美国西部一洲名
8、k出现在词首,在字母n前,例如:
Knead,knee,knickers,knife,knight,knit,knot,know
9、l出现在词尾,在字母n前,例如:
calf,half,chalk,stalk,talk,walk,alms,calm,palm,psalm
10、m出现在词首,在字母n前,例如:
mnemonic,mnemonist,Mnemosyne,
11、n出现在词首,在字母m后。例如:
autumn,column,hymn
12、p出现在词首,在字母n,s,t之前,例如:
pneumatics,pneumonia,psalm,pseudonym,psychic,psychology,pterodactyl
13、t出现在词尾的字母组合-sten和-stle中,例如:
fasten,hasten,apostle,castle,whistle
缩写词的读音规律
英语缩写语不但能节省篇幅,而且易于记忆和传诵。但是,缩写语的读音却往往为人们所忽视,现将它们几种读音情况归纳如下。
1、按缩写后的形式发音。这是缩写词中最大一类,它们不仅缩短了原词的长度,读音上也随之缩短,例如:
exam,examination,ad,advertisement,auto,automobile,voa,voiceofAmerica
2、按未缩写时的读音念。这类词包括日、月份、度量衡和称呼等。它们之所以按原音念,是因为在口语中这些词的信息十分重要,必须让听话人听清楚,例如:
Mon,Monday,Wed,Wednesday,Apr,april,Feb,February,Mr,Mister,Mrs,Mistress,kg,kilogram,km,kilometer
3、能组成一个新词的缩写语,按新词的读音念,这类缩略语通常由几个单词的首字母组合而成,它们在外形上极像一个新单词,因此在发音上就遵循单词的读音方式。例如: