龙岩市2022年高中毕业班第一次教学质量检测
英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
例：Howmuchistheshirt
A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.
答案是C。
1.WhatdidthemandislikeabouthisvisittotheKings
A.Theatmosphere.B.TheKingsfamily.C.Thefood.
2.Wherearethespeakersgoingthisevening
A.Toabeach.B.Toagym.C.Toacinema.
3.Whenisthepopshowon
A.At8:30.B.At8:20.C.At7:30.
4.Whatdoesthemanmean
A.Muchspaceisneededforthetigers.
B.Thecagesinthecenteraretoosmall.
C.Thenumberoftigersisincreasingslowly.
5.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo
A.Typetheaddressonceagain.
B.Havethecomputerrepaired.
C.Visitatenniswebsitefordata.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers
A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Policemanandwitness.C.Husbandandwife.
7.Whatwerethefirefightersdoingwhenthemansawthefire
A.Takingpeopleout.B.Puttingoutthefire.C.Keepingpeopleaway.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.HowlongdidtheDreadfulDemonsmovieslast
A.For3hours.B.For6.5hours.C.For7hours.
9.WheredidthemanseeDreadfulDemons
A.Inacinema.B.Athishouse.C.Inhisschool.
10.Howdoesthewomangetpocketmoney
A.Byworkinginacinema.
B.Bydoinghouseworkathome.
C.Bycuttinggrassforherneighbors.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.Wherearethespeakers
A.Atthewoman’s.B.Atarestaurant.C.AtaTVstudio.
12.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo
A.Havesomesoup.B.Tellhertherecipe.C.Givethesalttoher.
13.Whatdoesthemanthinkofcomedyshows
A.Boring.B.Relaxing.C.Noisy.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout
A.Thetrainingplans.B.Thescheduleoftheday.C.Thewaystorelax.
15.Whendothespeakersdomorningprayers
A.From6:30to7:00.B.From6:00to6:30.C.From5:00to5:30.
16.Howdoesdancingamongthetreesaffectpeople
A.Itcanpuretheirsoul.
B.Itcanhelpthemforgettheirproblems.
C.Itcanteachthemtoexpressthemselves.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.WhatcanamemberoftheClubenjoy
A.Freedrinks.B.Discountstotickets.C.Somefreefood.
18.HowoftencanamembergetaClubmagazine
A.Onceaweek.B.Onceamonth.C.Onceaseason.
19.WhatisintheClubmagazine
A.Activitiesforclubmembers.
B.Informationonnewfilms.
C.Interviewswithlocalfans.
20.Whatshouldonedotojointheclub
A.Askforanapplicationform.
B.Buy6-monthmembershipfirst.
C.CallthehotlinebeforeSeptember15th.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
TheseChristmassyreadsaresuretokeepyoufeelingwarmandfuzzy（迷糊的）insideasthelongwinternightsdrawin.
Wintering:ThePowerofRestandRetreatinDifficultTimesbyKatherineMay
Maywritessadlyaboutherexperienceofherhusband’ssuddenillnessandhowthiseventcausedmajorlifeshifts,bothpersonallyandprofessionally.HerdescriptionsofstayingwiththeSamípeoplewhenvisitingTroms,ofseaswimminginthewinter,ofasolstice（冬至）spentatStonehenge,andthemakingofslow-cookedmealsprovidesreliefwhenreadingalongsidesuchhonestdescriptionsofherownperiodsofWintering.
TheChristmasChroniclesforMidwinterbyNigelSlater
NigelSlaterdescribeshimselfas“acookwhowrites”andthissensuallywrittenbookcontainsthebasicelementsofthefestiveseason:food,homesickness,andgenerosity.
Partmemoir（回忆录）,partrecipebookinterwovenwithmythandfolktale,Slatershareshisloveforwinterthroughhiswarmnarrativevoice.Ashesays,“Thesimpleactofmakingsomeonesomethingtoeat,evenabowlofsouporaloafofbread,hasamany-layeredmeaning.Itsuggestsanactofprotectionandcaring,ofgenerosityandacloseinterpersonalrelationship.”
HerculePoirot’sChristmasbyAgathaChristie
Iforonecannotresistagooddetectivenovel,especiallyonesetduringChristmas.OurbeloveddetectiveHerculePoirotischargedwithsolvingthebloodymurderofmultimillionaireSimeonLee,whichtakesplaceonChristmasEvefollowingafamilygathering.Christie’strademarkdilemmatakestheformofamurderinaroomlockedfromtheinside…
AsatisfyingreadfilledwithalltheelementsIlovemostaboutagoodVictoriandetectivenovel:astrikinglyold-fashionedvillage,amurder-mysterysetinacountryestate,andunreliablecharacters.
1.WhatsenseprobablyoccurstoareaderwhenreadingWintering
A.Sadness.B.Comfort.
C.Loneliness.D.Amazement.
2.HerculePoirot’sChristmasis_________.
A.setinamoderncityB.popularwithdetectives
C.concernedwithawealthypersonD.meantforChristmascelebrators
3.Whosereadmaybestconveythedeepnatureoffood
A.May.B.AgathaChristie.
