高考英语核按钮专题解读与训练/青于蓝考试研究院编.—广州:广东经济出版社
2023.9
ISBN978-7-5454-8508-0
Ⅰ.①高Ⅱ.①青Ⅲ.①英语课-高中-升学参考资料
Ⅳ.①G634.413
中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字(2022)第187365号
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高考英语核按钮专题解读与训练
GAOKAOYINGYUHEANNIUZHUANTIJIEDUYUXUNLIAN
出版发行:广东经济出版社(广州市环市东路水荫路11号11~12楼)
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版次:2023年9月第1版印次:2023年9月第1次
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随着新一轮高中英语课程和高考招生制度的改革高考英语试题也在发生变化从知
识立意、能力立意转变到问题立意从重知识、重能力转变到重学科素养试题强化关键能
力考查加强批判性思维和辨证思维考查进一步体现了高考选拔人才的标准:扎实的学科
基础知识良好的思维素质批判意识和实践技能
青于蓝考试研究院针对当前高考的新形势和新变化汇集了全国各地高考英语研究专
家和教学一线的特、高级英语教师的研究成果与教学经验精心编写了高考英语核按钮专
题解读与训练本书具有以下特点:
一、题型解读探研命题规律把握命题导向提升学科素养
本书依照全国卷题型从课标解读、命题特点等方面分门别类地对各题型的命题规律
和考查重点进行了探讨和解析力图从题目设计要求、答题技巧、方法点拨等方面以发散思
维的形式对考生进行指导着眼于开拓考生思维提升考生学科素养使考生在对试题的
分析领会中不断提高对全国卷英语题型的理解和对考查重点的把握
二、分类训练强化思维意识理清解题思路提高解题能力
本书对全国卷英语题型进行分解转化化复杂为简单化抽象为具体按照高考考点的
分布来设计“定时、定量”的训练题力求做到“难题分解各个击破陈题新解推陈出新”
有利于培养和发展考生思维的条理性、缜密性提高考生分析问题和解决问题的能力
三、题型精练锤炼语用能力遵循规律有效训练增强应试能力
本书题型精练部分按照英语学科核心素养的四个方面“语言能力、文化品格、思维品
质、学习素养”来设计试题优化情境设计增强试题开放性和灵活性突出考查考生对语用
知识和情景的理解能力以及对语篇逻辑结构的掌握该部分注重思维品质培养重视锻
炼考生处理信息的能力和解决问题的能力按照实战的要求来帮助考生提高应试能力
四、答案解析点拨解题思路提示误区和盲点查漏补缺
本书所附的“参考答案”简明扼要指点迷津精析思路引导考生自主学习有效帮助
考生查漏补缺开拓思维提升语言综合运用能力
本书全方位指导考法、用法和练法能成为广大考生复习备考中的向导和航标同时
本书将高考题型分类讲解和专题原创精练有机结合是考生强化训练、快速提升学科素养
和思维水平的最佳选择
愿我们的倾情之作助广大考生圆梦高考金榜题名!
编者
题型解读1
“四选一”阅读理解1
考点一细节理解题3
考点二推理判断题8
考点三词义猜测题15
考点四主旨大意题19
“七选五”阅读理解24
题型精练29
第一练29
第二练34
第三练39
第四练44
第五练49
第六练54
题型解读60
题型精练67
第一练67
第二练89
第三练92
题型解读95
分类训练114
第一节冠词114
第二节连词116
第三节介词118
第四节代词120
第五节形容词和副词122
第六节词性转换124
第七节谓语动词127
第八节非谓语动词130
题型精练135
题型解读145
分类训练158
第一节冠词158
第二节连词160
第三节介词162
第四节名词164
第五节代词165
第六节形容词和副词167
第七节谓语动词170
第八节非谓语动词173
题型精练177
题型解读183
题型精练204
参考答案221~258
学1
专
题
解
读
一
阅
理
专题解读一阅读理解
“四选一”阅读理解
阅读是我国考生学习和使用外语的最主
要途径因此“四选一”阅读理解在试卷中占权
重较大该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日
常生活话题的简短文字材料例如公告、说明、
1.理解主旨要义
题)亦会了解作者希望读者了解该主题的哪
字里行间进行归纳和概括这类试题主要考
的归纳、概括能力有一定的要求
2.理解文中具体信息
量细节信息的支持这些细节信息对于理解全
心思想的基础命题人员往往会要求考生根
息或准确地寻找所需的细节这类试题有时
比较直接理解字面意思即可答题有时则较
为间接需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题
3.根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义
含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意
思其含义随不同的语境会有所不同能根据
上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义才算是真正
初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力因此阅读
下文来推断生词含义这是一个合格的读者必
须具备的能力也是阅读测试中经常检测的一
种能力
4.根据所读内容作出判断和推理
所要传达的信息在实际的阅读活动中常常
理或推测作者未明确提到的事实或某事件发
展的趋势等
想主题句可能在一段的开头也可能在中间
或末尾作用是交代该段的中心思想然后全
段围绕该中心展开描述或讨论各个段落通
常由某些起连接作用的词或句连接以使行文
2学
高
考
英
语
核
按
钮
与
训
练
必须把握住全篇的基本结构厘清上下文的衔
接关系即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系
6.理解作者的意图、观点和态度
向读者传递某个信息或是愉悦读者或是讲
授某个道理这些信息通常并不是明确表达
领会作者的言外之意
在高考英语试卷中“四选一”阅读理解
属于第二部分的第一节共15小题每小题
2分要求考生根据所提供的4篇短文内容
(不少于900词)从每题所给的4个选项中
选出最佳选项主要测试考生阅读理解书面英
语的能力
2022—2023年高考英语“四选一”阅读理解考查情况一览表
卷别顺序体裁题材题型题量/道
总用词量/词
(文长+题长)
2023年
新课标
Ⅰ卷
A应用文MacBike公司的自行车租赁和有导游的观光业务
B记叙文
JohnTodd被大自然的自净能力折服之后发明了
“生态设计”解决污水净化问题
C说明文介绍一本讲述数字极简主义的书
D议论文探讨群体智慧
细节题———5
推断题———8
主旨题———1
词义题———1
1551=1188+
363
Ⅱ卷
A应用文美国黄石国家公园的四个护林员项目
B记叙文介绍学校菜园项目UrbanSprouts
C说明文介绍阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术这本书及其启示
D说明文与大自然互动对人类健康的重要性
细节题———8
推断题———5
1577=1159+
418
全国
甲卷
A应用文曼谷的四个知名饭店
B记叙文善于自己动手的TerriBoltonis
C说明文介绍哲学著作苏格拉底快车
D说明文美国灰熊的生存环境和状况
推断题———6
主旨题———0
1599=1178+
421
乙卷
A应用文历史上四位医生的非凡经历
B记叙文一位摄影师积极上进的工作态度和生活方式
C说明文烹饪节目改变了英国人的饮食习惯
D说明文通过结合文字记录和实物来考证历史
细节题———6
推断题———7
1528=1140+
388
2022年
新高考
A应用文课程评分规则
B议论文减少食物浪费
C新闻报道关爱养老院老人的养鸡项目
D说明文人类语音的演变与人类饮食变化之间的关系
细节题———9
推断题———4
1608=1184+
424
作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物孙子却以为是平板
电脑
C说明文
使用短信监控器技术来监控司机在开车的时候是
否使用了手机
D说明文锻炼对于心脏的好处
推断题———3
词义题———2
1590=1178+
412
学3
续表
全国甲卷
A应用文介绍英国加的夫市艺术剧院
B说明文一种凤头鹦鹉能识别物体形状
C记叙文GinniBazlinton的南极洲之旅
D议论文悉尼发展面临的问题
推断题———2
主旨题———3
1580=1167+
413
全国乙卷
B书评介绍DorothyWickenden写的一本书
C说明文无人机在铁路运营中的应用
D说明文英国对饮料征收含糖税
细节题———10
1539=1138+
401
基于上表不难看出近几年全国卷的阅读
理解具有以下命题特征:
的思想性和教育性
语言是知识与文化的载体也是思维方式
的体现近几年高考英语试题的所有语篇和
材料围绕人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大
主题题材涉及故事、科普、人文、社会现象、文
化活动等体裁包括记叙文、说明文、应用文
等试题内容丰富、时代感强充分体现了高
考的思想性和教育性
人类命运共同体
2022—2023两年的高考卷阅读中有探讨
群体智慧、美国灰熊的生存环境和状况、与大
自然互动对人类健康的重要性等话题来设置
人与社会、自然的关系领会和谐发展之道
3.凸显对思维品质的考查阅读要“读得
准”“读得深”
课程标准明确提出思维品质是英语学科
四大核心素养之一高考英语阅读理解语篇涉
及人与自我、人与社会和人与自然三大主题语
境这些试题类型不同但都有一个共同指向
即深入考查考生的思维品质重点考查考生分
析、概括、推理、归纳等逻辑思维能力高考命题
强调“强化语篇概念突出语篇结构厘清语篇逻
辑”在逻辑性、批判性、创造性等方面考查学生信
息处理能力检测学生是否“读得准”“读得深”
考点一细节理解题
细节理解题在高考“四选一”阅读理解中
段落的某些特定细节或重要事实的理解能力
它一般包括可在文中找到明确答案的直接信
息题以及需要将有关信息进行整合加工的
题如:排序、计算、比较等
1.常见设题方式
Whatcanweknowfromthistext
Accordingtothetextwho/where/when/
howmuch...
Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthe
text
4学
Whatistheexampleof...asdescribedin
thetext
Whatisthereasonfor...
Whatdo/canweknowabout...
2.题目选项特点
正确选项一般与原文直接对应或在原文
基础上进行改造改造的常用方法就是同义
词替换或释义即将文中语言(词汇和结构)改
头换面来表达相同的意思
干扰选项的设置有如下几种常用方法:
(1)无中生有:凭空捏造原文不存在的细
节以迷惑和干扰考生答题
(2)常识干扰:干扰项是一些基本常识或
我们对社会、生活问题的一般认识虽然符合
(3)偷梁换柱:干扰项是原文信息但不是
题目要求的内容干扰项与原文的内容极其相
似只是在程度上有略微变动干扰项在意思
上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反
3.解题策略
一般来说细节理解题通常具有以下特
点:对应性、准确性、区分性和完整性所以在
解答该类题目时首先应从问题中找到关键
词然后以此为线索运用略读和寻读的技巧
仔细阅读这部分内容分析比较所给选项与文
中细节的异同将所设问题的信息与原文中的
最后在准确理解细节的前提下选出最佳答
案另外解题要忠实于原文及全篇的逻辑关
系决不能主观臆断同时要注意逐项排除选
项中的干扰信息将“无此细节”和“与此细节
相反”的选项排除
下面针对常考题型列举相应题例作出分析:
(1)直接信息题
解答细节理解的直接信息题时由于其普
遍较容易不必通篇细读一般是先通过题干
信息来选定关键词关键词主要是题干中的
名词、动词和数词即问题的核心信息在题
中找出关键词后再运用略读及寻读的技巧快
例12023年新课标Ⅰ卷A篇
BikeRental&GuidedTours
WelcometoAmsterdamwelcometo
MacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofa
bike!Cyclingisthemosteconomicalsustain ̄
ableandfunwaytoexplorethecitywithits
beautifulcanalsparkssquaresandcountless
lights.Youcanalsobikealonglovelylandscapes
outsideofAmsterdam.
WhyMacBike
MacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30
yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalcompanyin
Amsterdam.Withover2500bikesstoredinour
fiverentalshopsatstrategiclocationswemake
surethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.We
offerthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety
includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(刹车)
bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排挡)bikes
withchildseatsandchildrensbikes.
Prices
HandBrake
ThreeGears
FootBrake
NoGears
1hour7.505.00
3hours11.007.50
1day(24hours)14.759.75
Eachadditionalday8.006.00
GuidedCityTours
The2.5 ̄hourtourcoverstheGooyerWind ̄
milltheSkinnyBridgetheRijksmuseum
HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.Thetour
departsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour
startingat1:00pmeveryday.Youcanbuyyour
学5
ticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.
21.WhatisanadvantageofMacBike
A.Itgiveschildrenadiscount.
B.Itoffersmanytypesofbikes.
C.Itorganizesfreecycletours.
