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本大纲对应教材版本：新世纪经贸英语田耀天津大学出版社2001年
天津市高等教育自学考试课程考试大纲
课程名称：国际经贸英语阅读
课程代码：1148
第一部分课程性质与目标
课程性质与特点
《国际经贸英语阅读》是高等教育自学考试英语（国际经贸方向）专业本科段必考的核心课程，是一门理论联系实际，应用性较强的课程。
本课程针对本科英语专业学生具有了较高的基础英语水平，却不能在某个专业领域有效地展开理解、翻译和交流的弱点，编辑了大量的有关外贸用途的英语阅读，内容涉及：基础经济学知识、基础金融学知识和外贸进出口业务知识。在词汇、用语和语言结构等方面体现了鲜明的专业特点，集知识性、新颖性和实用性于一体，既系统的传授了外贸知识，又训练了学生的英语能力。
课程目标与基本要求
本课程着眼于外贸类复合型人才的培养方向，通过本课程的学习，在学习经贸知识的同时，通过各种语言现象，进一步巩固并提高考生在基础英语阶段所学到的语言知识和技能，结合具体的经贸内容，有针对性地扩大考生的词汇量，培养考生阅读理解有关经贸教材的能力和用英语表达有关内容的能力。
与本专业其他课程的关系
本课程与其他英语课程的总体培养目标是一致的。各种基础英语课程是本课程的先修课程，自考者必须首先通过基础英语，较好地掌握英语语音、语法，具备一定的词汇量，才能比较顺利地进行本课程的学习和考试。另一方面，学习本课程也十分有利于印证、巩固、加强和提高在基础英语课程中学到的英语技能和知识，与有关专业其他经贸英语课程相辅相成（如进出口贸易实务、涉外营销谈判策略），从不同的角度和层次使考生对英语在对外经济贸易领域的运用有一个立体的多方面的了解。考生通过这些有关课程后才能初步用英语从事有关对外经贸工作。
第二部分考核内容与考核目标
Lesson1whatiseconomics
一、学习目的和要求
了解经济的一般含义，微观经济学和宏观经济学研究的范围及其相互关系。
二、考核知识点
（一）经贸知识
1、Economics（一般）
理解：thedefinitionsofeconomics
2、Microeconomicsandmacroeconomics.（一般）
理解：whatmicroeconomicsstudies
whatmacroeconomicsstudies
therelationshipsbetweenmicroeconomicsandmacroeconomics.
（二）生词与短语
pace,aspect,inflation,taxation,conflict,maximize,analyze,trend,barrier,scarce,commodity,distribute,focuson,strategy,transaction,marginal,aggregate,surplus,participant
（三）经贸术语
unemployment,microeconomics,macroeconomics,marginalanalysis,moneysupply
Lesson2Tosatisfyhumanwantsbyusingeconomicresources
熟悉经济资源的一半范围，知道最基本的三个经济学问题。
1、Economicresources（一般）
识记：Themaineconomicresources
2、Thethreebasiceconomicquestionsthateverysocietymustanswer(次重点)
识记：whattoproduce
理解：howtoproduce
应用：forwhomtoproduce
division,cover,possess,category,assets,durable,renewable,sustainable,crucial,deplete,offset,recycle,quantity,decentralize,interaction,induce,gratification,fulfillment,manual,designate,enact,controversial,theoretically
bond,stock,account,inputs,scarcity
Lesson3Typesofeconomicssystems
熟悉两种最基本的经济体制。
1、Economicsystems（一般）
识记：Themostbasictypesofeconomicsystems
2、Plannedsystem（次重点）
理解：Inaplannedeconomicsystemallthedecisionswillbedecidedbythecentralgovernment.