C.NigelSlater.D.Thewriterofthistext.
【答案】1A2.C3.C
【解析】
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Wintering:ThePowerofRestandRetreatinDifficultTimesbyKatherineMay部分“Maywritessadlyaboutherexperienceofherhusband’ssuddenillnessandhowthiseventcausedmajorlifeshifts,bothpersonallyandprofessionally.（梅在书中悲伤地讲述了她丈夫突然生病的经历，以及这件事如何给她的个人生活和职业生活带来了重大改变）”可知，在Wintering一书中，作者悲伤地讲述了生活中遭受的变故，由此推知，读者在阅读时也会感受到作者的悲伤。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据HerculePoirot’sChristmasbyAgathaChristie部分“OurbeloveddetectiveHerculePoirotischargedwithsolvingthebloodymurderofmultimillionaireSimeonLee,whichtakesplaceonChristmasEvefollowingafamilygathering.（我们深爱的侦探赫尔克里·波洛肩负着侦破百万富翁西蒙·李谋杀案的任务，案件发生在圣诞夜的一次家庭聚会之后）”可知，在HerculePoirot’sChristmas一书中，百万富翁西蒙·李被谋杀了。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据TheChristmasChroniclesforMidwinterbyNigelSlater部分“NigelSlaterdescribeshimselfas“acookwhowrites”andthissensuallywrittenbookcontainsthebasicelementsofthefestiveseason:food,homesickness,andgenerosity.（奈杰尔·斯莱特称自己是一个会写作的厨师，这本感性的书包含了节日的基本元素:食物、思乡和慷慨）”和“Thesimpleactofmakingsomeonesomethingtoeat,evenabowlofsouporaloafofbread,hasamany-layeredmeaning.Itsuggestsanactofprotectionandcaring,ofgenerosityandacloseinterpersonalrelationship.（给某人做点吃的东西，哪怕是一碗汤或一块面包，都有着多层次的含义。它暗示着一种保护和关怀的行为，慷慨和亲密的人际关系）”可知，NigelSlater的书中揭示了食物的本质。故选C项。
B
AccordingtoGelb,althoughnoteveryoneisbornwiththegiftsandthecapacitiesofLeonardoDaVinci,itispossibleforanypersontousethefundamentalsofDaVinci’sapproachtolearningtoguideustowardtherealizationofourinnerDaVinci.Onetypicalfundamentaliscuriosity.Curiosityis“Thedesiretoknowisnaturaltogoodmen.”—LeonardoDaVinci
TheyoungLeonardolovedbeinginnature,showedanearlygiftfordrawingandwasfascinatedbymathematics.YoungLeonardo’sCuriosityregardingeducationandmathematicsespeciallyoftenraisedconstantunsurenessanddifficultiesfortheteacherswhotaughthimandcontinuouslyprovedthemtobewrong.Mostchildrenhaveinthemendlessamountsofcuriosityandsenseofwonder.Unfortunatelyformultiplereasonsthesequalitiesarelostaschildrenreachadulthood,notLeonardothough.Perhapsoneofhisgreatestcharacteristicswashiswillingnesstoquestionacceptedknowledge.Leonardo’sCuriosityneverfadedandfueledthelakeofhisgeniusforhisentirelife.Leonardo’smotiveswerenotmoney,womenorloyaltytoanychurchorperson.Hispursuitswerepure:thelongsearchforbeautyandaboveall:truth.
Leonardowouldwonderaroundaskingquestionshedidnothimselfyetunderstand.Healwayscarriedanotebookwithhimselfsothathecouldquicklywritedownhundredsofquestions,ideas,thoughts,impressionsandobservationsastheyoccurred.Hewasexpectantandreliantonlyuponhimselftoanswerhisownquestions.Beingmodest,hewasnotafraidtomakemistakesandappearfoolish.Leonardoacceptedthefeelingsofunfamiliarityandfoolishness.
Hisquestionsledhimtodesigningasnorkel（水下呼吸器）aswellasdivingequipmentandevenasubmarineandalsoinventingflyingmachinesandaparachute.Hiscuriositytookhimunderthewaterandintothesky.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“DaVinci”referto
A.Potential.B.Curiosity.
C.Honesty.D.Motive.
5.WhatwasmosttypicaloftheyoungLeonardo
A.Educatingkids.B.Seekingforlove.
C.Appreciatingnature.D.Questioninghisteachers.
6.WhatcanbelearnedaboutLeonardo’ssenseofcuriosityfromthetext
A.Itfooledhimself.
B.Itmadehimindependent.
C.Itinspiredhiswholelife.
D.Itdisappearedinhisadulthood.
7.WhichsayingcanbestreflectLeonardoDaVinci
A.Anidleyouth,aneedyage.
B.Firstcome,firstserved.
C.Stayhungry,stayfoolish.
D.Nothingventured,nothinggained.