D.Ithasover2500rentalshops.
22.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewith
handbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays
A.15.75.B.19.50.
C.22.75.D.29.50.
23.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart
A.TheGooyerWindmill.
B.TheSkinnyBridge.
C.HeinekenBrewery.
D.DamSquare.
可知MacBike提供种类繁多的最新型自行车
包括带脚刹的基本自行车、带手刹和排挡的自
行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车故
MacBike的优势是提供许多类型的自行车
22.C根据定价表内容可知租一辆带手
刹的三档自行车一天需要14.75欧元额外增
加天数每天收8欧元所以租一辆带手刹的三
档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元
光团每小时整点从大坝广场出发从每天下午1
点开始故有导游的城市观光从大坝广场开始
(2)间接信息题
考查细节理解的间接信息题时正确选项一
般都会在原文基础上进行改造因此在做此类细
节理解题时首先要根据所找信息分析选项对比
其中所用词汇懂得变通避免误选答案
例22023年新课标Ⅱ卷B篇
Jaramillosstudentsliveinneighborhoods
wherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasyto
findandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocery
stores.“Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwith
bagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks”
shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetables
areawfuldirtisawfulinsectsareawful.”
Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsects
andturnedoffbythedirtmostareeagertotry
somethingnew.
25.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthe
startoftheprogram
A.Thekidsparentsdistrustedher.
B.Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.
C.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork.
D.Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens.
C根据本段最后两句可知孩子
们来找Jaramillo他们认为蔬菜很讨厌泥土很
糟糕昆虫也很可怕虽然有些人一开始害怕
昆虫厌烦泥土但大多数人都渴望尝试新的
东西由此可知Jaramillo在项目之初面临的
一个问题是一些孩子不喜欢干菜园的活儿
例32023年全国甲卷B篇
Shecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfather
andbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix
Terrinow26accompaniedDerektoworkdur ̄
ingherschoolholidays.Adaysworkwasrewar ̄
dedwith£5inpocketmoney.Shesays:“Im
sureIwasntmuchofahelptostartwith.But
whenDerekbuiltourfamilyhouseabouteight
yearsagoIwasheavilyinvolved(参与)paint ̄
ingtheroomsandputtingdowntheflooring
throughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksanditwas
backbreakingworkbutIknowhewasproudof
myskills.”
25.WhydidTerrisgrandfathergiveher£5a
day
A.Forabirthdaygift.
B.Asatreatforherwork.
6学
C.TosupportherDIYprojects.
D.Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.
B根据本段第二、三句可知现年
26岁的Terri自6岁起就在学校放假期间陪
Derek去上班工作一天会得到5英镑零花钱
的奖励由此可知Terri的祖父每天给她5英
镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励
例42021年全国乙卷C篇
Youveheardthatplasticispollutingthe
oceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnes
enteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesone
plasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference
ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknow
thatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutof
plasticgarbageforcingviewerstore ̄examine
theirrelationshiptosingle ̄useplasticproducts.
28.WhatareVonWongsartworksintended
for
A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.
B.Introducingeco ̄friendlyproducts.
C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.
D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.
C根据本段最后一句可知Ben ̄
jaminVonWong用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑
是想让观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品
A
Volunteeringisagreatwaytodevelopnew
skillsgainexperienceandconnectwithothers.
Ifyouareinterestedinvolunteeringhereare
somerecommendedopportunities.
InvasiveSpeciesManagement
PlacenciaBelize
Makeadifferencebyremovinglion ̄fish
aninvasivespeciesdestroyingreefecosystemsof
theCaribbean.Learntodivewhileremoving
lion ̄fish.Eachweek/daywilldifferbutyouwill
beparticipatinginthefollowingareas:Removing
InvasiveLion ̄fishWhaleSharkObservation(if
spotted)BiodiversityIdentificationDiveand
BeachClean ̄ups.
MarineResearchExpedition
TyrrhenianSeaItaly
Youwilljoinaninternationalcrewaboarda
sailboattoworkfortheprotectionofourseas.
Andyouwilllearntocollectdataorganizeand
enjoytheseaatitsbest!Experiencethesailing
lifeinoneoftheworldsbestspotsforwater
sports.GainexperienceinMarineResearchin
thefield(underwater).Getcloseuptodolphins
andwhalesinthewild.
WildlifeSupporter
PortElizabethSouthAfrica
VolunteerataGameReservethathoststhe
Big5andsupportthelocalstaffinmonitoring
theanimals.WorkupclosewiththefamousBig
5!Joinourreservefororphanedandinjurednon ̄
dangerousanimals.Makeadifferenceinthe
rescuerehabilitation(康复)andreleaseof
wildlifegivingthemasecondchanceatbeing
freeandwildagain.
ClimateandEnvironmentalistSupporter
HangaRoaChile
BeavolunteerontheamazingEasterIsland
inthemiddleofthePacificOceanandget
involvedinclimateandnatureprotection.
Responsibilitiesincludeteamworkintheclimate
protectionprogramcollectionofplantseeds
controlofseedsettlementontheplantation
conservationofnativeseedsandplantsand
reforestationwork.
学7
1.Whatactivitywillvolunteersdodepending
ongoodluck
A.Cleandolphinsstuckonthebeach.
B.Diveunderwatertoseelion ̄fish.
C.Collectdataonamarineanimal.
D.Monitorwhalesharkscarefully.
2.WhatisTyrrhenianSeafamousfor
A.Itsperfectplaceforsailing.
B.Itsmarinelifeindeepwater.
C.Itswilddolphinsandwhales.
D.Itsbestspotformarineresearches.
3.Whichactivityissuitableforvolunteers
withmedicalexperiences
A.WildlifeSupporter.
B.MarineResearchExpedition.
C.InvasiveSpeciesManagement.
D.ClimateandEnvironmentalistSupporter.
B
(原创预测)“Why”Itsasimplequestion
thatpeopleaskAngelaMadelinefrequently.
Afterallshebeganajourneythatveryfew
peoplewouldeverattempt:towalkaroundthe
worldalone.
Madelinesthoughtofthejourneydidnot
startfromaplaceoflossorpersonalcrisis.She
said“Iwassearchingforadeeperinteraction
withnatureandpeople.”Walkingwould
minimizehercarbonfootprintplustheslow
pacemeantthatshecouldfullyimmerseherself
innatureandgaininsightsintootherculturesin
auniqueway.
SheleftherhometownofBendOregon
on2May2016andheadedintotheadventure.
AlongthewayMadelinewouldsufferfrom
heatstroke(中暑)intheAustraliandesertand
heargunshotswhilecampinginTurkey.“Still”
shesaid“IdidntstopbecauseIwasmore
afraidofnotfollowingmyheartthanIwasafraid
oflosingeverythingIownedandloved.”
Apartfromthatherslowpaceallowedher
tobedrawndeeplyintoothercultures.She
wanderedthetinyseasidevillagesalongItalys
TyrrhenianSeaenjoyingthelivelyatmosphere.
InVietnamanelderlywomaninvitedhertorest
inherwoodenshack(棚屋)atthepeakforthe
nightandofferedherfood.Shechosean
experienceofuncertaintyandcuriosityinsearch
ofsomethingshecouldneverbecertaintofind:
asenseoffulfillmentandadeeperconnection.
On16December2022Madelinestravel
endedrightwhereitstarted.Fornowshes
workingonabookplanningfuturejourneysand
creatingmoreeffectivewaysforwomentofind
andexpresscourageintheirlives.
Whetherawalkleadshalfwayaroundthe
worldorjustdowntheroadMadelinehas
shownthetrueworthofslowingdownand
givingmorethanwereceivealongtheway.
1.WhatmotivatedMadelinetosetoffonher
journey
A.Shehadadesiretogobeyondsurface ̄
levelinteractionswithnatureandpeople.
B.Shehadadesiretogiveherselfabig
challengeandbeafamouscelebrity.
C.Shehadadesiretogetawayfroma
personalcrisis.
D.Shehadadesiretogathermaterialforher
writing.
2.WhydidMadelinechoosetowalkaround
theworldinsteadofusingothermodesof
transportation
A.Shewantedtochallengeherselfphysically.
8学
B.Shewantedtominimizehercarbon
footprint.
C.Shewantedtosavemoneyasfaras
possible.
D.Shewantedtocatchpeopleseyeswhile
travelling.
3.WhatdidMadelinehopetofindduringher
A.Newandexcitingexperiences.
B.Abetterunderstandingofherself.
C.Personalgrowthandself ̄confidence.
D.Asenseoffulfillmentandadeeper
connection.
4.WheredidMadelinefinishherjourney
A.Atanelderlywomanswoodenshackat
thepeakinVietnam.
B.InatinyseasidevillagealongItalys
TyrrhenianSea.
C.InherhometownofBendOregonintheU.S.
D.RightinthemiddleofanAustraliandesert.
考点二推理判断题
推理判断题是指在理解原文字面意义的
基础上分析语篇逻辑关系或根据文中细节暗
或隐含意义推理判断题属于主观性较强的
高层次阅读理解题做这类题时考生应在理
发运用逻辑思维同时借助一定的常识进行
分析、推理和判断推理判断题常从逻辑推理、
知识推理等角度考查问题题干中常含有表示
“表明、暗示、推论”的词汇如inferimplysug ̄
gestconcludelearnintendmeanshow等
有时提问中含有表示推测的情态动词如can
couldmightwould等和其他表示可能性的词
如probablymostlikelyseem等
Whatcanweconcludefromthistext
Whatcanweinferfromthetext
Wherecanyoureadthistext
Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthetext
Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthefirstpara ̄
graphmostprobablyimply
Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussin
theparagraphthatfollows
Whatstheauthorsattitudetowards/to...
正确选项不是文中直接或明确说明的内
还需符合逻辑让考生有推敲的余地另外
正确选项大多含义深刻不是常识选项
干扰选项要么夸大事实在一定程度上夸
大了原文中的细节或论断的某方面要么无中
生有捏造原文并不存在的信息要么掺入常
结论过于绝对化
做推理判断题时一定要从整体上把握语
篇内容在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知
信息与未知信息之间架起桥梁透过字里行间
去体会作者的“弦外之音”由表入里由浅入
深从具体到抽象从特殊到一般切勿断章取
义、以偏概全立足原文只推一步切勿主观
臆断特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言以
及表达感情色彩和态度观点的词语正确选
项一般需要经过推理得出而不是文中直接出
现的原话正确选项中一般不出现表绝对概
念的词汇如onlyneverallabsolutely等而
学9
选用留有余地的词汇如oftenusuallysome ̄
timessomemaymightcancouldpossi ̄
blyprobably等注意排除无中生有(文中无
据)、简单事实(无须推理)、推理过度、黑白颠
倒(与文中所述事实相反)、张冠李戴(借用文
中某个词迷惑考生)等选项
(1)推断隐含意义
推断隐含意义的这类题干中通常含有
infersuggestimplyconclude等标志性词语
正确选项的意思必须忠实于原文但不能照搬
原文否则就变成了直接事实而不是通过推
理判断得出的结论此外也不能按照自己的
常识主观臆断
例12023年全国甲卷D篇
Obviouslyifprecautions(预防)arent
takengrizzliescanbecometroublesomesome ̄
timeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthrough
yardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefood
andattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites
grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.
Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhouses
andotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighly
effectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.“Ourhopeis
tohaveacleanattractant ̄freeplacewherebears
canpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits”
saysJamesJonkellongtimebiologistwho
managesbearsinandaroundMissoula.
35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelast
paragraph
A.Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.
B.Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.
C.Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltfor
grizzlies.
D.Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotect
B根据本段第二、三句可知如果
人们把食物和引诱物从他们的院子和露营地
移走灰熊通常会安然通过在鸡舍和其他农
场动物生活区周围设置带电的围栏对赶走灰
熊也非常有效由此推断人类可以和灰熊和
谐共处
例22023年新课标Ⅰ卷C篇
Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloser
lookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate
(培养)asustainabledigitalminimalism
lifestyle.InthesechaptersIexamineissuessuch
astheimportanceofsolitude(独处)andthe
necessityofcultivatinghigh ̄qualityleisureto
replacethetimemostnowspentonmindless
deviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswitha
collectionofpracticeswhicharedesignedto
helpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.You
canviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeantto
aidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestyle
thatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.
31.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowith
thepracticesofferedinparttwo
A.Usethemasneeded.