Marketsystem（重点）
理解：Inamarketeconomicsystem,thedecision-makingiscompletelydecentralized,withindividualsmakingthedecisions.
comprehensive,utilize,complex,promote,motivation,misuse,merchandise,vital,maximize,minimize,inadequate,stem,debate,advertising
plannedsystem,marketsystem,monopoly,monopolist
Lesson4AdamSmithandJohnMaynardKeynes
了解斯密和凯恩斯的主要观点。
1、TheviewofAdamSmith（次重点）
理解：TheessenceofSmitheconomicphilosophywasthataneconomywouldworkbestiflefttofunctiononitsownwithoutgovernmentregulation.
TheviewofJohnMaynardKeynes（次重点）
应用：Keynesdemonstratedthatitwaspossiblefortotalsupplyanddemandtobeatequilibriumatapointwellunderfullemployment.
moral,philosophy,thrill,recognition,germinal,endeavor,virtue,allocation,pervasive,amass,fortune,speculation,negotiation,mainstream,interference,equilibrium,assurance,transform,demonstrate,conventional
Thewealthofnations,invisiblehand,laissezfaire,thegreatdepression
Lesson5OpportunitycostsandMarginalcosts
了解机会成本和边际成本的概念，需要重点掌握。
1、Opportunitycosts（重点）
理解：ThedefinitionofOpportunitycosts
2、Marginalcosts（重点）
forgone,marginal,enroll,tuition,idle,federal,convert,take…intoaccount,timber,alternative
opportunitycosts,marginalcosts
Lesson6Sourcesofhighproductivity
了解高产出的四个必要因素。
Themostimportantfactorscontributedtohighproductivity（次重点）
识记：individualproductivity,
incentives,
appropriatecapitalequipment,
marketsize,
newtechnologies.
productivity,volume,demonstrate,comparative,combination,native,incentive,complicate,maintenance,managerial,foster,niche,lassitude,slackness,eliminate,optimize,forefront,instrumentation,expenditure,distribute
economyofscale,employbenefits
Lesson7PerfectcompetitionandMonopolisticcompetition
了解完全竞争和垄断竞争两种市场结构。
1、Perfectcompetitionisconsideredtoexistonlyifthefollowingfourconditionsaremet（重点）
理解：Therearemanyfirmsintheindustry
Eachfirmisapricetaker
Allfirmsintheindustrysellidenticalproducts
应用：Thereisafreedomofentryintoandexitfromtheindustrybyfirms
2、Monopolisticcompetition（一般）.
理解：Monopolisticcompetitionismorecommon
perfect,monopolistic,ideal,identical,capacity,financial,alter,portion,appreciable,substitute,carrot,wholesaler,intensity
perfectcompetition,monopolisticcompetition,pricetaker,fullcapacity
Lesson8Thecharacteristicsofmonopoly
了解垄断竞争的含义及其特点。
1、Monopoly（次重点）
识记：Thedefinitionofpuremonopoly
Monopolyandlegalmonopoly（一般）.
理解：Thedifferencebetweenmonopolyandlegalmonopoly
opposite,becomposedof,substitute,barrier,sole,exclusiveof,unique,synonymous,provision,grant,franchise,license,patent,confer,innovation,reap,copyright
monopoly,franchise,license,patent
Lesson9Thecharacteristicsofoligopoly
了解寡头垄断竞争的含义及其特点。
1、Oligopoly（重点）
识记：Thedefinitionofoligopoly.
Thecharacteristicsofoligopoly（重点）
理解：Thesourcesofthemarketpowerofoligopoliesarebarrierstoentry
应用：Toprotectthemfromforeigncompetition,oligopoliesoftenrequiretheassistanceofgovernment.
识记：Thepricesofoligopoliestendtoremainatacertainlevel.