【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.C
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“althoughnoteveryoneisbornwiththegiftsandthecapacitiesofLeonardoDaVinci,itispossibleforanypersontousethefundamentalsofDaVinci’sapproachtolearningtoguideustowardtherealizationofourinnerDaVinci.（虽然并不是每个人都具有列奥纳多·达·芬奇的天赋和能力，但任何人都可以利用达·芬奇学习方法的基本原理来引导我们实现内心的DaVinci）”中“noteveryoneisbornwiththegiftsandthecapacitiesofLeonardoDaVinci”和“usethefundamentalsofDaVinci’sapproachtolearningtoguideustowardtherealizationofourinnerDaVinci”可知，尽管并不是每个人都有像列奥纳多·达·芬奇一样的天赋和能力，但使用他的方法也能让自己成为“DaVinci”，即：方法恰当，也可激发潜能，成为达·芬奇一样的人，结合选项，划线词指代potential，指“潜力，潜能”。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“YoungLeonardo’sCuriosityregardingeducationandmathematicsespeciallyoftenraisedconstantunsurenessanddifficultiesfortheteacherswhotaughthimandcontinuouslyprovedthemtobewrong.（小列奥纳多对教育和数学的好奇经常给教他的老师带来不确定和困难，并不断证明他们是错的）”和“Perhapsoneofhisgreatestcharacteristicswashiswillingnesstoquestionacceptedknowledge.（也许他最大的特点之一是他愿意质疑公认的知识）”可推知，年轻的达芬奇最典型的特征是质疑他的老师。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Leonardo’sCuriosityneverfadedandfueledthelakeofhisgeniusforhisentirelife.（列奥纳多的好奇心从未减退，并一直助力他天才的一生）”可知，列奥纳多的好奇心从未减退，并一直激发着他的一生。故选C项。
【7题详解】
C
OftenwhenwethinkoftakingsometimeoutandhavingalittleR&R,theimagethatcomestomindisthatofbeingverystillwiththeaimofmovingaslittleaspossible.Rest,wehavecometolearn,meanssittingdown,puttingourfeetupandunburdeningourselves.
Thisisallgoodandwell,andasaworkingmotheroftwo,IcompletelyappreciatethephysicalexhaustionthatcomesfromstandingforliterallyhoursfollowedbythecoolwaveofreliefthatradiatesfromthesolesofmyfeetupwardswhenIfinallysitdown.Whatbetterwaytodothatthanadayspentdoingnothing
Sowhy,then,doIstillfindmyselfexhaustedintheeveningI’vedonehardlyanyphysicalactivityatall,andhowcanIpossiblybethistiredTheanswer,Irealized,isdowntothefactthatIwasn’tgettingenoughcognitiverest.Surfing,textingandansweringemails,engagingwithpeopleonline,thenewscycleandtheendlessworries,allofthiscantakeplacewhileapersonisfullycurleduponthesofainpajamas.Allthesethingsinhibitusfromreceivingenoughmentalrest.
IcaughtupwithCBTtherapistCharlotteLuscombewhosharedwithmetheimportanceofswitchingoffmentallyaswellasphysically.Sheexplains,“Wecanbephysicallystillandrestingbutthatdoesnotmeanourbodiesareinarelaxedstate.Ourmindscancontinuetoraceandcancauseanxietywhendoingso.”
AndwhatsuggestionsdoesCharlottehaveforbusy-mindedindividualslikeme“Activerest,”Shetellsme,“activitiesthathelpyoutoengageyourmindcanhelpyoutorelaxevenifyouarephysicallydoingsomething,asthisencouragescognitiverest.Theycanbeyoga,walking,reading,coloringetc.Evendoingsomethingactivewithyourmindengagedwillbemorerestfulthansittingdownbutworryingforhours.”
8.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout
A.Themannerofsitting.B.Thecommonsenseofrest.
C.Thedefinitionofastilllife.D.Thephysicaltiredness.
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inhibit”inParagraph3mean
A.Protect.B.Prevent.C.Separate.D.Save.
10.Howcanabusy-mindedpersonstaymorerelaxedaccordingtoCharlotte
A.Interactingonline.B.Doingnothingathome.
C.Focusingonreading.D.Goingtoatherapist.
11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext
A.HowtoCorrectlySitDownB.HowtoTimelyDealwithWorries
C.HowtoProperlyRestYourBrainD.HowtoFullyEngageYourMind
【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.C
【8题详解】
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Surfing,textingandansweringemails,engagingwithpeopleonline,thenewscycleandtheendlessworries,allofthiscantakeplacewhileapersonisfullycurleduponthesofainpajamas.Allthesethings”以及后文“usfromreceivingenoughmentalrest”可知，上网、发短信、回邮件、在网上与人交流、看新闻以及无休止的担忧，所有这些都可能发生在一个人穿着睡衣完全蜷缩在沙发上的时候，所有这些事情都阻止我们得到足够的精神休息。故画线词意思是“阻止”。A.Protect.保护；B.Prevent.阻止；C.Separate.分开；D.Save.拯救。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“AndwhatsuggestionsdoesCharlottehaveforbusy-mindedindividualslikeme“Activerest,”Shetellsme,“activitiesthathelpyoutoengageyourmindcanhelpyoutorelaxevenifyouarephysicallydoingsomething,asthisencouragescognitiverest.Theycanbeyoga,walking,reading,coloringetc.Evendoingsomethingactivewithyourmindengagedwillbemorerestfulthansittingdownbutworryingforhours.”（对于像我这样忙碌的人，夏洛特有什么建议吗“积极的休息，”她告诉我，“即使你在体力上做一些事情，帮助你投入大脑的活动也能帮助你放松，因为这能鼓励认知休息。它们可以是瑜伽、散步、阅读、涂色等。即使是脑力活动，也比坐着焦虑几个小时更能让人放松。”）”可知，一个忙碌的人可以专注阅读来放松。故选C。
【11题详解】
D
Youimproveyourrobot’ssoftwarebyimprovingitssoftware.AgrimGuptaofStanfordUniversity,however,begstodiffer.Hethinksyoucanalsoimprovearobot’ssoftwarebyimprovingitshardware.Heandhiscolleagueshaveinventedawayoftestingthisidea.