B.Recommendthemtofriends.
C.Evaluatetheireffects.
D.Identifytheideasbehindthem.
A根据本段最后一句可知你可
以将这些做法视为一个工具箱旨在帮助你努
力建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生
活方式由此可推知作者建议读者根据需要
使用第二部分中提及的做法
(2)推断观点态度
观点态度题是指作者对陈述的观点是赞
同、反对还是犹豫不定对记叙或描写的人、物
或事件是赞同、同情还是厌恶、憎恨作者的
10学
字里行间或流露于修饰的词语之中
推断观点态度的这类题干中通常含有
thinksoundattitudeopinionview等标志性
词语备选选项中也通常包含一些评价性的
词语如positive(积极的肯定的)negative
(消极的否定的)approving(赞成的)
disapproving(不赞成的)objective(客观的)
subjective(主观的)optimistic(乐观的)
pessimistic(悲观的)indifferent(漠不关心
的)critical(批评的)doubtful(怀疑的)
neutral(中立的)解题时要注意文中形容词、
副词、动词以及所举事例的感情色彩要依据
这些来推断作者的言外之意
例32023年新课标Ⅰ卷D篇
Inafollow ̄upstudywith100university
studentstheresearcherstriedtogetabetter
senseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidin
theirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththose
mostconfidentabouttheirestimatesDidthey
followthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds
Thishappenedsomeofthetimebutitwasnt
thedominantresponse.Mostfrequentlythe
groupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsand
reasonedtogether.”Somehowthesearguments
andreasoningresultedinaglobalreductionin
error.
AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashave
limitationsandmanyquestionsremainthe
potentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionand
decision ̄makingareenormous.
35.WhatistheauthorsattitudetowardNavajas
studies
A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.
C.Doubtful.D.Approving.
D根据第二段内容可知尽管
Navajas领导的研究有局限性且仍有许多问题
未被解答但小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨
大的由此可推知作者对于Navajas的研究
的态度是赞许的
例42023年全国甲卷C篇
Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealing
exercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperi ̄
encesandhedoessowithplentyofhumor.
Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthe
mostimportantphilosophersinhistoryandhe
becomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessby
decoding(解读)theirmessagesandaddinghis
owninterpretation.
TheSocratesExpressisafunsharpbook
thatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicity
andgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtson
desirelonelinessandaging.Theinvitationis
clear:Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeor
teaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyou
totakehisoffer.Itsworthyourtimeevenif
timeissomethingwedonthavealotof.
31.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeiners
book
A.Objectiveandplain.
B.Daringandambitious.
C.Seriousandhardtofollow.
D.Humorousandstraightforward.
D根据第一段中第一句可知
Weiner使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习
可以提高我们经历的质量而且他使幽默注满
其中根据第二段第一句可知苏格拉底快
车是一本有趣而尖锐的书它以显而易见的
简单吸引着读者并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、
孤独和衰老的深层思考中由此推知作者认
为Weiners的书幽默且易懂
(3)推断写作目的
推断写作目的的这类试题题干中通常含
学11
有purposeintendwantinorderto等标志性
的写作目的也可能是某处细节的写作意图
作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图而是通过文
章所提供的事实和现象客观地使读者接受某
种想法或意见这种题型要求考生不但要理
手法这类题的提问方式有:
Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthe
Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus
Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledo
about...
类题可用文体推断法:故事类记叙文的目的通
常是娱乐读者(toentertain)若是夹叙夹议的
般是推销产品或服务(toadvertise)其目的是
吸引更多顾客、游客、读者、订阅用户、观众等
议论文的目的是说理或劝服(toargue/per ̄
suade)科普、文化类说明文的目的大多是介绍
知识(toinform)
例52023年新课标Ⅰ卷B篇
OvertheyearsJohnhastakenonmanybig
jobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse ̄likefacilitythat
treatedsewage(污水)from1600homesinSouth
Burlington.Healsodesignedaneco ̄machine
tocleancanalwaterinFuzhouacityinsouth ̄
eastChina.
26.Whatistheauthorspurposeinmentioning
Fuzhou
A.ToreviewJohnsresearchplans.
B.ToshowanapplicationofJohnsidea.
C.TocompareJohnsdifferentjobs.
D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohnsinvention.
B根据本段内容可知这些年来
John承担了许多重大工作他开发了一个类
似温室的设施可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户
家庭的污水他还设计了一种生态机器来净
化中国东南部城市福州的运河水由此推断
作者提到福州的目的是举例说明John的发明
及其理念在实践中的应用
(4)推断语篇类型
高考阅读理解题中有时会要求考生判断文
去判断如新闻报道的首段为导语包括地点、
scientistshavefoundtheresearch/studyshows
that等表明实验结果的句子议论文作者会提出
某产品的特色和价格会有鼓励读者去了解和购
买的话比赛通知会谈到参赛人员、参赛项目、颁
例62023年新课标Ⅱ卷C篇
ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisacele ̄
brationofaneverydayobject—thebookrepre ̄
sentedhereinalmostthreehundredartworks
frommuseumsaroundtheworld.Theimageof
thereaderappearsthroughouthistoryinart
madelongbeforebooksaswenowknowthem
cameintobeing.Inartistsrepresentationsof
booksandreadingweseemomentsofshared
humanitythatgobeyondcultureandtime.
28.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom
A.Anintroductiontoabook.
B.Anessayontheartofwriting.
C.Aguidebooktoamuseum.
D.Areviewofmodernpaintings.
A根据本段第一句可知阅读
艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术通过展示来自世界
各地博物馆的近300件艺术品来颂扬生活中的
12学
一件日常用品———书籍由此可推断本文最
有可能出自一本书的序言
内容着手一般来说报纸上的新闻前面会出
皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方
性强含有网站名称或网址
例72023年全国乙卷D篇
Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewhole
worldahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepart
ofhumanityyoucannotdoitthroughtexts
alonebecauseonlysomeoftheworldhasever
hadtextswhilemostoftheworldformostof
thetimehasnot.Writingisoneofhumanitys
laterachievementsanduntilfairlyrecentlyeven
manyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecorded
theirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.
...
Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehen ̄
sionfrombothsidestherearevictoriesacciden ̄
tallyordeliberatelytwistedespeciallywhenonly
thevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareon
thelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotell
theirstories...Whenweconsidercontact(联系)
betweenliterateandnon ̄literatesocietiessuchas
theseallourfirst ̄handaccountsarenecessarily
twistedonlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifweareto
findtheotherhalfofthatconversationwehave
toreadnotjustthetextsbuttheobjects.
35.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetext
mostlikelyselectedfrom
A.HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorld
B.AShortHistoryofAustralia
C.AHistoryoftheWorldin100Objects
D.HowArtWorksTellStories
C根据第一段第一句可知如果
你想讲述整个世界的历史一段不偏袒某一部
分人类的历史你不能仅通过文本来讲述因
为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记
没有被文字记录过再根据第二段最后一句
可知如果我们要找到对话的另一半我们不
仅要读文本还要看实物故本文讲述仅仅依
靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性想要更
好地了解历史就要将文本和实物结合在一起
世界史
作出明确说明所以考生需要根据语篇预测事
件可能的结局或下段可能涉及的内容等做
按事件发展的经过描写也可能按因果关系、
对比关系来叙述)从而作出合情合理的预测
例82023年全国乙卷C篇
Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketana ̄
lysts1in5Britonssaythatwatchingcookery
programmesonTVhasencouragedthemtotry
differentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynow
useawidervarietyofingredients(配料)than
theyusedtoandjustunder1in4saytheynow
buybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.Onein
fouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethem
muchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheir
cookeryknowledgeandskillsandyoungpeople
arealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.The
UKsobsession(痴迷)withfoodisreflected
throughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshows
学13
anddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmore
oftenthanbefore.Withanincreasingnumberof
malechefsonTVitsnolonger“uncool”for
boystolikecooking.
31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalking
about
A.Theartofcookinginothercountries.
B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.
C.TablemannersintheUK.
D.Studiesofbigeaters.
B根据本段最后一句可知随着
电视上出现越来越多的男性厨师男孩子喜欢
烹饪不再是一件“不酷”的事了由此可推测
接下来作者可能会介绍一些电视节目中的男
厨师从而与上文语义连贯
Desperatelyillandseekingamiracle
DavidBennettSr.tookthelastbetonJan.7
whenhebecamethefirsthumantobesuccess ̄
fullytransplantedwiththeheartofapig.“It
createsthebeatitcreatesthepressureitishis
heart”declaredBartleyGriffithdirectorofthe
surgicalteamthatperformedtheoperationatthe
UniversityofMarylandMedicalCenter.
Bennett57heldonthrough60tomorrows
farlongerthananypreviouspatientwhod
receivedaheartfromanotherspecies.Hisremark ̄
ablerunofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures
knownasxenotransplantation(异种器官移植)
couldhelprelievetheshortageofreplacement
organssavingthousandsofliveseachyear.
Theearliestattemptsatxenotransplantation
oforgansinvolvingkidneysfromrabbitsgoats
andotheranimalsoccurredintheearly20th
centurydecadesbeforethefirstsuccessful
human ̄to ̄humantransplants.Rejectionwhichoc ̄
curswhentherecipientsbodysystemrecognizes
thedonororganasaforeignobjectandattacksit
followedwithinhoursordays.Resultsimproved
aftersomespecialdrugsarrivedinthe1960sbut
mostrecipientsstilldiedafterafewweeks.The
recordforaheartxenotransplantwassetin1983
whenaninfantnamedBabyFaesurvivedfor20
dayswithanorganfromababoon(狒狒).
Inrecentyearshoweveradvancesingene
editinghaveopenedanewpossibility:re ̄edit
somegenesinanimalstoprovideuser ̄friendly
spareparts.Pigscouldbeidealforthispurpose
becausetheyreeasytoraiseandreachadult
humansizeinmonths.Somebiotechcompanies
includingRevivicorareinvestingheavilyinthe
field.ThedonorpigwasofferedbyRevivicor
fromalineofanimalsinwhich10geneshad
beenre ̄editedtoimprovetheheartscondition.
Beyondthatthepigwasraisedinisolationand
testedregularlyforvirusesthatcouldinfect
humansordamagetheorganitself.
Thismedicalbreakthroughprovidedan
alternativeforthe20%ofpatientsontheheart
transplantwaitinglistwhodiewhilewaitingor
becometoosicktobeagoodcandidate.
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“run”inpara ̄
graph2referto
A.Donatinghishearttoapatient.
B.Performingtheheartoperation.
C.Receivinganewheartfromapig.
D.Livingfor60daysaftertheoperation.
2.Whichaspectofxenotransplantationdoes
paragraph3mainlyfocuson
A.Itshistory.B.Itsprocedure.
C.Itsconsequence.D.Itssignificance.
14学
3.Whatmakespigsidealforprovidingspare
partsinxenotransplantation
A.Theirgrowthrateandhealthcondition.
B.Theirlifepatternandresistancetoviruses.
C.Theireasinessofkeepingandrapidgrowth.
D.Theirinvestmentvalueandnaturalquality.
4.WhywasBennettsoperationregardedasa
breakthrough
A.Itintroducednewmedicationstoprevent
organrejection.
B.Itprovedthepotentialforusingorgans
fromvariousanimals.
C.Itguaranteedasufficientsupplyofdonor
pigsfortransplants.
D.Itofferedaprospectofreplacementorgans
throughgeneediting.
(原创预测)Around6300milliontonsof
the8300milliontonsofplasticproducedupto
theendof2015havebeendiscardedandtheyare
stillpollutingtheenvironment.Microplasticscan
befoundinvariousplacesincludingAntarctic
seaicethegutsofdeep ̄seaanimalsandeven
indrinkingwaterworldwide.Plasticwastehas
becomesowidespreadthatitisnowconsidereda
potentialgeologicalindicatoroftheAnthropo ̄
ceneourcurrentera.
Howeverifweweretoremoveallplastics
fromourliveswewouldfacesignificantchal ̄
lenges.Inhospitalsplasticisessentialforitems
likeglovestubingsyringes(注射器)blood
bagsandsampletubes.Thelossofplasticin
hospitalswouldhavedevastatingconsequences
andliveswouldbeatrisk.Everydayplastic
itemslikefacemaskshavealsoprovencrucialin
slowingthespreadofdiseasessoremoving
themcouldresultinfurtherlossoflife.