Oligopoliesareheavyspendersintheareasofmarketresearch,productdesignandadvertising.
dominate,precisely,band,incur,estimate,substantial,existence,mutual,budget,viceversa,subjectto,sole,reinforce,temporary,commercial
oligopoly,tariff,layoff,inelastic
Lesson10Theconceptofaggregatesupplyandaggregatedemand
了解总供给和总需求的含义，及其组成部分，熟悉AD曲线和AS曲线及其经济含义。
1、Aggregatesupplyandaggregatedemand（次重点）
识记：Thedefinitionofaggregatesupply
Thedefinitionofaggregatedemand
2、Theaggregatedemandincludesfourcategories（重点）
理解：consumption
Investment
识记：Government
Export
concept,aggregate,capacity,depress,excess,boom,scramble,potential,availability,substantial,entity,constant,monetary,axis,sloping,pressure,represent
aggregatesupply,aggregatedemand,supplycurve,demandcurve
Lesson11Theconsumption,saving,investmentRelationship
了解消费、储蓄和投资之间的关系及其各自对经济发展的贡献。
Consumption,savingandinvestment（一般）
理解：Therelationshipofconsumption,savingandinvestment
crucial,component,durable,aid,sacrifice,downturn,oblige,impose,accidental,mediate,lag,slump,anticipate,favorable
investment,surplus,mandate,interestrate,realinterestrate
Lesson12employmentandunemployment
了解劳动力及失业的含义，以及失业的三种类型。
1、Labor（一般）
识记：Thedefinitionoflabor
2、Thetypesofunemployment（重点）
识记：Frictionalunemployment
Structuralunemployment
Cyclicalunemployment
plus,homemaker,voluntarily,statistics,survey,representative,quit,overestimate,underestimate,frictional,dynamic,cyclical,seniority
Laborforce,unemploymentrate,frictionalunemployment,structuralunemployment
Lesson13whatisfullemployment
了解充分就业的含义，以及不同国家失业率的基本情况。
Fullemployment（次重点）
理解：Thedefinitionoffullemployment
turnover,constitute,gravitate,disturbance,revise,attainable,substantially,tendency,paternalistic,incline,vocational,interpretation,vacancy
fullemployment,naturalrateofunemployment,utilization
Lesson14Thenatureofinflation
了解通货膨胀的基本含义，及其对社会的各种影响。尤其是通货膨胀对经济的影响。
1、Inflation（重点）
理解：Thedefinitionofinflation
Inflationandsociety（一般）
理解：Howtheinflationaffectsthesociety
Inflationandeconomy（次重点）
理解：Howtheinflationaffectstheeconomy
tolerate,moderate,devastate,athlete,irritation,impair,pension,provision,offset,vulnerable,protection,stagnation,erode,formation,erode,formation,mortgage,allowances,retrain
inflation,thepurchasingpower,lifeinsurance,economicstagnation,mortgage
Lesson15Demand-pullinflationandCost-pushinflation
了解什么是需求拉动型通货膨胀和成本推动型通货膨胀，并知道这俩种类型之间的差别。
1、Demand-pullinflation（次重点）
理解：WhatisDemand-pullinflation
2、Cost-pushinflation（次重点）
理解：WhatisCost-pushinflation
3、Cost-pushinflationandDemand-pullinflation（次重点）
理解：ThedifferencebetweenCost-pushinflationandDemand-pullinflation
circulation,combat,boost,simplistic,bargain,resultant,resultant,spiral
demand-pullinflation,cost-pushinflation,therateofinflation,monetarypolicy
Lesson16Theroleofgovernment
了解政府在市场经济中的地位和作用，以及政府是通过哪些途径干预市场经济的。
1、Theresponsibilityofgovernmentinthemarketeconomicsystem（次重点）
理解：thegovernment’sresponsibilityinthemarketeconomicsystem
Theroleofgovernmentinthemarketeconomicsystem（一般）.