Theybroughttotheirrobots,unimals,theprinciplesofevolution（进化）bynaturalselection.Unimals,withglobesforheadsandsticksforarmsandlegs,aresoftwarebeingsinteractingwithavirtualenvironment.Theenvironmentswheretheywanderedwereinthreevarieties:flatgrounds,groundswithhillsandsteps,andonesthathadthecomplexitiesofthesecondsort,butwithaddedobjects.
Tobeginwith,theunimalswererandomlyassignedvariousshapes,butwithidenticalsoftware—derl.Newlycreatedunimalslearnedtofacethechallengesinavirtualbootcamp.Theywerethenenteredintotournamentsingroups.Eachgroupwinnerwasawardedonemutation（变异）—oneextraarmorleg,oroneextraturninginajoint.Thenewreplacedtheoldestunimalandthenwasassignedtoanewgroup,andtheprocessrepeated.About4,000varietiesofthemunderwenttraining.
Theteamweresurprisedbythediversityofshapesthatevolved.Crucially,though,theresearchersfoundthemostsuccessfulunimalslearnedtasksinhalfthetimetheiroldestancestorshadtaken,andthatthoseevolvinginthetoughestgroundswerethemostsuccessful.
Inthisevolutionofunimals’morphology（形态）topromotetheabilitytolearn,DrGuptaseesaversionofsomethingcalledtheBaldwineffect.In1896JamesBaldwin,apsychologist,arguedthatmindsevolvetomakethebestuseofthemorphologiesofthebodies.WhatDrGuptahasshown,thoughinsoftware,isthattheoppositecanalsobetrue—changesinbodymorphologycanimprovethewaymindswork.Eventhoughheheldthesoftwareconstant,itbecamemoreefficientatlearningastheunimals’bodiesevolved.
Whetherthatdiscoverycanbeturnedtoaccountinthewayrobotsaredevelopedremainstobeseen.Butthewayoftestingiscertainlyanout-of-the-boxidea.
12.Howwasthetestconducted
A.BypromotingUnimals’learning.B.Byadjustingtheenvironments.
C.Byprovingtheevolutiontheory.D.Bystimulatingunimals’mutation.
13.Whatturnedouttobesurprisinginthetest
A.Thenumberoftrainedunimals.B.Thedeclineintimeforlearningtasks.
C.Thevarietyofevolvedshapes.D.Thereplacementofoldunimals.
14.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetest
A.Mindevolutionaffectsbodyshaping.
B.Bodychangesbettermindwork.
C.Hardwarechangesdonotimpactsoftware.
D.Thediscoveryisusefulinrobotdevelopment.
15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetothefinding
A.Negative.B.Objective.
C.Indifferent.D.Approving.
【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.B
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Theybroughttotheirrobots,unimals,theprinciplesofevolution（进化）bynaturalselection.Unimals,withglobesforheadsandsticksforarmsandlegs,aresoftwarebeingsinteractingwithavirtualenvironment.Theenvironmentswheretheywanderedwereinthreevarieties:flatgrounds,groundswithhillsandsteps,andonesthathadthecomplexitiesofthesecondsort,butwithaddedobjects.（他们给他们的机器人，unimals，带来了自然选择的进化原则。Unimals的头是地球仪，四肢是棍子，它们是与虚拟环境互动的软件生物。它们漫游的环境有三种：平地，有山丘和台阶的地面，以及第二种复杂的环境，但添加了物品）”可知，通过调整环境，来进行试验。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Theteamweresurprisedbythediversityofshapesthatevolved.（研究小组对进化出的形状的多样性感到惊讶）”可知，测试中令人惊讶的是进化出的各种形状。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“WhatDrGuptahasshown,thoughinsoftware,isthattheoppositecanalsobetrue—changesinbodymorphologycanimprovethewaymindswork.（古普塔博士的研究表明，尽管是在软件上，相反的情况也可能是真的——身体形态的改变可以改善大脑的工作方式）”可推知，身体的变化使大脑工作得更好。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whetherthatdiscoverycanbeturnedtoaccountinthewayrobotsaredevelopedremainstobeseen.Butthewayoftestingiscertainlyanout-of-the-boxidea.（这一发现是否能在机器人开发中发挥作用还有待观察。但测试的方法确实是一个创新的想法）”可推知，作者对这一发现持客观的态度。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
EarninganMBAAbroad
AnyonewhohopestoleadaFortune500Firmsomedayshouldrealizethatahigh-profileleadershiprolewillprobablyrequireextensivetravelandteamworkwithcolleaguesfromallovertheworld.Anyambitiousbusinesspersonmaywishtoconsiderattendingabusinessschool（B-school）whereheorsheisneitheracitizennorapermanentresident.Whendecidingwhethertogotoabusinessgraduateprograminaforeigncountry,doacost-benefitanalysis.___16___
SellingPointsandDisadvantages
EarninganMBAoranothertypeofgraduatebusinessdegreeinaforeigncountrybearsvaluableadvantages.Onebigadvantageisthatyouwillbeabletolearnaboutnewcultures.___17___Italsoallowsyoutoexperiencedifferentworkingstylesandhowcertaincompaniesoperate,whichcanbebeneficialforfutureemployerswhowantemployeeswithglobalexperience.