Ourfoodsystemheavilyreliesonplastic
packagingtoprotectandpreservefoodduring
transportation.Withoutitnotonlyconsumers
butalsosupermarketsupplychainswouldneed
tomakefundamentalchanges.Highlyperishable
goodswithlongjourneysbetweenfarmsandsu ̄
permarketsmightendupbeingwasted.
Livingwithoutplasticwouldalsorequirea
shiftinthetextileindustryasasignificantpor ̄
tionoftextilefibersproducedworldwideareman ̄
made.Whilenaturalfiberslikecottoncouldbeal ̄
ternativesincreasingtheirproductionwould
comewithenvironmentalcostssuchasincreased
useofinsecticidesandpollutionofwatersupplies.
Plasticisnotlimitedtopackagingitisalso
usedinbuildingstransportationfurnitureap ̄
pliancescarpetsphonesandcountlessother
everydayobjects.Thereforethehopeofliving
inaplastic ̄freeworldisunrealistic.However
imagininghowourliveswouldchangewithout
plasticcanhelpusestablishanewmoresus ̄
tainablerelationshipwithit.
Inconclusionplasticwasteisacomplexis ̄
sueandwhilereducingconsumptionandfind ̄
ingalternativesareimportantcompletelyelimi ̄
natingplasticfromourlivesisnotfeasible(可
行的).Itiscrucialtofindwaystominimize
plasticwastepromoterecyclinganddevelop
moresustainablepracticesintheuseanddisposal
ofplastics.
1.Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph
A.ThereisnoplasticwasteinAntarcticsea
ice.
B.Plasticwastecanbeonlyfoundonasmall
scale.
学29
第一练
第一节阅读下列短文从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项
Decemberismadeforshoppers.Itsalsogoodfortravels.Herearesomebestplacesthatyoucan
plantovisitthisDecember.
Gubbio
TravelerstoGubbioinItalysUmbriaregionwillfindthelargestChristmastreeintheworld.The
treeis2130feettallwhichcametolifein1981whentheresidentsofGubbiodecidedtheywantedto
celebrateChristmasinadifferentway.ThelightsareturnedononDecember7andturnedoffinearly
January.
Sydney
TravelerstoSydneyneedtokeeptheireyesontheskyiftheyreatSydneyHarboronNewYears
Eve.Theannualcelebrationbeginswithanairshowandisfollowedbyboatsspraying(喷洒)water
intotheair.Otheractivitiesincludelightinguptheharborbridgeandofcourselotsoffireworksthat
canbeseenfromvariouspointsaroundthecity.
Vienna
ViennainAustriaturnsintoafairylandatChristmasasthecitysprettiestsquareglowswith
lightsandholidaygreenplants.Themarketssellingavarietyofgiftsdecorationsandtraditional
snacksgenerallyopenaroundNovember20thandcloseonChristmasEve.Perhapstheoldestmarketis
attheOldVienneseChristmasMarketthatfirstopenedinFreyungin1772.
NewYork
OnNewYearsEvemorethanamillionpeoplejamNewYorksTimesSquarefortheannual
celebrationthatincludeslivemusicalentertainmentballoonsandsweetswaitingtoseeahugeball
madeofWaterfordcrystaldropasthecountdown(倒计时)tomidnightbegins.Itreachesthebottom
atmidnightwhichisatraditionthatbeganin1907.Thenitstimeforfireworks.
1.WherecanyouseethebiggestChristmastree
A.InItaly.B.InAustralia.C.InAustria.D.IntheUSA.
2.HowlongdotheChristmasmarketsinViennalasteachyear
A.Foraboutfourmonths.B.Foraboutthreemonths.
C.Foraboutonemonth.D.Forabouthalfamonth.
3.WhatdoSydneysandNewYorkscelebrationshaveincommon
A.Peoplehandoutsweetsandballoons.B.Peoplecelebrateonthesquare.
C.Peopleuseboatstospraywaterintotheair.D.Peoplecanseefireworks.
30学
(原创预测)Inwhatcanonlybedescribedasamiraclefourchildrenfromanindigenous(本土
的)communityinColombiawererescuedafterbeingstranded(使滞留)intheAmazonrainforestfor
40days.OnMay1202313 ̄year ̄oldLeslynine ̄year ̄oldSoleinyfour ̄year ̄oldTienNorieand
11 ̄month ̄oldCristinwereflyingwiththeirmothertothetownofSanJosédelGuaviare.Midway
throughthejourneytheirsmallairplanesufferedanenginefailureandcrashedinaremotepartofthe
ColombianAmazonjungle.
DuetobadweathertheColombianarmycouldnotgettothecrashsiteuntilMay162023.
Whentheyarrivedtheyfoundthebodiesofthemotherthepilotandanotheradult.Howeverthe
fourchildrenweremissing.Theonlycluesoftheirpresencewereababybottlesomesmallshoesand
tinyfootprintsnearthewreckage.
ThekidswhobelongtotheHuitototribehadbeentaughttheskillstosurviveinthejungle.This
gavetherescueteamcomprising150militarypersonnelandmembersoflocalindigenousgroups
hopethatthefourmaystillbealive.
OnJune9202340daysaftertheplanecrashedanindigenousrescueteamfinallyfoundthe
children.Theywerehuddledtogetherjustthreemiles(4.8km)awayfromthecrashsite.Itwaslater
discoveredthatColombiansoldiershadcomeclosetothechildrenseveraltimes.Butthekidsscared
bytheirpresencehadhideachtimetheyheardthem.
OfficialscreditthekidssurvivaltoLesly.Theresourceful13 ̄year ̄oldusedherextensive
knowledgeofthejungletoseekoutediblefruitstofeedhersiblings.Shefedher11 ̄month ̄oldsistera
mixtureofwaterandcassavaflourtheyhadbroughtontheplane.Thekidsalsofoundaboxoffood
air ̄droppedbythearmy.Atnightthefoursoughtrefugeunderamosquitonetandplastictarp
retrievedfromtheplane.
Thoughstillweakandshakenfromtheordeal(磨难)allfourchildrenareexpectedtofully
recover.Notsurprisinglytheirremarkabletaleofsurvivalhasattractedglobalinterestandmadethem
nationalcelebritiesinColombia.
4.Whatgavetherescueteamhopethatthefourchildrenmaystillbealive
A.Thefootprintsleftnearthewreckage.
B.Thepresenceofsmallshoesandababybottle.
C.Thefactthatrescuehadcomeclosetothechildren.
D.Thekidsknowledgeandskillstosurviveinthejungle.
5.WhywerethechildrennotfoundearlierbytheColombiansoldiers
A.Thecrashsitewastoodifficulttoaccess.B.Thesoldierswerenotawareofthecrash.
C.Thesoldiersdidnotsearchforthechildren.D.Thechildrenhidwhenevertheyheardthesoldiers.
6.Howdidthechildrenmanagetosurvive
A.Theyreceivedhelpfromthelocaltribe.B.Theyweresupportedbytherescueteam.
C.Theyfoundfoodandshelterontheirown.D.Theywererescuedbyapassinghelicopter.
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7.Whatisthemainideaofthetext
A.TheskillsoftheHuitototribeinsurvivinginthejungle.
B.ThecrashofasmallairplaneintheColombianAmazonjungle.
C.ThemiraculoussurvivaloffourchildrenintheAmazonrainforest.
D.TherescueeffortsoftheColombianarmyintheAmazonrainforest.
C
(原创预测)Itisnosecretthatplay ̄basedlearningimprovesthecognitivephysicalsocialand
emotionalwell ̄beingofchildren.ResearchersnowbelievethatcertainboardgameslikeChutesand
LaddersandMonopolycanalsohelpenhancetheirmathskills.
TheteamatPontificiaUniversidadCatólicadeChileinSantiagoChilecametothisconclusion
afteranalyzingtheresultsof19studies.Theywereconductedbetween2000and2023.Allbutoneof
thestudiesfocusedontherelationshipbetweenmathskillsandboardgames.
Inthesestudieskidsaged3 ̄9playedboardgamesunderthesupervisionofteachersortrainedadults.
The20 ̄minutesessionswereheldtwiceaweekforaboutsixweeks.Insomecasesonesetofkids(the
interventiongroup)playednumber ̄centricboardgameswhiletheother(thecontrolgroup)playedboard
gamesthatdidnotrequiremathskills.Inotherstudiesboththeinterventionandcontrolgroupsplayed
number ̄basedgames.TheywerehowevergivendifferentgameslikeMonopolyandDominoes.
Theparticipantsmathskillswereassessedbeforeandaftereachstudy.Theresearcherslookedfor
improvementinfourkeycategories.Theyincludedtheabilitytonamenumbersanddemonstratesimple
numberknowledge—suchas“nineisgreaterthanthree.”Changesinthekidsabilitiestoaddand
subtractandtheirinterestinmathwerealsonoted.
TheresultsofthestudywerepublishedinthejournalEarlyYearsonJuly62023.Itrevealedthat
playingboardgameshelpsimprovethechildrensmathskillsinoverhalfofthefourareas.
Additionallynearlyathirdofthechildrenintheinterventiongroupsscoredhigheronmathteststhan
thoseinthecontrolgroups.
Theresearchershopetheirfindingswillinspirethecreationofnewboardgamesspeciallydesigned
forclassroomlearning.Meanwhileboostyourmathskillsbyorganizingagameanightortwowith
familyandfriendsthissummer—italladdsup!
8.Whatstheresearchersattitudetowardstherelationshipbetweenplay ̄basedlearningandchildrens
well ̄being
A.Negative.B.Indifferent.C.Doubtful.D.Positive.
9.Howweretheparticipantsmathskillsassessed
A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byaskingquestions.
C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byprovidingdefinitions.
10.Whatdotheresearchershopetheirfindingswillinspire
A.Theimprovementofsocialandemotionalwell ̄beinginchildren.
B.Thecreationofnewboardgamesforclassroomlearning.
32学
C.Theintroductionofplay ̄basedlearninginschools.
D.Theuseofboardgamesforphysicaldevelopment.
11.Whatisthemainfocusofthetext
A.Thebenefitsofplay ̄basedlearningtochildren.
B.Thesolutiontoimprovingchildrensmathskills.
C.Theresultsofastudyonboardgamesandmathskills.
D.Theneedfornewboardgamesforclassroomlearning.
D
(原创预测)Inthe1970sthelatebiologistLeighVanValenreachedasurprisingconclusion:a
speciesthathasbeenonEarthforafewmillionyearsprovingitselftobeasuccessfulsurvivorisjust
aslikelytogoextinctasaspeciesthatappearedjustafewthousandyearsago.VanValencameup
withanexplanationforthis“lawofconstantextinction”orVanValenslaw.Hearguedthataspecies
canneverimproveitssurvivalodds(几率)becauseitisalwaysincompetitionwithotherspecies.
Cheetahssaymightevolvetorunfasterbutbecausetheantelopestheyhuntarealsoevolvingtorun
fastercheetahsdontbecomemorelikelytocatchthepreytheyneedtosurvive.
Therulemightseemevenmoresurprisinggiventhatalthoughanewspeciesistypicallyconfined
toahandfulofindividualslivinginasmallareaitspopulationthenexpandssuchthatitmightcomprise
millionsofindividualsacrossanentirecontinent.Howcanitalwaysremainjustaslikelytovanish
AfewyearsagoIndre
liobaite
attheUniversityofHelsinkiFinlandandhercolleaguessought
toaddressthisquestion.Theybuiltacomputermodelthatshowsextinctionratesremainthesame
becauseofaninterplay(相互作用)betweenbiologicalcompetitionandnon ̄biologicalfactors—
naturaldisastersorclimatechangeforinstance.
Anewlyevolvedspeciesmightcarryanewinnovationinthewayitfeedsormovesthatmeansit
facesrelativelylittlecompetition.Butbecausethepopulationissmallandconfinedtoatiny
geographicalareaitisatheightenedriskofextinctionfromlocaleventssuchasavolcaniceruption.
Incontrastamaturespeciesspreadacrossawideareaisatlessriskfromalocalizednaturaldisaster.