理解：Whatthegovernmentdoesinthemarketeconomicsystem.
mistakenly,uphold,welfare,jurisdiction,pave,patrol,pollution,enforce,facilitate,subsidy,slump
welfarestate,privateenterprise,minimumwagelaw,subsidy
Lesson17Sourcesofgovernmentrevenues
1、Themaintypesoftax（次重点）
应用：Taxesonincome
理解：Taxesonspending
识记：Taxesonassets
2、taxonpersonalincome（次重点）
识记：Thefeaturesofthetaxonpersonalincome
3、salestaxes（一般）
理解：Themaindisadvantageofsalestaxes
revenue,levy,asset,tailor,progressive,prominent,disincentive,bonus,regressive
personalincome,salestax,progressivetax,marginaltaxrate,value-addedtax,regressivetax,transferpayment
Lesson18Money
了解货币的概念及其基本功能。
1、Money（次重点）
识记：Thedefinitionofmoney
Thefunctionofthemoney（次重点）
应用：amediumofexchange
理解：astoreofvalue
理解：astandardofdeferredpayment
Indischargeof,attribute,acceptability,bronze,engrave,generalized,amplify,division,flexibility,exercise,bill,check,yardstick,apportion,savingsdeposit,fluctuation,efficiency
doublecoincidenceofwants,purchasingpower,checkingaccount,savingdeposit,traveler’scheck,mediumofvalue,standardofdeferredpayment,demanddeposit,treasurybills
Lesson19Balanceofpayments
了解国际收支平衡的含义，以及编制国际收支平衡账户的基本原则和重要组成部分。
1、Balanceofpayments（次重点）
识记：ThedefinitionoftheBalanceofpayments
2、GeneralprinciplesoftheBalanceofpayments（次重点）
理解：ThetwogeneralprinciplesoftheBalanceofpayment
3、Importantsectionsofthebalanceofpayments（一般）
识记：currentaccount
capitalaccount
theofficialreserveaccount
errorsandomission
resident,principle,citizenship,subsidiary,entry,credit,pension,outflow,currentaccount,capitalaccount,liabilities,error,omission,render,remittance,surplus,deficit,therestofsomething,artificially,ownership,creditorship
Balanceofpayments,double-entrysystem,unilateraltransfer,bookkeeping
Lesson20Foreignexchangeandforeignexchangerate
了解汇率的三种表示方法和两种基本类型，并简单了解什么是即期汇率和远期汇率。
1、Quotationmethodsofexchangesrates（重点）
识记：directquotationmethod
indirectquotationmethod
USdollarquotationmethod
2、Thetypesofexchangerates（一般）
识记：Thetypesofexchangerates
3、Spotexchangerate（一般）
理解：Whatisspotexchangerate
4、Forwardexchangerate（一般）
理解：Whatisforwardexchangerate
quotation,indicate,Zurich,Swissfranc,Deutschemark,interaction,appreciate,depreciate,problematic,assume,guarantee,insure
Foreignexchangerate,USdollarquotationmethod,spotexchangerate,forwardexchangerate,atadiscount,atapremium
Lesson21Foreignexchangemarket
了解外汇市场的含义及其基本功能，并知道外汇市场的特点。
1、Foreignexchange（一般）
识记：Thedefinitionoftheforeignexchange
2、Thefunctionsoftheforeignexchangemarket（重点）
识记：currencyconversion
insuringagainstforeignexchangerisk
Thecharacteristicsoftheforeignexchangemarket（一般）
理解：Thecharacteristicsoftheforeignexchangemarket
mechanism,convert,commercialbank,inter-bank,commission,incur,speculation,adverse,theadverseeffects,elapse,fluctuate,Dutchguilder,lira,roundabout,takearoundaboutwayroute
foreignexchange,transactionsexposure,forwardandfuturecontracts,foreigncurrencyoption,fixedrate
Lesson22Exchangeratedetermination
了解影响外汇汇率的主要因素。
Thefactorsthataffecttheexchangesrate（重点）
应用：inflation
interestrates
理解：productivity
governmentpolicies
识记：otherfactors
determination,forecast,proposition,identical,impediment,Frankfurt,predicator,yield,adjust,intervene,expansionary,rally,turmoil,exodus,overriding
thelawofoneprice,purchasingpowerparitytheory,interestparitytheory
Lesson23Theinternationalmonetarysystem
了解国际货币组织制度的发展进程，及历史上主要的货币制度的特点。
1、financialsystems（一般）
识记：Threeprincipaltypesoffinancialsystems
2、Goldstandard（次重点）
理解：Thecharactersofthegoldstandard
3、BretonWoodsSystem（次重点）
理解：ThecharacteristicsoftheBretonWoodsSystem
4、JamaicaSystem（次重点）
理解：ThecharacteristicsoftheJamaicaSystem