___18___Internationalflightstoandfromaforeignschoolmaybeexpensive.Youmayfinditharderthantheyexpectedtogetvisas（签证）orworkpermitsforyourschoolingabroad,whichmeansyoumighthavetoleavethecountryabruptlywhenyougraduatewithoutmuchtimefortransmission.Youmayalsobeconcernedaboutculturaldifferencesinlearningstyles,studyhabits,andacademicstrictness.
OtherFactorstoConsider
WhencomparingMBAprogramsindifferentcountries,keepseveralregionaldistinctionsinmind.ThestandardinsomecountriesisforMBAdegreestobecompletedwithinasingleyear.___19___ThepriceofB-schoolinsomeareastendstobemoreexpensiveandstartingsalariesamongrecentMBAgraduatestendtobeespeciallyhighwithincertaincountries.
Nomatterwhereintheworldyou’dprefertopursueanMBA,it’swisetoinvestigateyourtargetB-school’scourseofferingstoassesswhetherthelessonstaughtatthatschoolseeminterestingandrelevanttoyou.___20___Inotherwords,thinkoverthelocationwhereyouintendtospendthemajorityofyourcareer.
A.Thiswillhelpinfutureworkopportunities.
B.Anotherconsiderationisyourfinaldestination.
C.Inotherplacesthetypicaltime-to-degreeistwoyears.
D.Admissionoddsmayvarydependingonthelocationoftheprograms.
E.Unfortunately,therearesomedownsidestopursuinganMBAoverseas.
F.HowemployersrecognizethevaluesofanMBAinfluencesjobopportunities.
G.HereisanoutlineoftheplusesandminusesassociatedwithgoingabroadforB-school.
【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.C20.B
【16题详解】
上文“Whendecidingwhethertogotoabusinessgraduateprograminaforeigncountry,doacost-benefitanalysis.（在决定是否去国外读商科研究生课程时，做一个成本效益分析）”讲去国外读商科研究生课程前需要做成本效益分析，G项“HereisanoutlineoftheplusesandminusesassociatedwithgoingabroadforB-school.（以下是出国读商学院的优缺点概述）”将“cost-benefitanalysis”内容具体化，承接上文，并引出下文“SellingPointsandDisadvantages（优点和缺点）”对去国外读商科研究生课程优缺点的分析，承上启下。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Italsoallowsyoutoexperiencedifferentworkingstylesandhowcertaincompaniesoperate,whichcanbebeneficialforfutureemployerswhowantemployeeswithglobalexperience.（它还可以让你体验不同的工作风格和某些公司的运作方式，这对未来想要拥有全球经验的员工的雇主来说是有益的）”中also可知，上文也是介绍出国读商学院的优点，A项“Thiswillhelpinfutureworkopportunities.（这将有助于未来的工作机会）”和上文“Onebigadvantageisthatyouwillbeabletolearnaboutnewcultures.（一个很大的优势是你将能够了解新的文化）”一起说明了出国读商学院的另一个优势：让你能了解新的文化，这有助于增加未来的工作机会，符合上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
【18题详解】
上一段介绍了出国读商学院的两个优势，结合下文“Internationalflightstoandfromaforeignschoolmaybeexpensive.Youmayfinditharderthantheyexpectedtogetvisas（签证）orworkpermitsforyourschoolingabroad（往返外国学校的国际航班可能很贵。你可能会发现在国外上学要获得签证或工作许可比他们预想的要难）”可知，本段分析了出国读商学院可能面临的问题，所以E项“Unfortunately,therearesomedownsidestopursuinganMBAoverseas.（不幸的是，在海外攻读MBA也有一些缺点）”是对本段段首中心句，且与上一段内容相照应。故选E项。
【19题详解】
【20题详解】
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
MalatLeuthWei,25,lovesbeinginthegym,flyingacrossthecourtinaspecializedwheelchair.Thegamesareincredibly___21___,withscreeching（刺耳的）tires,crashingmetalandtheimpressiveteamworkandcourageoftheathletes___22___.