Thenagainifthatspeciesisnolongerlargelyisolatedastimepassesitfacesanever ̄greaterriskof
extinctionthroughbiologicalcompetitionasnewspeciesevolve.Thethreatcanevenemergefrom
relatedspecies:forinstanceasmodernhumansspreadaroundtheworldtheymayhavecontributed
totheextinctionofmanyancienthumanspecies.
andhercolleaguessuspecttheirworkmightevenofferusinsightsintosociety.They
recentlybegantoexplorewhethertheircomputermodelscanexplaintheriseandfallofindustrial
companieshumanlanguagesorevenmusicgenres.“Wewanttoknowhowentities(实体)replace
oneanother”shesays.
12.WhatdidVanValenconcludeaboutthelikelihoodofextinctionfordifferentspecies
A.Thelikelihoodofextinctioncanbedeterminedbasedontheageofaspecies.
B.Speciesthatappearedjustafewthousandyearsagoaremorelikelytogoextinct.
学33
C.SpeciesthathavebeenonEarthforafewmillionyearsaremorelikelytogoextinct.
D.Thelikelihoodofextinctionisthesameforbothlong ̄standingandrecentlyappearedspecies.
13.AccordingtoVanValenslawwhycanaspeciesneverimproveitssurvivalodds
A.Becauseitisalwaysevolvingtobefaster.
B.Becauseitisalwaysatriskofnaturaldisasters.
C.Becauseitisalwaysincompetitionwithotherspecies.
D.Becauseitisalwayslimitedtoasmallgeographicalarea.
14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“heightened”inparagraph4mean
A.Increased.B.Decreased.C.Maintained.D.Balanced.
15.Whatdoliobaite
andhercolleaguesthinktheirworkmightofferinsightsinto
A.Theextinctionofancienthumanspecies.B.Theriseandfallofindustrialcompanies.
C.Theclassificationofhumanlanguages.D.Theappearanceofanewmusicgenre.
第二节根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为
多余选项
IsManagingKidsScreenTimeaGoodIdea
Screentimeisabigtopicofconversationintodayshouseholdsparticularlyduringthepandemic
whenonlineeducationhourshavemultipliedformanystudents.16Theyhopetosparetheirkids
fromthecountlesschallengesthattechnologycanbring.Yetthechallengesofscreentimeoveruse
seldomcomefromkidsdevicesthemselvesbutratherfromthetenserelationshipsthattechnologycan
bringtofamilies.17Buttechnologyhaspositivebenefitstoo.Sinceeverychildandfamilyis
differentmanagingscreentimecallsforjointfamilydecision ̄making.
Ifparentsbelievetheycanmanageachildsscreentimethroughadolescencetheyarenotonly
foolingthemselvesbutalsoinvitingrelationshiptroublewiththeirteens.Itisamythtothinkthat
parentscanorshouldmanagetheirkidsscreentimethroughauthoritarianrestrictionsevenduring
elementaryschool.18Whenchildrenareleftoutofthosedecisionstheyoftenbecomeless
communicativewithparentsandsiblings.Thisistheoppositeofwhatparentswanttoachieve.
19Fromearlyageschildrenarequitecapableofunderstandingthatagoodlifeinvolves
awarenessandbalance.Justastheylearnrightfromwrongandgoodfrombadtheycanalsolearnto
usetechnologyinhealthyways.Learninghowtoregulateoneselfanddevelophealthybehaviorsisone
oftheprimarytasksofchildhoodandadolescence.Whathappenswhenanadulttriestoregulateachild
isthatthechildmissesoutontheopportunitytolearnforthemselves.Enforcedrestrictionscanalso
makechildrenfeelhelplessandlessconfident.
Tobeclearthisarticleisnotsuggestingthatfamiliesneveruseappsortrackersorthatthere
shouldbenorestrictionsonscreentime.20Parentsshouldgivevoicetochildrenandinvolvethem
intheplanninganddecision ̄makingprocess.
A.Ofcoursetherearewebsitesthatareunhealthyforkidstoaccess.
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四
短
文
改
错
专题解读四短文改错
普通高中英语课程标准(2017年版2020
年修订)对语法知识的描述为:英语语法知识
变化如名词的数、格动词的时、态(体)等句
类等
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
大纲的说明中“考试形式与试卷结构”部分对
短文改错题的表述如下:满分10分本题给出
一篇约100个单词的短文文中有10处错误错
误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等要求考生
对每个句子进行判断如有错即将其改正
在高考英语试卷中短文改错属于第四部
分写作的第一节共10小题每小题1分满分
10分题目要求为:假定英语课上老师要求同
桌之间交换修改作文请你修改你同桌写的以
下作文文中共有10处语言错误每句中最多
有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删
除或修改
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并
在其下面写出该加的词
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉
修改:在错的词下画一横线并在该词下
面写出修改后的词
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词
2.只允许修改10处多者(从第11处起)
不计分
短文改错旨在考查考生在语篇中发现、判断与纠正语言错误的能力从而获得在语篇中综合
运用语言的能力短文改错设错点有词汇、语法、篇章结构、行文逻辑等方面并不是单纯检测考
生的语法知识而是检测考生写作能力中的校正能力
1.短文特点
卷别体裁题材词数句数
2023年全国甲卷记叙文爱上昆虫1007
2023年全国乙卷记叙文妈妈的染发经历1108
2022年全国甲卷记叙文修复父子关系1038
2022年全国乙卷说明文自行车运动的好处979
2021年全国甲卷说明文困境中向谁寻求帮助1049
2021年全国乙卷议论文做家务的好处1019
146学
近几年短文改错词数通常与书面表达一样在100词左右选材源于学生自己的作文话题
贴近学生日常生活句式以简单句和并列句为主基本上没有偏、难、怪的句子和单词符合中国学
生的英语实际水平短文改错通过提供比较真实的语境来考查学生的校正能力、写作能力和对语
篇的把握能力
2.设题特点
2022—2023年高考英语全国卷短文改错考查情况一览表
题号
2023年全国甲卷2023年全国乙卷2022年全国甲卷2022年全国乙卷
考点类型答案考点类型答案考点类型答案考点类型答案
71缺词
缺少系
动词be
加be错词
代词
错用
her多词
多用
删除
my
错词
形容词
great
72错词
谓语动
词错用
made多词
介词
with
主谓一
致错误
were错词
live
73错词
us错词
chose错词
close缺词
缺少
加of
74错词
名词的
数错用
butterflies错词
关系代
whose错词
系动词
became错词
连词
If/When
75错词
beautiful缺词
冠词
加the缺词
缺少动词
不定式符号
加to错词
you
76错词
and错词连词错用and错词
非谓语
动词错用
staying错词
causing
77错词
which错词
say错词
固定表
达错误
so多词
语态
删除been
78多词
删除of错词
副词
finally错词
how错词
which
79错词
a错词
wash错词
and错词
are
80错词
becomes错词
true错词
限定词
both错词
bicycles
通过上表的考点分布情况可以看出高考短文改错突出了对实词的考查考点涵盖面广包
法及语法知识需注意的是短文改错对标点符号和大小写等不设错
对句法和语篇的考查包括以下几点:(1)上下文中的时态是否一致在原有时态中是否夹杂
着另一种时态(2)上下文中的代词是否一致主要是代词的格与数的错误———人称代词的混用
单数和复数的混用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的混用等(3)上下文中的逻辑是否一
短文改错的设题方式为一个单词的增加、删除或修改考点分布均匀每句中最多有两处错
误即有的句子无错有的有1处错有的有2处错所改处基本符合“1∶1∶8”的比例即多词1处
缺词1处错词8处
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1.考点规律分析
此类错误主要集中在不定冠词a和an及定冠词the的混用和漏用主要包括:不定冠词a和
an的混用不定冠词a或an与定冠词the的混用零冠词及某些习语或固定搭配中冠词的误用等
注意:不定冠词一般表泛指定冠词表特指
2.高考真题示例
例12023年全国甲卷
IntheeveningwhenItakethewalkinthe
schoolgardenthesingingofinsectsbecomes
moremeaningfultome.
第二个the改为atakeawalk意
为“散步”是固定表达故将第二个the改为a
例22023年全国乙卷
Momwassuresamecolorwouldlookgreat
onher.
在same前加thethesame为固定
搭配意为“同样的”故在same前加the
例32020年全国Ⅰ卷
ThenIputthetomatoesandthebeateneggs
intopantogether.
在pan前加thepan是可数名词
此处特指“我”之前放油加热的平底锅故pan
前面需要加定冠词the
例42020年全国Ⅲ卷
Forexampleeverymorningmydadhas
tohavethebowlofeggsoup...
the改为abowl是可数名词此
处表示“每天早上我爸爸得喝一碗鸡蛋汤”
且bowl首字母发辅音音素故应用不定冠词a
修饰
例52019年全国Ⅰ卷
Suddenlyfootballfelljustinfrontofme
andalmosthitme.
在football前加afootball为可数
名词其首字母发辅音音素故需加不定冠词
a表数量“一”的含义
例62019年全国Ⅲ卷
Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferent
themeandanuniquestyle.
an改为aunique首字母发辅音
音素故应用冠词a
148学
此类的错误一般包括以下几个方面:在一些固定短语中介词的误用及物动词后介词的多用
不及物动词后介词的漏用等
NowIvecometolovethoseofsmall
livingthings.
删除of限定词those直接修饰名
词其后不需要接介词故删除of
Shestudiedwithallthehairproductsatthe
drugstore.
删除with句意:她研究了药店里
的所有美发产品根据句意可知study在此处
为及物动词后面应该直接接宾语介词with
多余故删除with
例32022年全国乙卷
Maybeitisbecausethecombinationof
freshairsmoothmovementandexercise.
在because后加ofbecause是连
词引导原因状语从句becauseof是介词短语
后接名词(短语)、代词等作宾语此处后面接
的是名词短语故在because后加of
例42021年全国甲卷
Oneofthequestionsis:Whowillyougoin
timesoftrouble
在go后加to句意:其中一个问
题是:在遇到困难的时候你会去找谁此处go
tosb.意为“找某人谈论某事(通常是问题或麻
烦)”是固定表达
例52021年全国乙卷
Inmyopinionstudentscanbenefitalot
doingsomehousework.
在doing前加from句意:在我看
来学生们可从做一些家务中受益很多
benefitfrom(doing)sth.意为“从(做)中
受益”为固定表达
例62020年全国Ⅱ卷
ImgladtoknowthatyouvecomeChinato
learnkungfuinaschoolinmyhometown.
在come后加tocome作“来到
抵达”讲是不及物动词cometo+地点表示“来
到某处”
学149
名词
此类错误一般包括以下几个方面:可数名词与不可数名词的混用可数名词单复数的误用固
定短语中一些名词数的误用名词的格的误用等
Thebeesbutterflyandmanyotherinsects
lookedlovelyandbeautifulonthestamps.
butterfly改为butterfliesbutterfly
作“蝴蝶”讲时为可数名词此处指“蜜蜂、蝴
蝶和许多其他昆虫”butterfly有复数含义故应
用复数形式
例22022年全国乙卷
Ourcitieswillbebetterplacesifwe
replacecarswithbicycle.
bicycle改为bicyclesbicycle为可
数名词此处指“用自行车代替汽车”bicycle
有复数含义故应用复数形式
例32021年全国甲卷
Manystudentssaytheywilltalktotheir
friendorclassmatesbecausetheyreofthesame
ageandcanunderstandeachother.
friend改为friendsfriend为可数名
词此处指“许多学生说他们会和他们的朋友或
同学交流”friend有复数含义故应用复数形式
例42021年全国乙卷
Ialwaysassistmyparentsindoingthedish
aftermeals.
dish改为dishesdothedishes为
固定表达意为“洗碗”
例52020年全国Ⅰ卷
NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandbeat
themquicklywithchopstick.
chopstick改为chopstickschopstick
是可数名词筷子通常用一双(两根)故应用复
数形式
LuckilyIwillgohomeintwoweeksfor
summervacations.
vacations改为vacationsummer
vacation意为“暑假”为固定表达
例72020年全国Ⅲ卷
Mymomisreallyconcernedwiththe
healthofeveryoneinourfamilies.
families改为family句意:我妈妈
此处指的就是“我们”这个家庭故应用单数
150学
此类的错误主要包括以下几个方面:形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的误用人称代词
中主格与宾格的误用性别错误或单复数错误指代错误反身代词与人称代词的宾格的误用等
InthatclassMissZhaoourbiology
teachershowedweinsectsonstamps.
we改为us作动词showed的宾
语应用宾格故将we改为us
LastFridaymymomdecidedtocolorhis
hair.
his改为her句意:上周五我妈
妈决定染头发此处指“我妈妈染她(自己)的
头发”应用代词her故将his改为her
例32022年全国甲卷
Myfatheroftentookmetohishospital
whenIwasoffmyschool.
