2021年初,第十三届全国人大四次会议审议通过了《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标纲要》(以下简称《纲要》)。
中国外文局、中国翻译研究院组织各语种中外专家进行全文翻译,经研商审定,形成汉英、汉法、汉俄、汉日、汉西、汉德、汉阿、汉葡、汉韩等9个汉外对照文版。
(一)“十四五”时期经济社会发展主要指标Majorindicatorsofeconomicandsocialdevelopmentduringthe14thFive-YearPlanPeriod
经济发展Economicdevelopment
1.国内生产总值(GDP)增长GDPgrowthrate
2.全年劳动生产率增长Annuallaborproductivitygrowth
3.常住人口城镇化率Permanenturbanresidents
创新驱动Innovation-driven
1.全社会研发经费投入增长GrowthoftotalR&Dspending
2.每万人口高价值发明专利拥有量Numberofhigh-valuepatentsper10,000people
3.数字经济核心产业增加值占GDP比重Value-addedfromcoreindustriesindigitaleconomyasaproportionofGDP
民生福祉People’slivelihoodandwelfare
1.居民人均可支配收入增长Growthofpercapitadisposableincomeofresidents
2.城镇调查失业率Surveyedurbanunemploymentrate
3.劳动年龄人口平均受教育年限Averageschoolingyearsofworking-agepopulation
4.每千人口拥有执行(助理)医师数Numberofpracticingphysicians(physicianassistants)per1,000people
5.基本养老保险参保率Basicold-ageinsurancecoveragerate
6.每千人口拥有3岁以下婴幼儿托位数Nurserycapacityforchildrenunder3yearsper1,000people
7.人均预期寿命Averagelifeexpectancy
绿色生态Ecologicalconservation
1.单位GDP能源消耗降低ReductionofenergyconsumptionperunitofGDP
2.单位GDP二氧化碳排放降低ReductionofCO2emissionperunitofGDP
3.地级及以上城市空气质量优良天数比率Proportionofdayswithgoodairqualityincitiesatandaboveprefecturallevel
4.地表水达到或好于III类水体比例ProportionofsurfacewaterofGradeIIIorbetterquality
5.森林覆盖率Forestcoveragerate
安全保障Security&Safety
1.粮食综合生产能力Overallgrainoutput(100milliontons)
2.能源综合生产能力(亿吨标准煤)Overallenergyproductioncapacity(100milliontonsofstandardcoal)
(二)科技前沿领域攻关Tacklingkeyproblemsinfrontierscienceandtechnology
1.新一代人工智能Newgenerationofartificialintelligence
前沿基础理论突破,专用芯片研发,深度学习框架等开源算法平台构建,学习推理和决策、图像图形、语音视频、自然语言识别处理等领域创新。
Makebreakthroughsinadvancedbasictheories,researchanddevelopdedicatedchips,buildplatformsforopen-sourcealgorithmssuchasdeeplearningframework,innovateinlearningreasoninganddecision-making,imagesandgraphics,voiceandvideo,naturallanguagerecognitionandprocessing,andotherfields.
2.量子信息Quantuminformation
城域、城际、自由空间量子通信技术研发,通用量子计算原型机和实用化量子模拟机研制,量子精密测量技术突破。Researchanddevelopmetropolitan,intercity,andfreespacequantumcommunicationtechnology,researchandproducegeneralquantumcomputerprototypesandpracticalquantumsimulatorsandmakebreakthroughsinquantumprecisionmeasurementtechnology.
3.集成电路Integratedcircuits
集成电路设计工具、重点装备和高纯靶材等关键材料研发,集成电路先进工艺和绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)、微机电系统(MEMS)等特色工艺突破,先进存储技术升级,碳化硅、氮化镓等宽禁带半导体发展。Researchanddevelopintegratedcircuitdesigntools,keyequipment,andkeymaterialssuchashigh-puritytargets,makebreakthroughsinadvancedintegratedcircuittechnologyandcharacteristicprocessessuchasinsulatedgatebipolartransistor(IGBT)andmicroelectromechanicalsystem(MEMS),upgradeadvancedstoragetechnology,anddevelopwidebandgapsemiconductorssuchassiliconcarbideandgalliumnitride.
4.脑科学与类脑研究Brainscienceandbrain-likeintelligencetechnology
脑认知原理解析,脑介观神经联接图谱绘制,脑重大疾病机理与干预研究,儿童青少年脑智发育,类脑计算与脑机融合技术研发。
Analyzebraincognitionprinciples,mapthemesoscopicbrainconnectome,researchmechanismsandinterventionsformajorbraindiseasesandbrainintelligencedevelopmentofchildrenandadolescents,researchanddevelopbrain-likecomputingandbraincomputerfusiontechnology.
5.基因与生物技术Genesandbiotechnology
基因组学研究应用,遗传细胞和遗传育种、合成生物、生物药等技术创新,创新疫苗、体外诊断、抗体药物等研发,农作物、畜禽水产、农业微生物等重大新品种创制,生物安全关键技术研究。
Researchanddevelopgenomicsapplications,conducttechnologicalinnovationingeneticcellsandgeneticbreeding,syntheticbiologyandbiologicalmedicine,researchanddevelopinnovativevaccines,invitrodiagnosisandantibodydrugs,createnewmajorvarietiesofcrops,livestockandpoultry,aquaticproducts,andagriculturalmicroorganisms,andconductresearchonkeybiosafetytechnologies.
6.临床医学与健康Clinicalmedicineandhealth
癌症和心脑血管、呼吸、代谢性疾病等发病机制基础研究,主动健康干预技术研发,再生医学、微生物组、新型治疗等前沿技术研发,重大传染病、重大慢性非传染性疾病防治关键技术研究。
Conductbasicresearchonthepathogenesisofcancersandcardiovascular,cerebrovascular,respiratory,andmetabolicdiseases,conductR&Donactivehealthinterventiontechnologyandpioneeringtechnologiessuchasregenerativemedicine,microbiome,andnewtreatment,andconductresearchonkeytechnologiesforpreventionandtreatmentofmajorinfectiousdiseasesandmajorchronicnon-infectiousdiseases.
7.深空深地深海和极地探测Deepspace,deepearth,deepsea,andpolarexplorations
宇宙起源与演化、透视地球等基础科学研究,火星环绕、小行星巡视等星级探测,新一代重型运载火箭和重复使用航天运输系统、地球深部探测装备、深海运维保障和装备试验船、极地立体观监测平台和重型破冰船等研制,探月工程四期、蛟龙深海二期、雪龙探极二期建设。
Conductresearchontheoriginandevolutionoftheuniverse,deepearthandotherareasofbasicscienceandtechnology,makeinter-planetaryexplorationssuchastheMarsorbitandasteroidinspection,developanewgenerationofheavycarrierrocketsandreusablespacetransportationsystems,deepearthexplorationequipment,deepseaoperationandmaintenancesupportandequipmenttestships,three-dimensionalpolarobservationandmonitoringplatformsandheavyicebreakers,andpushaheadwiththelunarexplorationproject(PhaseIV),Jiaolongdeepseaproject(PhaseII),andXuelongpolarexplorationproject(PhaseII).