WeiwasborninwhatisnowSouthSudanandhadpolio（小儿麻痹症）atage3.Worsestill,hisfatherwent___23___duringthecivilwarsleadingtothecountry’seventualindependencein2011.Duringthoseunsettledtimes,Weiandhismother___24___atacampinEthiopia,whereWeirememberscrawlingaroundonhisarmsondirtroadsbeforegettinga___25___.Whenhewas12,theymovedtoHouston.
Hehadatoughtime___26___intheUnitedStates.Itwasquitelateinhischildhoodtomakesuchahugemove,andhewas___27___insixthgradedespiteknowingverylittleEnglish.Somekidsmadefunofhim,butamore___28___groupintroducedhimtothe___29___thatwouldchangethedirectionofhislife.
Weiwenttotheparkwithallthechildreninthe___30___togoplaybasketballwiththem.Hewastheonlyone___31___fromawheelchair.Thefactthattheyactuallytreatedhimasequalandnotsomebody___32___turnedouttobewhereeverythingstarted.
Wei___33___everyopportunitytoplayandcompetewiththem.“Itmeanstheworldtomejusttosharemy___34___withtheworld,ofwhatIhaveaccomplishedinlife,fromwhereIcamefrom,with___35___,notknowinghowtoreadorwriteEnglish.”saysWei.
21.A.easyB.intenseC.complexD.close
22.A.invainB.instyleC.ondisplayD.online
23.A.missingB.fightingC.starvingD.begging
24.A.wanderedaboutB.turnedupC.endedupD.droppedby
25.A.shelterB.passportC.walking-stickD.wheelchair
26.A.trainingB.schoolingC.adjustingD.travelling
27.A.assignedB.appointedC.admittedD.ranked
28.A.inspiringB.interestingC.challengingD.accepting
29.A.legendB.mottoC.sportD.culture
30.A.neighborhoodB.campC.cityD.country
31.A.shootingB.risingC.chasingD.kicking
32.A.moreB.betterC.lessD.worse
33.A.losesB.treasuresC.desertsD.doubts
34.A.messageB.victoryC.emotionD.failure
35.A.everythingB.nothingC.anythingD.something
【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.C27.C28.A29.C30.A31.A32.D33.B34.A35.D
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比赛的激烈程度令人难以置信，轮胎发出刺耳的声音，金属碰撞，运动员们展现出令人印象深刻的团队合作和勇气。A.easy容易的；B.intense激烈的；C.complex复杂的；D.close近的。根据下文“withscreeching（刺耳的）tires,crashingmetal”可知，比赛很激烈的。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：比赛的激烈程度令人难以置信，轮胎发出刺耳的声音，金属碰撞，运动员们展现出令人印象深刻的团队合作和勇气。A.invain徒劳；B.instyle流行；C.ondisplay展出，展示；D.online在线。根据句中“theimpressiveteamworkandcourage”可知，团队合作和勇气在比赛中得到展示。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，他的父亲在2011年独立前的内战中失踪。A.missing丢失；B.fighting战斗；C.starving挨饿；D.begging乞讨。下文“Weiandhismother4atacampinEthiopia”没有提到他的父亲，由此推知，他的父亲在内战中失踪。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那些动荡不安的日子里，Wei和他的母亲住进了埃塞俄比亚的一个营地，Wei记得，在那里，在得到轮椅之前，他一直用胳膊在土路上爬行。A.wanderedabout闲逛；B.turnedup出现；C.endedup最后到了……；D.droppedby顺便拜访。根据上文“unsettledtimes”和下文“acampinEthiopia”可知，他和母亲流落到了埃塞俄比亚的营地。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那些动荡不安的日子里，Wei和他的母亲住进了埃塞俄比亚的一个营地，Wei记得，在那里，在得到轮椅之前，他一直用胳膊在土路上爬行。A.shelter遮蔽物；B.passport护照；C.walking-stick手杖；D.wheelchair轮椅。根据上文“crawlingaroundonhisarms”可知，在得到轮椅之前他只能在地上爬。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国，他适应生活方面经历了一段艰难的时期。A.training训练；B.schooling教育；C.adjusting适应；D.travelling旅行。根据下文“knowingverylittleEnglish”和“Somekidsmadefunofhim”可知，在适应美国生活上遇到困难。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：童年时期的这次搬家太迟了，尽管他对英语知之甚少，但他还是被录取到了六年级。A.assigned分派，分派；B.appointed任命；C.admitted接纳，接收；D.ranked把……分等级。根据句中“insixthgrade”可知，他被录到了六年级。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些孩子取笑他，但一个更鼓舞人心的团队将他带入了这项改变了他人生方向的运动。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.interesting有趣的；C.challenging富于挑战性的；D.accepting赞同的。根据上文“Somekidsmadefunofhim”和转折连词but可知，这个团队（group）没有取笑他，而是鼓励他参加篮球运动。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些孩子取笑他，但一个更鼓舞人心的团队将他带入了这项改变了他人生方向的运动。A.legend传说；B.motto座右铭；C.sport体育运动；D.culture文化。根据下文“Weiwenttotheparkwithallthechildreninthe10togoplaybasketballwiththem”可知，他被带入的是篮球这项运动。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wei和邻近街区的孩子们去公园和他们一起打篮球。A.neighborhood街区；B.camp营地；C.city城市；D.country国家。根据句中“wenttothepark”可知，他应该是和邻近街区的孩子们一起打球。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是唯一一个从轮椅上投球的人。A.shooting投（球）；B.rising上升；C.chasing追赶；D.kicking踢。根据上文“playbasketball”可知是投球。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们平等地对待他，而不把他视作更差的人，这一事实最终成为一切的开始。A.more更多的；B.better更好的；C.less更少的；D.worse更差的。根据句中“treatedhimasequal”可知，队友们并没有因为他残疾而把他看作更差的人。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Wei珍惜每一次与他们比赛的机会。A.loses遗失；B.treasures珍惜；C.deserts舍弃；D.doubts怀疑。根据下文“Itmeanstheworldtome”可知，他珍惜比赛的机会，这对他来说很重要。故选B项。
【34题详解】
【35题详解】
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinesetaikonauts,ZhaiZhigang,WangYaping,andYeGuangfu,conductedthesciencelecture400kilometersaboveEarth.TheyinteractedwithstudentsfromfiveclassroomsacrossChinaandshowedviewers___36___theyliveandworkinsidethespacestation.