删除myoffschool是固定表达
意为“不上学”
例42022年全国乙卷
Sotheyarenotproducingcarbondioxide
andnotcausingairpollution.
they改为you句意:如此你就不
会制造出二氧化碳也不会导致空气污染根
据句意和上下文可知此处指“你”故将they
改为you
例52021年全国甲卷
Onlyalittlechoosetodealwiththe
problemsonourown.
little改为few句意:只有少数人
选择自己处理问题alittle指代不可数名词
而此处指代可数名词复数students故将little
改为few
our改为their本句主语为第三人称复
数应用形容词性物主代词their
例62021年全国乙卷
Thatsourviewonhousework.our改为my通读全文可知全文
陈述的是“我”的观点故将our改为my
学151
例72020年全国Ⅰ卷
“Notthatway”mymomtriedtostopus
butfailed.
us改为me全文以第一人称的口
吻叙述并且做菜的只有“我”一人故将us改
为me
形容词和副词
此类的错误一般包括以下几个方面:形容词或副词的误用形容词和副词的原级、比较级与最
高级的误用形容词和副词的误用等一般来说形容词在句中常作名词的前置定语或在系动词
后作表语有时也作补语副词在句中常作状语来修饰动词(短语)、形容词、副词或整个句子
Thebeesbutterfliesandmanyotherinsects
lookedlovelyandbeautifullyonthestamps.
beautifully改为beautiful系动词
looked后应用形容词作表语构成系表结构
Howeverinsteadofthebrownishredhair
shehadhopedforshefinalgotpurplehair.
final改为finally作状语修饰动
词got应用副词故将final改为finally
例32023年全国乙卷
Atleastonethingprovedtruth:thecolor
wouldntwashout.
truth改为true此处proved为系
动词意为“证明是”后应用形容词作表语构
成系表结构
例42022年全国甲卷
Ifeltsocloselytohim.closely改为close系动词后应用
形容词作表语构成系表结构
例52022年全国乙卷
Weallknowthatcyclingisagreatly
exercise.
greatly改为great作定语修饰名
词exercise应用形容词
例62021年全国甲卷
Inmyopinionwhenintroubleweshould
seekhelpfromthosewetrustmostly.
mostly改为mostmostly意为“主
要地”此处表示“我们最信任的人”应用程度
副词most来修饰动词trust
152学
例72021年全国乙卷
Whatsmoredoinghouseworkcanbea
formofmentallyrelaxationfromstudy.
mentally改为mental作定语修饰
名词relaxation应用形容词mental
例82020年全国Ⅰ卷
TodayItriedcookingasimplydish
myself.
simply改为simple句意:今天我试
着自己做一道简单的菜作定语修饰名词dish
应用形容词
例92020年全国Ⅰ卷
AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanand
turnedoffthestove.
off改为on根据语境此处表示“打
开炉子”应用turnonturnoff意为“关掉”
例102020年全国Ⅱ卷
Imsurelyyoullhaveagoodtime.surely改为sure句意:我相信你将
会玩得很开心此处应用形容词作表语构成系
表结构
从句中的关联词
此类题主要涉及句子结构方面的错误做题时主要从以下几个方面来思考:句子结构是否完
整成分是否冗缺复合句中连接主句和从句的关联词的运用是否恰当等题目主要考查名词性
从句、定语从句以及状语从句中关联词的正确使用
Sheevenplayedsomerecordingsoftheir
singingwhatwasfun.
what改为which句意:她甚至播放
了一些它们鸣叫的录音这很有趣分析句子结
构可知此处为非限制性定语从句先行词为
singing关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语应用
关系代词which来引导
Thecolorshechosecameinaboxwhich
hadapictureofawomanthathaircolor
lookedjustperfect.
that改为whose分析句子结构可
知此处是限制性定语从句先行词是awoman
关系词在从句中作定语修饰haircolor表所属关
系应用关系代词whose引导
158学
容词与副词的误用时态与语态使用不当名
词单复数的误用等
四看每句中有无逻辑方面的错误:并列句
中的连词、复合句中的关联词是否运用得当
3.复读全文验证答案规范答题核对
错误项时若有一时难以判断的地方可以参
考所改动项是否符合1∶1∶8的比例即多词一
处缺词一处错词八处
总之要牢记短文改错解题四原则:改动以
最少为原则虚词以增加或删除为原则实词以
改变词形为原则句子以保持原意为原则
高考英语短文改错考查的内容就是学生
写作中常犯的一些错误其难点是发现并改正
篇章中各种关于语言形式、意义和逻辑关系一
致性的错误在做短文改错时要依托语法基
础但也要跳出语法的层面从语篇的层次来
分析判断意义表述是否完整清晰逻辑是否准
确严密考生必须夯实自己的语法基础提高
阅读理解能力和篇章分析能力在不断的改错
实践中完善自己的写作能力准确使用语法和
词汇以及一定的句型以清楚连贯地表达自己
的意思
下列各小题中有且仅有一处错误每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词
修改:在错的词下画一横线并在该词下面写出修改后的词
第一节冠词
1.Iwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenallof
suddenitstartedraining.
2.Firmsthatfailtotakeanadvantageofthis
newtechnologywillgooutofbusiness.
3.Hiscareerhasbeenonadeclineforsome
yearsnow.
4.Onawholeitwasaprettygoodconference.
5.Providedyouaremodestyoullsurelymake
aprogress.
6.Wewereinhurrytogetbacktotheoffice.
7.Thewomanatthedeskgreetedthemanin
boredvoice.
8.Thenumberofpeoplesaidtheyhadseenthe
stolencarearlierintheday.
9.TheyansweredMr.Smithsquestionsinthe
turn.
10.Itwouldmakethesenseforourparentstobe
involvedinthisdiscussion.
11.Shelookedupintheskyandcaughtthe
sightofaneagleglidingthroughtheair.
12.IcouldntreallyenjoymyholidaybecauseI
wassickalltime.
13.ImoutoftheshapebecauseIhaventbeen
exercisingforyears.
学159
14.Anewmotorwayservicestationhasbeen
openedtoencouragedriverstotakethe
breakduringtheirlongjourneys.
15.Wereatlossforwhattodowithallthis
foodfromyesterdaysparty.
16.Thehotelhasnotoiletfacilitiesfordisabled.
17.Wemustntforgettotakeanaccountof
priceincreaseswhenwedothebudgetfor
nextyear.
18.Herpurposewastoexaminehisfeaturesto
seeifhewasahonestman.
19.Atendoftheafternoontheywereexhausted
andhalfasleep.
20.Astudydoneearlierthisyearshowedthat90
percentofshopperswouldbeinthefavorof
open ̄airmarkets.
21.Theyaremorelikelytotravelbytheplane
tosavetime.
22.Physicalactivityisaimportantfactorin
maintainingfitness.
23.Onceourschoolorganizedatwo ̄weekstay
incountryside.
24.ThisChineseknotlooksreallybeautifulin
shapeofadiamondabout4incheswide
and5incheslong.
25.NowIcontinuerunninghardforahour
everyday.
26.IdliketoeatoutbutonotherhandI
shouldbetryingtosavemoney.
27.YoumustgivebriefdescriptionofaChinese
idiomthatimpressesyoumostinyour
article.
28.Nowadayspeoplestudyyogaforthevariety
ofreasons.
29.Theshopsareatthedistancefromwherewe
live.
30.BeingaskedtoperformatLaScalaisa
honourforanyyoungsinger.
31.Hewrotemealetterandhopedthatsome ̄
thinginitwouldhelpmeforrestofmylife.
32.Hewasaexpertatfindinghiswayevenin
strangesurroundings.
33.Myfatheralwayshasabiscuitandacupof
teaatthebedtime.
34.ThishugeWisconsinsunflowerfieldcovers
aareaof15acres.
35.Thesesmallvillageshopsserveanuseful
purpose.
36.LearningthenewlanguagelikeEnglishcan
beachallenge.
37.Burnemsloveofpoetrybeganattheearlyage
whenhewasstrugglingagainstdepression.
160学
38.SometimesIwishedIwasaastronautgoing
upintospaceandfindingnewplanets.
39.Themorelearnedamanismoremodesthe
usuallybecomes.
40.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey
haddrivenfewmorekilometers.
第二节连词
1.LakeComoisaperfectall ̄year ̄round
destinationbutapopularretreatforleisure.
2.Sicilyhasbeencolonizedbyinvadersover
manycenturiesyetitsadelightfulmelting
potofculture.
3.WhenyouattendthePre ̄CollegeProgram
andyoullliveinahistoricundergraduate
housenearHarvardSquare.
4.Whentheactofsortinganddustingisnt
necessarilyfungettingthehousecleanedand
organizedisgoodforyourmentalhealth.
5.NosoonerhadIsatdownwhentherewasa
loudknockonthedoor.
6.Itiswisetohaveasmanygoodfriendsthat
wecan.
7.Youcanstayfortheweekendunlessyoulike.
8.Althoughitwasoffseasonbutthehotelwas
fullyoccupied.
9.ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmeyesterdaywhenI
realizedallmymistakes.
10.Tomakealistofbookssuitablefor
elementaryschoolersweconsideredthatthe
toneandstorylineleftthemfeelingengaged
andempowered.
11.WhenChenwearsherqipaoeitherwalking
onthestreetand“chillinginCentralPark”
shealwaysgetspraisefromstrangers.
12.Heseemedundecidediftogoorstay.
13.Hewasabouttoshutthedoorafteranidea
cametohim.
14.Shehadtohavetheoperationandshe
woulddie.
15.Excitingalthoughtheseresultsofthe
experimentaresomeexpertssoundafew
notesofcaution.
16.Tomisveryoutgoingandconfidentwhen
Katysshyandquiet.
17.Beforetheyspentovertwoyearsdeveloping
thematerialTeeandhisteamannounceda
breakthroughintheirdevelopment.
18.OneofthekeylessonsIlearnedfromthe
storyisyoushouldntputallyoureggsin
学161
onebasket.
19.Weallknowsomeonewhoneverseemsto
beontimewhetheritstoalunchdateand
aworkmeeting.
20.Ineitherknoworcarewhathappenedto
him.
21.Foranyonetryingtoloseweighttheresa
truthwecanalluniversallyacknowledge
whichbetterhealthisoftenconsideredasa
numbersgame.
22.Shehasfaiththatthisnewtypeofrobots
willprovebeneficialparticularlywhileit
comestodangerousjobs.
23.Intheforestschoolprogramkidsarenever
toldtheyareclimbingtoohighorplaying
somethingtoosharpandarerathertrusted
toself ̄adjust.
24.Ithaslongbeenthoughtwhatmeteorites(陨
石)wereresponsiblefordeliveringthis
elementtoEarth.
25.ChatGPTcannotdecidewhatistrueand
false.
26.Hewasstudyingthecomplexsimilaritiesand
differencesbetweenhumansoranimals.
27.Iheardheboughtthecombwhenhemarried
MumwhichmadeittwoyearsolderasI
was.
28.Itswell ̄knownwhichgettingoutdoorsin
naturecanbegoodforpeopleshealthand
well ̄being.
29.Ifsomeonecandescribehavinghadsome
controlovereventsintheirpastisan
importantpredictorofmentalhealth.
30.Ningxiaistheonlyprovincial ̄levelregionin
Chinadesignatedbothasanational
computinghuboranewnationalInternet
exchangecenter.
31.Thequestionifweshouldgowiththemmust
bedecidedatonce.
32.Withoutdoubttheywerenotonlymy
heroinesandbutalsotheheroinesofChina!
33.Definedasnovelandusefulideascreative
thoughtsarenotonlyoriginaland
unexpectedandalsopracticable.
34.ImforeveronadietsoIputonweight
easily.
35.Somepeopleoftenthrowrubbishwhichever
theylike.
36.Shetoldmeaboutthechallengesand
opportunitiesImightcomeacrossbuthelped
memaketherightdecision.
