2021全国甲卷高考英语真题及参考答案
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2023-03-0817:33
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【liuxue86.com-高考试题】
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每图所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.
A
Takeaview，theLandscape（风景）PhotographeroftheYearAward，wastheideaofCharlieWaite，oneoftoday’smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear，thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.TakeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcornersoftheUKandbeyond.
MikeShepherd
（2011）
SkiddawinWinter
Cumbria，England
Itwasanextremelycoldwinter’seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.Iclimbedtothetopofasmallriseandrealisedthatthemistwaslittlemorethanafewfeetdeep，andthoughitwasonlyashortclimb，IfoundmyselfcompletelyaboveitandlookingatawonderfullyclearviewofSkiddawwiththesumsettinginthewest.Iusedclassicaltechniques，translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkroomintoPhotoshop，toachievetheblack-and-whiteimage（图像）.
TimothySmith
（2014）
Macclesfield
Forest
Cheshire，England
IwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.WalkingupapaththroughtheforesttowardsShutlingsloe，alocalhighpoint，Icameacrossasmallclearingandimmediatelynoticedthedeadyellowgrassessetagainstthefreshsnow.ThesmallpineaddedtotheinterestandIplaceditcentrallytotaketheviewfromtheforegroundrightthroughintotheforest.
WhowouldmostprobablyenterforTakeaview？
A.Writersers.B.Photographers.
C.Painters.D.Tourists.
WhatdotheworksbyShepherdandSmithhaveincommon？
A.Theyarewinterimages.
B.Theyareinblackandwhite.
C.Theyshowmountainousscenes.
D.Theyfocusonsnow-coveredforests.
Wherecanthetextbefound？
A.Inahistorybook.B.Inanovel.
C.Inanartmagazine.D.Inabiography.
B
PortLympneReserve，whichrunsabreeding（繁育）programme，haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf（犀牛幼崽）thetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31，shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival，especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity（圈养）.
PaulBeer，headofrhinosectionatPortLympne，said：“Obviouslywe’reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She’shealthy，strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother，Solio，isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It’sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen，butassoonastheweatherwarmsup，Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.”
Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve，butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother，grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.
AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund，theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500，givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.
Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme？
A.Costly.B.Controversial.C.Ambitious.D.Successful.
WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino？
A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.
C.Sheisingoodcondition.D.Sheissensitivetoheat.
WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave？
A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces.
C.livedwiththeirgrandmothers.D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung.
WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserve？
A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.
B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals
C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.
D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.
C
WhenIwas9，wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow，LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-skydays，Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.
Southbank，ataneasternbendintheThames，isthecenterofBritishskateboarding，wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite：Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon’tworryaboutit.Once，whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（横杆），Ifellontothestones，damaginganerveinmyhand，andTobycameover，helpingmeup：Safe，man.Safe.Afewminuteslater，whenIlandedthetrick，myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud，shouting：“Safe！Safe！Safe！”Andthat’swhatmattered—landingtricks，beingagoodskater.
WhenIwas15，myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere，butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears，I’dgivenitup.
WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004，IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank，spendinghoursthere.I’vetraveledbackseveraltimessince，mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear；touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards，Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail-thinteenager，inabaggywhiteT—shirt，skidded（滑）uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.“Iwasalocalhere20yearsago，”Itoldhim.Then，slowly，hebegantonodhishead.“Safe，man.Safe.”
“Yeah，”Isaid.“Safe.”
WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon？
A.Hefeltdisappointed.B.Hegaveuphishobby.
C.Helikedtheweatherthere.D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.
Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe！Safe！Safe！”probablymean？
A.Becareful！B.Welldone！C.Noway！D.Don’tworry！
WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon？
A.Tojointheskateboarding.B.Tomakenewfriends.
C.Tolearnmoretricks.D.Torelivehischildhooddays
Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext？
A.Childrendrenshouldlearnasecondlanguage.
B.Sportisnecessaryforchildren’shealth.
C.Childrenneedasenseofbelonging
D.Seeingtheworldisamustforchildren.
D
Whoisagenius？Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.
Let’sstateclearly：Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus？Andwhoarethey？
Inthesciencesandarts，thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen，ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It’ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors，andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women，orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.
AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix，girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender（性别）are“really，reallysmart.”Evenworse，thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief：Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really，reallysmart.”Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup？Itdoesn’ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer：absolutelynot.
Here’sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication，we’reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook，themorewewillseethatsocialfactors（因素）likegender，race，andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays，futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence，creativity，perseverance（毅力），andsimplegoodfortune，whoareabletochangetheworld.“
Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors’standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub？
A.They’reunfair.B.They’reconservative.
C.They’reobjective.D.They’restrict.
WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience？
A.thinkthemselvessmart.
C.lookuptogreatthinkers.
C.seegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.
D.arelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs.
Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic？
A.ovedglobalcommunication.
B.discriminationagainstwomen.
C.ptanceofvictors’concepts.
D.gesinpeople’ssocialpositions.
Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？
A.usesThinkAlikeB.GeniusTakesManyForms
C.usandIntelligenceD.GeniusandLuck
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.