dramatically,emerge,predominant,parity,specify,variation,giveriseto,abandon,commitment,embodiment,convertible,pool,peg,built-in,paradox,doom,accelerate,transmission,inevitable,deem,volatility,demonetize,diversify,spawn,unfetter,demerit,liquidity,agenda
goldstandard,fixedexchange-ratesystem,specialdrawingrights,adjustablepegsystem,theTiffinparadox,flexibleexchangerate,balance-of-payment,managedfloat
Lesson24Themoneymarket
了解货币市场的含义，以及在货币市场上使用的基本工具。
1、Themoneymarket（一般）
识记：Thedefinitionofthemoneymarket
2、Thedebtinstrumentsinthemoneymarket（重点）
应用：banker’sacceptance
commercialpaper
理解：treasurybill
brokeranddealerloans
negotiablecertificatesofdeposit
federalfunds
repurchaseagreement
liquid,denomination,treasurybill,outstanding,accept,demandaccount,intermediation,redeem,holdontosomething,depositbalance,reservedeficiency,excessreserve,repurchaseagreement
default,salesfinancecompany,banker’sacceptance,commercialpaper,par,promissorynote,broker,buyonmargin,callloan,negotiablecertificateofdeposit,federalfunds,thefederalfundsmarket,federalreservesystem,federalreservebank
Lesson25Toolsofmonetarypolicy
了解政府为了调节货币市场上的货币数量而需要的一般性政策工具和选择性政策工具。
1、Thegeneracreditcontrols（重点）
应用：reserverequirements
discountrate
openmarketoperations
2、Theselectivecreditcontrols（次重点）
理解：Theselectivecreditcontrols
volume,creditcontrol,selective,moralsuasion,listed,vary,potent,convert,scramble,conversely,levy,effect,psychological,prescribe,regulate
depositoryinstitutions,listedsecurities,reserverequirements,marginrequirement,moneymultiplier,excessreserve,legalreserve,reserveratio,openmarketoperations,portfolio,convertiblebonds,commonstock,marginalstock
Lesson26Thestructureoffinancialmarkets
1、Financialmarkets（次重点）
识记：Thestructureoffinancialmarkets
2、Primarymarketandsecondarymarket（次重点）
理解：Thedefinitionofprimarymarket
Thedefinitionofsecondarymarket
3、Thetwopartsofthesecondarymarket（一般）
识记：Thetwopartsofthesecondarymarket
security,commonstock,profferedstock,disclosure,relay,liquidity,brokeragefirm,portfolio,position,undeniably,indispensable,lifeexpectancy,marketmaker
primarymarket,secondarymarket,investmentbank,underwrite,syndicate,privateplacement,registeredstock,floortrader,floorbroker,specialist,odd-lottrader,round-lottrader,over-the-countermarket,principal,listedstocks
Lesson27Theinternationalmonetaryfund
1、TheobjectivesoftheIMF（一般）
识记：theobjectivesoftheIMF
2、FinanceresourcesfortheIMF（一般）
识记：ThethreefinanceresourcesfortheIMF
3、Thespecialdrawingright（次重点）
理解：Whatisthespecialdrawingright
ounce,abandonment,stabilize,attain,subscription,trustfund,replenish,prime,surveillance,tranche,eligibility,empower,atwill,justification,allocation,inproportiontosomething
Internationalmonetaryfund,Bretonwoodssystem,quota,reservecurrency,goldtranche,facility,Compensatoryandcontingencyfinancingfacility,Bufferstockfinancingfacility,oilfacility,Trustfundfacility,extendedfinancingfacility,supplementaryfinancingfacility,structuraladjustmentfacility,systematictransformationfacility
Lesson28Introductiontointernationaltrade
主要了解国际贸易的起因及其种类。
1、Internationaltrade（一般）
理解：Thereasonswhyinternationaltradeoccurs
2、Thetwomostimportantcategoriesintheinternationaltrade（次重点）
识记：Visibletradeandinvisibletrade
caveman,diet,Colombia,Guatemala,restrictive,scatter,deposit,Peru,Zaire,innovation,Sweden,derive,derive,primarily,visible,invisible,Greece,Nor-way,compartment,prudent,vulnerable,reimburse,Bahamas,crucial,impact,catalyst,shareholder,perspective
Lesson29Theadvantageofinternationaltrade
了解国际贸易中绝对优势和比较优势的含义。
1、absoluteadvantage（次重点）
理解：Whatisabsoluteadvantage？
2、comparativeadvantage（次重点）.