37.Putthatmoneysomewheresafeafteritgets
162学
stolen.
38.Hehasbeenlivingherewhenhegotmarried.
39.Ittakesalittlewhileforyoureyestoadjust
ifyouareabletomakeouttherockfigurines
(小雕像)inthedark.
40.Thefirstplacewinnerofthecontestwillbe
askedtocalltheorganizersofficetoconfirm
theiridentitywhentheirprizeismailed.
第三节介词
1.Allhislifemyfatheralwayswantedtomake
biggercontributionsinhispositionofasurgeon.
2.ThechildrensplayFlowersintheMirror
isadaptedforthefantasynovelofthesame
titlebyQingDynastynovelistLiRuzhen.
3.Wehopethatthroughthisexhibitionthe
audiencecanenterintohisworldofart.
4.Atotalsixroutesthatfeaturenaturalland ̄
scapesathleticenthusiasmandadistinctive
localculturehavebeenlaunchedtoensurevisi ̄
torsknowZhejiangscharminfullmeasure.
5.Witharesultofthenewmethodthefarms
comprehensivebenefitscanbeincreasedby
32.5percent.
6.Thejudgereactedangrilywiththesuggestion
thatithadntbeenafairtrial.
7.Heneverimaginedthatonedayhewould
returnhishometowntostartabusinessthat
madeuseofclassiccartoonimages.
8.Beingabletoplaysocceragainhasallowedme
torediscoverasenseforcourageandstrength.
9.Hisdoctorgavehimaletterstatingthathe
wasfittosignupthelessons.
10.Whenyouthinkaboutthingsfromtheright
perspectiveyoumightbeabletolaugh
yourselfformakingasillymistake.
11.Weapologizetothedelayandregretany
inconvenienceitmayhavecaused.
12.Gettingsickisgenerallysomethingthatmost
peoplewanttoavoidfrom.
13.Inadditionofflineexhibitionsthedistrict
haslaunchedanonlineexhibition.
14.Jobseekerscanposttheirresumesonlineand
applytopositionswithasinglemouseclick.
15.Foreverypositionthatyouareinterested
youhavetoimaginethatthousandsofjob ̄
seekersareallcomingforthesameposition.
16.Talenttendstorefertothatinbornskillthat
everyoneseemstobeborn.
17.Onegreatwaytokeepyourselffocusedthe
classtopicsandthelessonistotakenotes.
18.TheTangDynastyhasprofoundlyshaped
学183
五
书
面
表
达
专题解读五书面表达
年修订)中关于选择性必修课程的表达性技
能部分内容要求描述如下:1.以口头或书面形
式描述、概括经历和事实2.以口头或书面形
式传递信息、论证观点、表达情感3.通过重
复、举例和解释等方式澄清意思4.运用语篇
衔接手段提高表达的连贯性5.根据表达意
图和受众特点有意识地选择和运用语言
6.根据表达的需要设计合理的语篇结构
7.在书面表达中有目的地利用标题、图标、图
表、版式、字体和字号等手段有效地传递信息、
表达意义
在高考英语试卷中书面表达属于第四
部分第二节满分25分该节要求考生根
据所给情景用英语写一篇100词左右的
短文
一般来说高考英语写作主要考查考生四
个方面的能力:1.观察能力即观察考题中图
示或提示的内容或要求分析、提炼要点概
括考题所要求表达的全部思想2.规范的书
写能力包括正确拼写文体格式书写工整、
规范正确使用标点符号等3.遣词造句的能
力即综合运用各项英语基础知识灵活运用
词汇、句型和语法正确遣词造句、连句成文
进行有效的信息表达与传递4.谋篇的能力
即根据题目要求确定篇章框架及行文逻辑选
用正确的语句间的连接成分使篇章内容连
贯、浑然一体
1.评分原则
(1)本题满分为25分按5个档次给分
步确定其所属档次然后以该档次的要求来衡
量确定或调整档次最后给分
(3)词数少于80和多于120的从总分中
减去2分
(4)评分时应注意内容要点、应用词汇和
语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连
贯性
(5)拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一
个方面评分时应视其对交际的影响程度
予以考虑英、美式拼写及词汇用法均可
接受
(6)如书写较差以致影响交际将分数降
低一个档次
184学
2.各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档
(21-25分)
完全完成了试题规定的任务
—覆盖所有内容要点
—应用较多的语法结构和词汇
—语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致具有较强的语言应
用能力
—有效地使用了语句间的连接成分使全文结构紧凑
完全达到了预期的写作目的
第四档
(16-20分)
—虽漏掉1、2个次重点但覆盖所有主要要点
—应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求
—语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致
—应用简单的语句间的连接成分使全文结构紧凑
达到了预期的写作目的
第三档
(11-15分)
基本完成了试题规定的任务
—虽漏掉一些内容但覆盖所有主要内容
—有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误但不影响理解
—应用简单的语句间的连接成分使全文内容连贯
整体而言基本达到了预期的写作目的
第二档
(6-10分)
未恰当完成试题规定的任务
—漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容写了一些无关内容
—语法结构单调词汇项目有限
—有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误影响了对写作内容的理解
—较少使用语句间的连接成分内容缺少连贯性
信息未能清楚地传达给读者
第一档
(1-5分)
未完成试题规定的任务
—明显遗漏主要内容写了一些无关内容原因可能是未理解试题要求
—较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误影响了对写作内容的理解
—缺乏语句间的连接成分内容不连贯
信息未能传达给读者
0分未能传达给读者任何信息:内容太少无法评判所写内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清
目前高考英语写作部分的评分普遍采用
整体评分法同时辅以分析评分法阅卷老师
依据评分原则和各档次的给分范围和要求给
所评答卷定档充分考虑内容要点的完整性、
上下文的连贯性、词汇和句式的多样性及语言
的准确性结合考生的答题情况最终给出合
理的评判总的来说评分标准的具体要求可
以分为内容要点和语言质量两个方面
1.内容要点
评分标准中及格线(11-15分)及以上均
或有要点表述不清则该作文不及格因此
学185
2.语言质量
结构和词汇准确句式多样语言流畅语言是
意义的载体考生在构思过程中对于要点和细
节的把握都需要通过语言体现出来需要注意
的是阅卷老师会对语言质量进行整体把握结
合考生在内容方面的情况进行评分而不是看
在个别语言错误但从整体来看考生的语言运
用能力较强也可以给一个高档分此外阅卷
老师对于不同的语言错误也会有不同的处理方
式如果语言错误使要点句中主要信息表达有
误影响了阅卷老师的理解那么考生会因为要
句子支离破碎没有明显的主谓结构说明该考
生句法知识薄弱即使写出了一些和内容要点
评分标准中的最高分档(21-25分)要求
“应用较多的语法结构和词汇”“语法结构或词
汇方面有些许错误但为尽力使用较复杂结构
或较高级词汇所致”和“有效地使用了语句间的
连接成分使全文结构紧凑”这就要求考生在
写作中尽可能地使用一些高级词汇和语法结构
过渡词使句子、段落和篇章保持逻辑上的关联
(1)高级词汇或短语
高级词汇或短语是指拼写形式比较烦琐、
相对复杂的词汇、短语或习语等考生准确、
恰当地运用高级词汇或短语不仅会使阅卷老
师眼前一亮同时能很好地体现其词汇量和英
语表达水平
①(2023年新课标Ⅰ卷)Themore
proficientstudentmayfeelfrustratedwiththe
slowerprogressoftheirpartnerwhiletheless
proficientstudentmayfeeloverwhelmedand
struggletokeepup.较精通的学生可能会因为
同伴进步较慢而感到沮丧而较不精通的学生
可能会感到不知所措努力想跟上
②(2023年全国甲卷)Theteachingsof
ConfuciushavehadalastingimpactonChinese
societyandbeyond.Hisemphasisonethical
behaviorsocialharmonyandthecultivationof
personalvirtueshasbeenamoralcompassfor
generations.孔子的学说对中国社会乃至世界产
生了持久的影响他强调道德行为、社会和谐和
个人美德的培养是一代代人的道德指南针
③(2023年全国乙卷)Photographyallows
metoappreciatethebeautyinthesmallest
detailstocapturemomentsthatmayotherwise
gounnoticedandtotellstoriesthroughimages.
摄影让我可以欣赏到最小细节的美捕捉到可
能被忽视的瞬间并通过图像讲故事
④(2023年北京卷)Itsafantastic
initiativethatpromotesenvironmentalawareness
andsustainability.Immorethanhappytoshare
mysuggestionsabouttheevent.这是一个非常
棒的倡议可以提高环保意识和环境可持续
⑤(2022年全国新高考Ⅰ卷)The
programmeanttopromotetheinterestofthe
studentsinEnglishlearningandbroadentheir
horizonsiswidelypopularamongusstudents.
该节目旨在提高学生对英语学习的兴趣拓宽
他们的视野在我们学生中很受欢迎
(2)名言警句或谚语
在写作时根据实际情况恰当、地道地使
用一两句名言警句或谚语不仅使表达简洁凝
练而且容易给阅卷老师留下深刻印象常用
的名言警句或谚语有:
Wherethereisawillthereisaway.有志
者事竟成
186学
Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧
Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见
真情
Onefalsestepwillmakeagreatdifference.
失之毫厘谬以千里
Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswitha
singlestep.千里之行始于足下
Nopainnogain.不劳则无获
Everycoinhastwosides.事物都有两面性
Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成
功之母
Greatmindsthinkalike.英雄所见略同
Timeandtidewaitfornoman.岁月不待人
(3)高级语法结构
在写作中善于使用高级语法结构可以使
表达精练可以增加语言“亮点”的常用语法
结构有:
①倒装句突破常规同时平衡句子结构
使感情表达更突出
(2023年新课标Ⅰ卷)Onlyinthiswaycanall
studentscommunicateandmakeprogressbetter.
只有这样所有的学生才能更好地交流和进步
(2022年全国甲卷)Notonlydooceans
provideabundantresourcesandfoodforusbut
theyarealsocrucialtotheglobalclimate
development.海洋不仅为我们提供了丰富的资
源和食物而且对全球气候的发展也至关重要
②非谓语动词结构简化句子使语言表达
简洁有力
(2023年新课标Ⅰ卷)Wecouldconsider
usingamixed ̄abilitygroupingmethodwhere
studentsarepairedbasedontheirEnglish
proficiency.我们可以考虑使用混合能力分组
方法这个方法是根据学生的英语水平将他们
进行配对
(2023年全国乙卷)Immersingmyselfin
theworldofphotographyIdiscoverthatthe
newskillrequirespatienceperseveranceanda
willingnesstolearnfrommistakes.当我沉浸在
摄影世界中时我发现这项新技能需要耐心、
毅力以及从错误中吸取教训的意愿
(2023年北京卷)Toengageparticipants
effectivelyIwouldrecommendorganizinga
combinationofindoorandoutdooractivities.为
了有效地吸引参与者我建议同时组织室内和
室外的活动
(2022年全国甲卷)Additionallyoceans
are“thelungsofourplanet”providingmostof
theoxygenwebreathe.此外海洋是“地球之
肺”提供了我们呼吸的大部分氧气
③强调句突出重点抒发强烈的感情
(2023年全国乙卷)Itsthroughphotography
thatIhavelearnedthevalueofpatienceperse ̄
veranceandself ̄belief.正是通过摄影我意识
到了耐心、毅力和自信的价值
④主从复合句避免表达的单调长短句式
(2023年全国甲卷)Confuciuswasbornin
theStateofLuwhichismodern ̄dayShandong
ProvinceinChina.孔子出生在鲁国也就是今
天的中国山东省
(2023年全国乙卷)Therewerecountless
timeswhenIwouldspendhourstakingthe
perfectshotonlytorealizethatitdidntturnout
goodasexpected.有无数次我花了几个小时
拍一张完美的照片结果意识到它并没有像预
期的那样好
(2023年全国乙卷)Iwisheveryoneto
embarkontheirownjourneyoflearninganew
skillasitcantrulybearewardingandlife ̄
changingexperience.我希望每个人都踏上自己
学习新技能的旅程因为这真的是一次有益
学187
的、改变生活的经历
⑤虚拟语气突出感情色彩增强语言表现
(2023年全国甲卷)WithoutConfucius
muchofwhatwehavetodaymightnotexist.如
果没有孔子现在的很多东西可能将不存在
(2020年全国Ⅰ卷)Withoutherwe
wouldnothaveachievedsomuchprogress
becauseshealwaystriednewwaystomakeher
classeslivelyandinteresting.如果没有她我们
不会取得如此大的进步因为她总是尝试新方
法使课堂生动有趣
(4)过渡性词语
在写作中考生要合理恰当地使用表示并
列、递进、因果、转折、让步等意义的过渡性词
语使逻辑关系明确上下文衔接自然语意连
贯常用的过渡性词语有:
顺序
firstbynowlatermeanwhilefromnow/
thenonthennextfinallyeventuallyat
presentbeforeafterthat
表列举
first(ly)second(ly)third(ly)lastbutnot
leastfirstofalltobegin/startwithlastly
finally
表并列
neither...nornotonly...butalsoandalso
aswellasboth...and
表递进
besideswhatsmoremoreoverfurthermore
inadditionabovealland
表转折
或对比
butyethoweverneverthelessontheother
handthoughonthecontraryforallin
contrastsimilarly
表因果
because(of)sinceasforsotherefore
thusasaresultowingtoduetothanksto
accordingly
表举例
或说明
forexampleforinstancenamelythatis(to
say)suchasinotherwordsandsoon
表概况
或总结
inawordinconclusioninbriefinshortin
generalinsummarytoconcludetosumup
例如:
Ihadabusydayyesterday.FirstIwoke
upearlyandwentforaruninthepark.Itwas
refreshingandenergizing.ThenIcamehome
andhadanutritiousbreakfast.AfterthatI
startedworkingonaprojectformyschool.I
researchedgatheredinformationandorganized
mythoughts.HoweverIwasgettingmybrain
intoaproductiverhythmwhenmyphonerang.It
wasmyfriendinvitingmetogoshopping.