When___37___（reply）toaHongKongstudent’squestionaboutwater,Wangexplainedthatthewatertheydrink___38___（recycle）,notingthatthereisnodifferenceintaste___39___regularwaterandrecycledwaterandeverydropofwaterismadefulluseofthere.Inanexperiment,shecreatedawaterfilmusingametalringandabag___40___（fill）withwater.Thensheplacedonthewaterfilmapaperflowerbud（花蕾）preparedbyherdaughterandherbeforethejourney.Thebudturnedaround___41___（magical）onthefilmand“blossomed.”
Zhai___42___（introduce）the“penguinjumpsuit”Yewaswearingduringtheclass.Thesuithasmultipleflexiblebandsinsidetohelptheastronautsmaintaintheirmuscle___43___（strong）.
Yedemonstratedexperimentsrelatedtocellgrowthinthe___44___（weight）environmentinspace.Theycompared___45___growthandshapeofcellsinartificialgravityandzero-gravitytostudytheirchangingrulesandmechanisms.
【答案】36.how
37.replying
38.isrecycled
39.between
40.filled41.magically
42.introduced
43.strength
44.weightless
45.the
【36题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：他们与来自中国五个教室的学生进行了互动并向观众们展示他们是如何在太空站生活与工作的。分析句子结构可知，“_____theyliveandworkinsidethespacestation.”作动词showed（展示）的宾语，是宾语从句，结合句意分析从句结构，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用连接副词how来引导。故填how。
【37题详解】
【38题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：对于香港学生提出的有关水的问题，他解释说：“他们喝的水是循环利用的。普通水和循环利用水的味道没有区别，而且每一滴水都得到了充分利用。”。分析句子可知，recycle（循环利用）是宾语从句中谓语动词，与主语thewater之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语thewater是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填isrecycled。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：对于香港学生提出的有关水的问题，他解释说：“他们喝的水是循环利用的。普通水和循环利用水的味道没有区别，而且每一滴水都得到了充分利用。”。between...and...为固定搭配，意为“……与……之间”。故填between。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在一次实验中，她用一个金属环和一个装满水的袋子制作了一种水膜。分析句子可知，fill（装满）作后置定语修饰名词bag，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语bag之间是被动关系，且“装满水”这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词，表示被动和完成。故填filled。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：花蕾在胶片上神奇地转了个身，开花了。根据句意可知，提示词修饰动词短语turnedaround，应用副词形式magically，意“神奇地”。故填magically。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：翟老师介绍了叶老师上课时穿的企鹅连体衣。分析句子可知，introduce（介绍）是句中谓语动词，与主语Zhai之间是主动关系，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填introduced。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：宇航服内部有多个可弯曲的带，以帮助宇航员保持他们的肌肉强度。根据句意和空格前形容词性物主代词their可知，应填入名词strength构成名词词组musclestrength作宾语，意为“肌肉强度”。故填strength。
【44题详解】
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们比较了人工重力和零重力条件下细胞的生长和形状，以研究它们的变化规律和机制。句中指人工重力和零重力条件下细胞的“生长和形状”，特指，用定冠词the限定。故填the。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.你校英语报Endeavor正打算招聘新成员，请你以报社的名义用英文写一则招聘启事，内容如下：
1.启事目的；
2.应聘条件；
3.报名方式和截止日期。
注意：1.词数80词左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
NewMembersWanted
【答案】NewMembersWanted
Ourschoolnewspaper,Endeavor,isingreatneedofnewmembers.Thejobmainlyincludestwoparts.OneistochooseEnglisharticleswhicharesuitableforthestudentsfromothernewspapers,EnglishmagazinesandtheInternet.Theotheristopickoutarticlesfromourstudentsandeditthemforuse.
Ifyouwanttoapplyforthejob,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements.First,youarewillingtodevotesomeofyoursparetimetoservingthestudents.Second,it’snecessaryforyoutobegoodatbothEnglishandart.Meanwhile,youshouldbeabletousethecomputerskillfully.