理解：Whatiscomparativeadvantage？
atfirstsight,proficient,trace,advent,crux,prosper,classical,devote,reveal,Nicaragua
absoluteadvantage,output
Lesson30Europeaneconomiccommunity
简单了解欧洲共同体的发展过程。
1、EEC（一般）
识记：themembersofEEC
2、EECmember’shigheconomicgrowthrates（一般）
理解：WhatarethemainreasonsfortheEECmember’shigheconomicgrowthrates
community,giant,enlargement,expansion,combined,equal,earnings,triple,inhabitant,recession,solely,foster,continued,spur,equipment,plowback,reinvest,dependence,gradual,removal,middleeasternoil,poultry,Portugal
Europeancommonmarket,grossdomesticproduct,EEC=EuropeanEconomicCommunity,OPEC=OrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries
Lesson32Barrierstointernationaltrade
简单了解贸易壁垒的类型及其内容。
1、Thetwomajorbarrierstofreetrade（一般）
识记：Tariffbarriersandnon-tariffsbarrier
tariffbarriersaremorecommon.
NTBsitems（次重点）.
识记：ThemajorNTBsitems
reserve,specialization,restriction,non-tariff,levy,boundary,differential,revenue,negative,withdraw,modify,escalation,assess,quantitative,impose,unilaterally,voluntary,allocate,subsidy,concession,procurement,launch,enterprise,globalization,ban,penetrate
Lesson33Technologytransfer
了解技术转让的含义，及国际间技术转让的过程。
1、Technologytransfer（次重点）
识记：Thedefinitionoftechnologytransfer.
Theprocessofthetechnologytransfer（次重点）
识记：assessingthetechnology
patentinganpatentmanagement
marketingthetechnology
licensing
licensemanagement
reporting
trademark,territory,abdicate,proprietary,dynamics,solicitation,sponsor,substantial,recipient,erosion,victimize,hostile,title,acquisition,tap,assume,via,desirability,marketingcampaign,non-confidential,yield,guarantee,execution,milestone,royalty,reimbursable
technologytransfer,trademark,know-how,intellectualproperty,front-endtechnology,TTO=TechnologyTransferOffice,royalty
Lesson34Businessinternet
E-commerce（一般）
理解：Whydoese-commercebecomesopopular
Interlink,protocol,transparently,multiple,defense-oriented,realm,comprise,collaborative,enhance,online,prospect,offline,awareness,evolve,stake,governance,affordable,access,display,vendor,fast-moving,robust
tele-teaching,NIC=NetworkInformationCenter,e-commerce,cyberbusiness,encryption,
Lesson35Futurestrading
1、Futuresmarkets（一般）
识记：Thefunctionsthatshouldbeplayedbyfuturesmarkets
2、Cashtransactionandfuturestrading（一般）
理解：Thedifferencebetweencashtransactionandfuturestrading
overview,speculator,benchmark,cashmarket,physicalmarket,cashmarket,pricediscount,premium,grainelevator,middleman,miller,marketer,haul,margin,bushel,prevalent,realestate,lease,chargecard,mortgage,subscription,auctionlike,tradingfloor,initiate
cashcommodity,hedge,futurescontract,futurescontract,futuresmarket
Lesson36Businessnegotiation
了解商务谈判的内容及其重要意义，并熟悉出口商和进口商在谈判中的技巧。
1、Thecommontermsinvolvedinnegotiation（重点）
识记：Quantity,quality,price,package,meansoftransportation,payment,dateandportofdelivery,insurance,compensationandothernecessaryrequirements.