DespitebeingtemptedIdecidedtodeclinethe
invitationandcontinueworkingonmyproject.I
knewthatfinishingitontimewasimportant.
FinallyafterseveralhoursoffocusedworkI
finishedandfeltasenseofaccomplishment.It
wasalongandtiringdaybutitwasworthit.
(一)应用类写作文体
1.邀请信
(1)基本结构
①发出邀请②活动具体信息③再次
邀请期待回复
(2)常用表达句
①开头句
Imnowwritingonbehalfoftheclassmates
toinviteyoutocomeandattendtheexhibition.
我代表同学们写信邀请您来参加此次展览
Knowingthatyouarewarm ̄heartedand
veryenthusiasticaboutsportsImwritingto
inviteyoutojoinmeinthevolunteerwork.我知
道你很热心对运动有极大的热情所以我写
信邀请你和我一起去做志愿者工作
Sinceyouhaveapassionforthetraditional
188学
ChinesecultureIdliketoinviteyoutoparticipate
inanactivityrelatedtoBeijingOperainour
school.因为你对中国传统文化情有独钟所以
我想邀请你参加我校举办的京剧活动
②正文句
Herearesomedetailsaboutthisactivity./
Somedetailsaboutthisactivityareasfollows.这是
这次活动的一些细节/这次活动的细节如下
Iholdthefirmbeliefthatitisagood
chancetoperformyourfavoritemusic.我坚信这
是一次表演你最喜欢的音乐的好机会
Itwillbeginat2:00p.m.andlasttwo
hoursduringwhich15contestantswilldeliver
theirspeeches.它将于下午两点开始持续两小
时其间十五位参赛者将发表演讲
Wewillstartat8:00a.m.andarrivethereat
9:00.我们将会在上午八点出发九点到达那里
③结尾句
Iwouldfeelhonoredifyoucouldcome./
Anearlyreplyisappreciated.如果你能来我将
倍感荣幸/如能早日回复我将不胜感激
Ifitisconvenientforyouletsmeetat
8:30a.m.outsidetheschoolgate.Ifnotletme
knowwhattimesuitsyoubest.如果你方便的
话我们上午八点半在校门外见面如果不方
便告诉我你什么时候有空
Wouldyoupleaseletmeknowassoonas
possibleifyoucanacceptmyinvitation能否尽
快让我知道你是否能接受我的邀请
(3)黄金模板
Dear
HowseverythingwithyouImwriting
totellyouthattherewillbea(活
动)at/in(地点)on
withme.
Theoccasionwillstartat(具
(进一步的安排).Ataround
Ifyouareinterestedinitletmeknow.I
reallyhopeyoucanmakeit.Imlooking
forwardto(再次表达希望).
Yourssincerely
LiHua
(4)写作范例
(2020年1月浙江卷改编)假定你是李华你
校将举办外国学生中文演讲比赛请给你的英国
朋友George写封邮件邀请他参加内容包括:
注意:①词数100左右②可适当增加
细节以使行文连贯
DearGeorge
Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.Im
writingtoinviteyoutoparticipateinthe
Chinesespeechcontestforforeignstudents
atourschool.
ThecontestwillbeheldnextSaturday
from2:00p.m.to4:00p.m.inthelecturehall.
ThetopicofthespeechisMyChinese
LearningJourney.Youcantalkaboutyour
motivationforlearningChinesethechallenges
youhavefacedandtheprogressyouhave
made.Ifyoureinterestedremembertofillin
theformandsendittothisemailaddress
(5785639@qq.com)bynextThursday.
Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon
andseeingyouonthecontestday.
Yours
202学
2.叙事类短文
件的发生、发展、结局展开故事
人感受
Ourschoolorganizedacampuschorus
contestonWednesdayafternoonthethemeof
whichisLoveOurMotherland.我们学校在周三
下午组织了一场校园合唱比赛主题是“热爱
我们的祖国”
Thenalectureensued.Expertsand
scholarswereinvitedtodeliverspeechesonthe
relationshipbetweenreadingandbeingaman
whichwerereallythought ̄provokingand
inspiring.接着是一场讲座专家和学者被邀
请就读书与做人的关系做了演讲这些演讲非
常发人深省、鼓舞人心
Underthepatientguidanceoftheteacherwe
weededturnedoverthesoilplantedvegetables
liketomatoesandeggplantsandwateredthem.
在老师耐心的指导下我们除草、翻土、种西红
柿、茄子等蔬菜并给它们浇水
ItwastiringbutIwasveryhappywhenI
sawmyneighboursexchangeitemssatisfactorily.
Mostimportantlytheprogrammehasbuilt
strongerconnectionsamongmyneighbours.这
很累但当我看到邻居们心满意足地交换物品
时我很高兴最重要的是该项目加强了邻
居们之间的联系
Exposedtosucharewardingactivitymy
passionforreadingwasimmenselykindledand
Iwasdeterminedtodomyutmosttocultivate
lifelongreadinghabits.接触到这样一个有益的
活动我对阅读的热情被大大激发决定尽我
最大的努力培养终生阅读的习惯
Thesportscompetitionshowsahealthyand
activelifestyleofparticipants.这次体育比赛体
现了参与者健康积极的生活方式
Theenvironmentalcampaignraisesawareness
abouttheimportanceofprotectingourplanet.这
次环保运动提高了我们对保护地球重要性的
认识
(3)写作范例
(2023年全国乙卷)学校英文报组织同学
为主题写一篇短文投稿内容包括:
①简要描述②体验和感受
注意:①词数100左右②题目已为你
写好
LearningaNewSkill
LastyearIhadanopportunityto
watchamusicalcontestheldinmyschool.
ThatwasthefirsttimeIhadwatchedalive
musicalperformance.Thefantasticplayers
impressedmedeeply.
Iaskedmyparentstoallowmetotake
pianolessons.Inthebeginningitwasquite
difficulttoreadmusic.Howeveritdidnot
discourageme.Ispentmostofmyspare
timelearning.Althoughmyfingerswere
painfulafterafewhourspracticeIfelt
satisfiedifIcouldplayapieceofmusic
completely.
ThoughIwontpursueacareerin
pianoIllstillcontinuelearningandplaying
thepianoasmyhobby.Thisissimply
becausemusicisthebestmedicationformy
soul.
学203
3.人物介绍类短文
人物介绍类短文属于记叙文的写作范畴
写作时要围绕人物组织材料要主题鲜明内
容清楚并注意结构的完整性
①介绍人物基本情况②介绍人物性格
及事迹③对人物进行评价
LiBaiafamouspoetintheTangDynasty
isconsideredoneofthegreatestpoetsinthe
historyofChineseliterature.李白是著名的唐代
诗人被认为是中国文学史上最伟大的诗人之一
DuFualsoknownasTuFuwasa
prominentpoetintheTangDynastyandis
regardedasoneofthegreatestpoetsinthehistory
ofChineseliterature.杜甫是杰出的唐代诗人被
视为中国文学史上最伟大的诗人之一
XuanzangisafamousBuddhistmonkand
scholarwhooncetraveledtoIndiatoacquire
Buddhistscripturesandhasplayedasignificant
roleinthespreadofBuddhisminChina.玄奘是
一位著名的佛教僧人和学者曾前往印度取得
佛经对佛教在中国的传播起到了重要作用
XuGuangqiwasaprominentofficialduring
theMingDynastyandplayedakeyrolein
introducingWesternscienceandtechnologyto
China.徐光启是杰出的明代官员在将西方科
技引入中国的过程中起到了关键作用
LinZexuwasaChineseofficialwhoplayed
aprominentroleintheOpiumWarsandis
rememberedforhisbanonopium ̄smokingand
theopiumtrade.林则徐是一位中国官员在鸦
片战争中发挥了重要作用因禁止吸食鸦片和
鸦片贸易而被人铭记
ConfuciusalsoknownasKongziisa
Chinesephilosopherandeducatorwhohasgreatly
influencedChinesecultureandphilosophy.孔子
是一位对中国文化和哲学产生巨大影响的中国
哲学家和教育家
LaozialsoknownasLao ̄Tzuwasan
ancientChinesephilosopherandthefounderof
Taoism.老子是中国古代的哲学家和道教的创
始人
HuaMulanisalegendaryfigureinChinese
folklorewhodisguisedherselfasamanand
joinedthearmytotakeherfathersplace.花木
兰是中国民间传说中的传奇人物她女扮男
装代父从军
(2023年全国甲卷)你们学校正举办主题
为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动请你以
一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿内
容包括:
①人物简介及事迹②意义或启示
TheHistoricalFigureinChina
Confuciusisawell ̄knownfigurein
Chinesehistory.Histeachingsemphasizethe
importanceofmoralvaluesrespectfor
eldersandsocialharmony.Confucius
traveledwidelyinChinaconveyinghis
wisdomtocountlessfollowersandhavinga
profoundimpactonChinesesociety.Even
todayhisideascontinuetoguide
individualsandcommunitiesinChinaand
beyond.
Confuciusslifeoffersvaluablelessons.
Hestressedtheself ̄cultivationrespectfor
eldersandthepursuitofknowledgewhich
serveasaguidinglightinourfast ̄pacedand
interconnectedworld.Histeachingsremind
usoftheimportanceofintegrity
compassionandsocialresponsibility.
204学
Writing1
假定你是李华最近你校要举办一个健康生活讲座请你给你的英国朋友Tom写一封邮件
邀请他一起去听讲座内容包括:
注意:①词数100左右②可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯③开头和结尾已给出不计
入总词数
DearTom
Writing2
假定你是李华你校将举办音乐节请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加内容包括:
注意:①词数100左右②可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯
学205
2.道歉信
Writing3
假定你是李华你原本与外教David约定于本周六一起游南湖公园但因故不能赴约请给他
写一封邮件内容包括:
Writing4
假定你是李华你原本与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店但因故不能赴约请给他写一封邮
件内容包括:
206学
3.建议信
Writing5
假定你是李华你的美国朋友Jamie发邮件告诉你他对中国传统文学非常感兴趣但是在阅读
给Jamie回一封电子邮件要点如下:
①表示理解并给予安慰②提出建议并说明理由
Writing6
假定你是李华收到一封名为Flower的网友发来的电子邮件向你询问如何交友请你给她
回一封电子邮件并提出建议要点如下:
①交朋友首先要对他人友善②要使陌生人感到亲切不管他在何处关心他人胜过自己
③与他人有分歧时不要吵架要商量④不要相信困难时不理会朋友的人因为“患难见真情”