Thosewhoareinterestedinthejob,pleasesendyourresumetoEndeavor@foxmail.combeforeFriday.Thanks.
EndeavorEditorialBoard
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以校英语报社的名义用英文写一则招聘启事。
【详解】1.词汇积累
急需：ingreatneedof→ingreatdemandof
选择，挑选：choose→select
符合：meet→satisfy
必要的，必需的：necessary→essential
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Second,it’snecessaryforyoutobegoodatbothEnglishandart.
拓展句：Second,beinggoodatbothEnglishandartisnecessaryforyou.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Ifyouwanttoapplyforthejob,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]Thosewhoareinterestedinthejob,pleasesendyourresumetoEndeavor@foxmail.combeforeFriday.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It’sabeautifulsunnyday.TheBondsboardedtheirboatforacarefreedaytriptoDoveIslandforsomefishingasafamilycustom.ThomasBond,a30-year-oldconstructionworker,lovedthesport,especiallycatchingbass（鲈鱼）andhadimpressedonhisoldestdaughter,Lizzy,aloveoftheoutdoors,teachingherhowtobait（下诱饵）ahookandcastalineandbravethewaves.
Thefamilyspentthedayfishinginthevastocean,andthenlefttheislandintheearlyevening.Uponsettingofffromtheshore,theyfoundthickfogrollingin.Lizzyfellintoalightsleepbesideherfive-year-oldsister,Molly,atatableontheboat’slowerdeck（甲板）.Theirfather’ssharporderswokeherup:“Getoutoftheboat.Theboat’ssinking!”Lizzypushedhersisterintothecold,darkwater.Bothgirlsworelifejackets.Theadultsdidnot.Thegirlswerefollowedbytheirmother,PetraBond,whowasexpectingababyatthattime.Withinseconds,theboatwasdamagedandwasleftjustthetipofitsbowintheair.
Lookingintothefacesofherfather,mother,andsister,Lizzywasn’tfrightened.Aftersometime,herfathertoldthemhewouldswimforhelp.“I’llbeback,”hesaidbeforedisappearingintothedarkness.
“Dadislikethesuperherotome.Ibelievehewillgethelptorescueus,”Lizzysaidtoherself.Aftersometime,hermotherbecamequietandstoppedswimming.Lizzywrappedaropearoundhermother’schestandtiedhertotheboatsoshewouldn’tfloataway.Thenhersisterfellquiettooandshestayedbesideher.
Tokeepherselfawake,Lizzydaydreamedaboutwhattheywoulddoaftertheywererescued.Theywouldstayinahotel,orderroomservice,andliecomfortablyundertheblanketsinbed,cozyandwarm.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Afterseveralhours,Lizzyheardhernamecalledinthedistance.
Onthecoast,anambulancewaswaitingforthem.
【答案】Afterseveralhours,Lizzyheardhernamecalledinthedistance.“It’sdad.”Lizzycalledoutandbegantoshakehersleepymotherandsister.Motheropenedhereyesandsqueezedoutafaintsmileandfellasleepagain.Throughthethickfog,awhitesmallboatslidingclose.Lizzycriedout,“Dad,here”,withtearsrollingdownherface.Finally,DadgotthreeofthemintotheboatwhereLizzyfinallyclosedhereyes,exhaustedandrelieved.Sheknewtheywererescued.
Onthecoast,anambulancewaswaitingforthem.Withthehelpofthenurses,theyallgotin.Wrappedinawarmblanket,Lizzysitbesideherfamily,lookingathermomonthebed.Suddenly,Lizzyturnedtoherfatherandsaid,“Iknewyouwouldbeback,Dad.”“Iknewyouwouldkeepmotherandsistersafe”,herfatherhuggedher.Tearsrolleddowntheirfaces.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lizzy和妹妹跟随爸爸妈妈出海钓鱼，遭遇沉船落水，爸爸留下Lizzy照顾妈妈和妹妹，自己游去寻求救援，妈妈的妹妹体力不支快失去意识，只有Lizzy坚持着保护着她们，等待爸爸归来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几个小时后，利奇听到远处有人叫她的名字。”可知，第一段可描写爸爸归来，三人获救。
②由第二段首句内容“在海岸上，一辆救护车正等着他们”可知，第二段可描写获救后利齐与爸爸的对话。
2.续写线索：爸爸归来——三人获救——得到救助——父女对话
3.词汇激活
行为类
①大喊：cryout/yell/scream
②营救：rescue/save
③在……的帮助下：withthehelpof/withtheaidof
情绪类
①疲倦的：exhausted/tired
【点睛】[高分句型1]Finally,DadgotthreeofthemintotheboatwhereLizzyfinallyclosedhereyes,exhaustedandrelieved.（运用了where引导定语从句和形容词作状语）
[高分句型2]Sheknewtheywererescued.（运用了省略连词的宾语从句）
[高分句型3]Wrappedinawarmblanket,Lizzysitbesideherfamily,lookingathermomonthebed.（运用了过去分词和现在分词作状语）