Strategiesgogetfavorablepriceforexportersandimporters（次重点）
识记：Themaineffectivestrategiesgogetfavorableprice，forexportersandimporters
prelude,mutually,sensitive,controversial,concession,aspect,strategy,profitability,after-salesservicing,relevant,confirm,assessment,equalize,artificially,legalistic,ceremonial
after-salesservicing,marketexclusivity,commissionrate
Lesson37contract
1、contract（一般）
识记：Thefunctionofthecontract
2、Theclassificationofcontract（次重点）
应用：salescontract
识记：counter-tradecontract
leasingcontract
engineeringcontract
foreigninvestmentandjointventureagreement
transferoftechnologyagreement
futurecontract
remedy,contractual,compensation,breach,enforceable,bear,faultyproduct,inquiry,transact,unconditional,acceptance,comeintoforce,lesser,exclusive,lessee,option,onaninternationalscale,implementation,retain,expire
immediateexchange,counter-trade,barter,switch,offset,convertible,non-convertible,counter-balancing,licensingagreement,futuretrading,salescontract
另外，31,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49课的内容会在《进出口贸易实务》（英文）中进行详细的讲解，在此不再赘述。
第三部分有关说明与实施要求
一、考核的能力层次表述
本大纲在考核目标中，按照“识记”、“理解”、“应用”三个能力层次规定其应达到的能力层次要求。各能力层次为递进等级关系，后者必须建立在前者的基础上，其具体含义是：
识记：能知道有关的名词、概念、知识的含义，并能正确认识和表述，是低层次的要求。
理解：在识记的基础上，能全面把握基本概念、基本原理、基本方法，能掌握有关概念、原理、方法的区别与联系，是较高层次的要求。
应用：在理解的基础上，能运用基本概念、基本原理、基本方法联系学过的多个知识点分析和解决有关的理论问题和实际问题，是最高层次的要求。
二、教材
指定教材：新世纪经贸英语田耀天津大学出版社2001年
三、自学方法指导
1、在开始阅读指定教材某一章之前，先翻阅大纲中有关这一章的考核知识点及对知识点的能力层次要求和考核目标，以便在阅读教材时做到心中有数，有的放矢。
2、阅读教材时，要逐段细读，逐句推敲，集中精力，吃透每一个知识点，对基本概念必须深刻理解，对基本理论必须彻底弄清，对基本方法必须牢固掌握。
3、在自学过程中，既要思考问题，也要做好阅读笔记，把教材中的基本概念、原理、方法等加以整理，这可从中加深对问题的认知、理解和记忆，以利于突出重点，并涵盖整个内容，可以不断提高自学能力。
四、对社会助学的要求
1、应熟知考试大纲对课程提出的总要求和各章的知识点。
2、应掌握各知识点要求达到的能力层次，并深刻理解对各知识点的考核目标。
3、辅导时，应以考试大纲为依据，指定的教材为基础，不要随意增删内容，以免与大纲脱节。
4、辅导时，应对学习方法进行指导，宜提倡"认真阅读教材，刻苦钻研教材，主动争取帮助，依靠自己学通"的方法。
5、辅导时，要注意突出重点，对考生提出的问题，不要有问即答，要积极启发引导。
6、注意对应考者能力的培养，特别是自学能力的培养，要引导考生逐步学会独立学习，在自学过程中善于提出问题，分析问题，做出判断，解决问题。
7、要使考生了解试题的难易与能力层次高低两者不完全是一回事，在各个能力层次中会存在着不同难度的试题。
8、助学学时：本课程共5学分，建议总课时90学时，其中助学课时分配如下：
章次
内容
学时
Lesson1
Whatiseconomics
3
Lesson2
Tosatisfyhumanwantsbyusingeconomicresources
2
Lesson3
Typesofeconomicsystems
Lesson4
Adamsmith&johnMaynardKeynes
Lesson5
Opportunitycostsandmarginalcosts
Lesson6
Sourcesofhighproductivity
Lesson7
Perfectcompetition&monopolisticcompetition
Lesson8
Thecharacteristicsofmonopoly
Lesson9
Thecharacteristicsofoligopoly