Swap，Don’tshop！
Youkeephearingaboutrecycling，right？Butitdoesn’tendwithbottles，cans，andpaper.Clothingtakesahugeamountofnaturalresources（资源）tomake，andbuyingloadsofnewclothing（orthrowingoutoldclothing）isnothealthyfortheenvironment.Sowhattodowithallthoseperfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor？16.It’sthebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes，scoreclothesfromyourfriends，andhaveapartyallatthesametime.
Asuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes，theorganizationoftheevent，and，obviously，howmuchfunishad.It’sreallyeasytodo！Hereareafewpointers.
Invite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.17，andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom；morethanthat，anditbecomesuncontrollable.
18.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir“new”clotheshome.
Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.19.Placeafewmirrorsaroundyourroomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.Oneofthegroundrulesoftheswapshouldbethateveryonemusttryontheclothesbeforetheytakethem—thingsalwayslookdifferentwhenyouputthemon.
Setastartingtime.Maybeyousay“go，”orturnonacertainsong，orwhatever.20.Anddon’tforgettoputoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember，it’saparty！
Lesspeoplethanthat
Holdaclothingswap
Iftwopeoplearecompeting
Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout
Donatewhateverclothesareleftover
Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots
Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
It’stheseasidebirdsthatdeserveatleastpartoftheblameforgettingNickBurchillblacklistedattheFairmontEmpressHotelinVictoria，Canada.
Burchillwas21atthehotelonbusinessandplanningto22somefriendsinthearea.Theyhadaskedhimto23somepepperoni（辣香肠）frombackeast.Sohe24asuitcasefullofpepperoni.Ashewas25thatitwouldbetoowarm，he26itoutonthetablenearanopenwindow.Hethoughthispepperoniwas27andwellchilled（冷却）andhe28.
That’swhenthingswent29.“Irememberwalkingdownthelong30andopeningthedoortomyroomtofindanentireflockofseagulls，”Burchillsaidinarecentletterof31tothe4-starhotel.“Theseagullsimmediatelywent32.Theyrushedtothewindow，30or40birdsalltryingto33atthesametime，andpepperoni—everywhere.Thecurtainswerefallingdown，thelampswerefallingdown，Itwasareal34.
Olderandwisernow，Burchillchalkeduptheincidenttoyouthfulindiscretion（莽撞）.
“Ihave35andIadmitresponsibilityformy36，”hesaidintheletter.“Icometoyou，37，toapologizeforthe-damageIhad38causedandtoaskyouto39mylifetimebanfromthehotel.”
Hisletter40.Bannedfromthehotelsince2001，Burchillisnowwelcometocomeback，theFairmontsaid.
A.studyingB.stayingC.lookingD.packing
A.visitB.helpC.followD.make
A.sellB.haveC.bringD.taste
A.filledB.lockedC.abandonedD.lost
A.surprisedB.pleasedC.excitedD.worried
A.dugB.clearedC.cutD.laid
A.deliciousB.safeC.softD.ready
A.leftB.noddedC.waitedD.regretted
A.farB.funnyC.wrongD.blind
A.beachB.drivewayC.hallD.table
A.applicationB.apologyC.requestD.invitation
A.hungryB.deadC.missingD.wild
A.wakeupB.getoutC.takeoffD.breakin
A.messB.puzzleC.fightD.challenge
A.recoveredB.retiredC.escapedD.matured
A.sufferingB.plansC.madnessD.actions
A.handsinpocketB.noseintheairC.hatinhandD.feetontheground
A.indirectlyB.deliberatelyC.cautiouslyD.secretly
A.replaceB.rememberC.reconsiderD.renew
A.arrivedB.workedC.endedD.disappeared
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
TheXi’anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina’slonghistory.It41（build）originallytoprotectthecity42theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored（修复）.Itispossible43（walk）orbiketheentire14kilometers.
WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metershighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.
After44（spend）sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall，wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat45（good）thantorideonapieceofhistory！
We46（hire）ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky47didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall48wayaroundtheXi’anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours，butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand49（watchtower）totakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir50（day）routines.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分；满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作业，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词.
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉.
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分.
Lastweekourteacheraskedustofillinaquestionnaire.Oneofthequestionsare：Whowillyougointimesoftrouble？Herearetheresults.Manystudentssaytheywilltalktotheirfriendorclassmatesbecausethey’reofthesameageandcanunderstandeachother.Somewillturnouttotheirparentsorteachersforhelp.Onlyalittlechoosetodealwiththeproblemsonourown.Theiranswersalsoshowthattheydisliketalktoothers.Theykeptverymuchtothemselves.Inmyopinion，whereintrouble，weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmostly.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华.你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，并在英文网站展示.请你写一封邮件给外国朋友Chris，向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人.邮件内容包括：
阐明写信事由；
征求建议；
表示感谢.
注意：
词数100左右；
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.
第一部分阅读理解
1-3BAC4-7DCAD8-11ABDC12-15ADAB16-20BAGFD
第二部分语言知识运用
21-25BACAD26-30DBACC31-35BDBAD36-40DCACB
wasbuilt42。in43。towalk44。spending45。better46。hired47。but48。the