Lesson10
Theconceptofaggregatesupplyandaggregatedemand
Lesson11
Theconsumption,saving,investingrelationship
Lesson12
Employmentandunemployment
Lesson13
Whatisfullemployment
Lesson14
Thenatureofinflation
Lesson15
Demand-pullinflationandcost-pushinflation
Lesson16
Theroleofgovernmentrevenues
Lesson17
Sourcesofgovernmentrevenues
Lesson18
Money
Lesson19
Balanceofpayments
Lesson20
Foreignexchangeandforeignexchangerate
Lesson21
Foreignexchangemarket
Lesson22
Exchangeratedetermination
Lesson23
Theinternationalmonetarysystem
Lesson24
Themoneymarket
Lesson25
Toolsofmonetarypolicy
Lesson26
Thestructureoffinancialmarkets
Lesson27
Theinternationalmonetaryfund
Lesson28
Introductiontointernationaltrade
Lesson29
Theadvantageofinternationaltrade
Lesson30
Europeaneconomiccommunity
Lesson32
Barrierstointernationaltrade
Lesson33
Technologytransfer
Lesson34
Businessinternet
Lesson35
Futuretrading
Lesson36
Businessnegotiation
Lesson37
Contract
合计
90
五、关于命题考试的若干规定
1、本大纲各章所提到的内容和考核目标都是考试内容。试题覆盖到章，适当突出重点。
2、试卷中对不同能力层次的试题比例大致是：“识记”为15%，“理解”为65%，“应用”为20%。
3、试题难易程度应合理：易、较易、较难、难比例为2：3：3：2。
4、每份试卷中，各类考核点所占比例约为：重点占65%，次重点占25%，一般占10%。
5、本课程命题采用的基本题型包括判断题、填空题、选择题、简答题等。
六、题型示例（样题）
（一）判断题(trueorfalse)
1.Inaperfectlycompetitivemarket,buyersandsellersareabletoenterorleavethemarket.
2.Pricewillincreasewhendemandincreasefasterthanindustry’sabilitytosatisfythatdemand.
（二）填空题(fillintheblankswithwordsgivenbelowinproperform)
Themarketsystemiswidely__asbeingparticularlyabletoincreaseordecreaseproductionofitemsin__toincreasesordecreasesindemand,asproducersseektoproducethoseitemsthataremost__.Forthisreason,themarketsystemisgenerallyseenasbeingthesystemthatbestservestheinterestsoftheconsumer.
(Responseprofitablemonopolyserveturnreasonablecompetitionpossessrecognizeprice)
（三）选择题(choosethebestanswer)
Whichoneofthefollowingwouldbemostseverelyaffectedbyinflation
A.aprofessionalhockeyplayerB.anelectrician
C.aretiredsteelworkerlivingonapensionD.anofficeclerk
E.acollegestudentwhosuffersorbenefitsfrominflation
（四）简答题(questions)
1.Whatarethecharacteristicsoftheoligopoly
2.Whatfactorscanshifttheaggregatedemandcurve
3.Whatdeterminesthelevelofconsumptionspending
4.Whatarethesourcesofgovernmentincome
自考生题库
专业智能，巩固提分
历年真题
真题全景再现
进入做题
模拟考场
海量题随机做
考前点题
部分科目押题
章节练习
章节专项突破
错题收纳
试题收藏复习
易错题
高频易错习题
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